scholarly journals Labor indicators and manufacturing companies ownership patterns in Russia and its regions: results of quantitative analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladislav Spitsin ◽  
Alexander Mikhalchuk ◽  
Irina Pavlova ◽  
Alexander Mikhalchuk ◽  
Irina Pavlova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
National Level ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Sharp Drop ◽  
Stable Conditions ◽  
Its Regions ◽  
Joint Ownership ◽  
Ownership Patterns

Research background: There has been an extensive process of foreign and joint ownership enterprises establishment in the Russian economy since 2006. Domestic manufacturing industry has been experiencing certain pressure on behalf of foreign direct investment bringing new technologies and higher labor requirements. Purpose of the article: The aim of this paper is to investigate differences in employment strategies and labor indicators in the case of enterprises in foreign and joint ownership (FJO) and domestic enterprises in Russian ownership (RO). We analyze the manufacturing industry in Russia and its regions under conditions of stable and crisis periods. Methods: The study enhances the analysis of Rosstat’s statistical data for 2005–2016 and applies ANOVA method to compare the employment results for companies with different ownership patterns. The research is carried out both at the national level of the Russian Federation and at the regional level according to the regions. Findings & Value added: The study identifies significant decline in employment and in-crease in productivity for the period of 2005–2016. In contrast to the crisis of 2008–2009, in 2014–2016 there has been no sharp drop in employment. However, there is a substantial decline in real salaries which is comparable to the crisis of 2008-2009. According to ANOVA, statistically significant differences in labor indicators between FJO and RO companies are manifested. RO companies dominate in employment and payroll funds, while FJO enter-prises have better productivity results with a higher average salary. FJO companies demonstrated faster growth in employment and payroll fund in relatively stable conditions (2012–2013). However, they reacted with a significant reduction in employment for a new crisis (2014–2016), although the creation of new FJO enterprises continued in separate regions of Russia. The results can be used in social policy to regulate the employment and earnings of industrial workers in the current economic conditions.

scholarly journals Labor indicators and manufacturing companies ownership patterns in Russia and its regions: results of quantitative analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-285
Author(s):  
Vladislav Spitsin ◽  
Alexander Mikhalchuk ◽  
Irina Pavlova ◽  
Alexander Mikhalchuk ◽  
Irina Pavlova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
National Level ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Sharp Drop ◽  
Stable Conditions ◽  
Its Regions ◽  
Joint Ownership ◽  
Ownership Patterns

Research background: There has been an extensive process of foreign and joint ownership enterprises establishment in the Russian economy since 2006. Domestic manufacturing industry has been experiencing certain pressure on behalf of foreign direct investment bringing new technologies and higher labor requirements. Purpose of the article: The aim of this paper is to investigate differences in employment strategies and labor indicators in the case of enterprises in foreign and joint ownership (FJO) and domestic enterprises in Russian ownership (RO). We analyze the manufacturing industry in Russia and its regions under conditions of stable and crisis periods. Methods: The study enhances the analysis of Rosstat’s statistical data for 2005–2016 and applies ANOVA method to compare the employment results for companies with different ownership patterns. The research is carried out both at the national level of the Russian Federation and at the regional level according to the regions. Findings & Value added: The study identifies significant decline in employment and in-crease in productivity for the period of 2005–2016. In contrast to the crisis of 2008–2009, in 2014–2016 there has been no sharp drop in employment. However, there is a substantial decline in real salaries which is comparable to the crisis of 2008-2009. According to ANOVA, statistically significant differences in labor indicators between FJO and RO companies are manifested. RO companies dominate in employment and payroll funds, while FJO enter-prises have better productivity results with a higher average salary. FJO companies demonstrated faster growth in employment and payroll fund in relatively stable conditions (2012–2013). However, they reacted with a significant reduction in employment for a new crisis (2014–2016), although the creation of new FJO enterprises continued in separate regions of Russia. The results can be used in social policy to regulate the employment and earnings of industrial workers in the current economic conditions.

Differentiating aspects of product innovation processes in the food industry

2014 ◽  
Vol 116 (8) ◽  
pp. 1346-1368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rao Sanaullah Khan ◽  
John Vincent Grigor ◽  
Alan G. Win ◽  
Mike Boland
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Food Manufacturing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Innovation Processes ◽  
Group 1

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to sketch a comparative account of NPD approaches between registered New Zealand food companies that are doing some sort of functional foods (FF) development (Group 1) and those that are not (Group 2); to generate a better understanding of differences and commonalities in their NPD approaches from resource-based view of competitive advantage. Design/methodology/approach – This paper opted an exploratory approach using a quantitative survey across food manufacturing companies in New Zealand. The primary foci of this empirical investigation were: orientation towards the NPD, innovation processes, collaborative NPD links and routes to commercialisation. Findings – The results (based on a 22 per cent response rate) show a significant difference (p<0.05) in the aims and mode of NPD between Groups 1 and 2. Further it was observed that food companies in Group 1 have significantly (p<0.05) more diverse external collaborations with broader aims to collaborate, in comparison with food companies in Group 2. Research limitations/implications – This study was conducted in New Zealand and thus generalisability of the findings may have to be interpreted carefully. Practical implications – The traditional NPD approach (independent and closed NPD), with loose intellectual property protection practices, dominates the food manufacturing industry in New Zealand. Research-oriented collaborations need to be strengthened in their scope and content to develop the innovative capabilities and capacities of small and medium enterprises (SME's) within future value-added food productions. Originality/value – This research provides the comparative narration of innovation process of food manufacturing companies with reference to FFs development.

scholarly journals How Technological Innovation Affect China’s Pharmaceutical Smart Manufacturing Industrial Upgrading

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Su Wang ◽  
Yuwen Chen
Keyword(s):  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Pharmaceutical Manufacturing ◽  
Smart Manufacturing ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Industrial Upgrading ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Innovative Resources

In recent years, a new generation of information technology has provided sufficient technical support for the smart manufacturing industry. In order to promote the upgrading of China’s pharmaceutical smart manufacturing industry, the direction of industrial upgrading and transformation will be discussed from the perspective of technological innovation. According to the input and output data of technological innovation in China’s pharmaceutical manufacturing industry from 2007 to 2019, the DEA method is used to analyze the allocation of innovative resources in China’s pharmaceutical manufacturing industry in recent years. The study found that the efficiency of technological innovation in China’s pharmaceutical manufacturing industry fluctuated greatly from 2007 to 2019, with a low overall level and varying degrees of wasted resources. On this basis, an in-depth analysis of the system architecture of the pharmaceutical smart manufacturing industry under the Industry 4.0 environment was performed. Finally, four paths for the digital transformation of China’s pharmaceutical manufacturing industry are proposed. Chinese pharmaceutical manufacturing companies need to use new technologies to carry out comprehensive intelligent upgrading and digital transformation to improve innovation efficiency.

scholarly journals Sustainable development of regions in Ukraine: before and after the beginning of the conflict

Equilibrium ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inna Semenenko ◽  
Ruslan Halhash ◽  
Kseniia Sieriebriak
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
National Level ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Military Conflict ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Its Regions ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Impact

Research background: Sustainable development is the agenda for many countries including Ukraine, which adopted it at the national level and promoted through its regions. As the country is constantly struggling with the results of the military conflict and the impact of the occupation of its part by separatists, which led to economic decrease and emergence of numerous social and environmental issues, the transition of Ukraine to sustainable development path becomes especially important. At the same time, there is no official methodology adopted by the Ukrainian government, how to assess sustainable development of its regions. Availability of objective assessments would contribute to development of the relevant policy recommendations. Purpose of the article: The purpose of the article is to assess sustainable development of the regions in Ukraine and to show the dynamics of performance of the regions before and after the beginning of the military conflict in the East of Ukraine. Methods: We suggest the methodology of calculation of the integral index of sustainable development of the regions in Ukraine. This methodology takes into account the three pillars of sustainable development concept (economic, social and environmental) and uses the data available for all Ukrainian regions from the official statistics source. In order to determine the position of individual regions in the development of the Ukrainian economy and to identify certain groups of regions according to their level of sustainable development, we apply the method of statistical grouping. Findings & Value added: The conducted analyses showed the dynamics of indicators of sustainable development of the Ukrainian regions, the performance of the regions and their affiliation to the corresponding attributive groups. The situation and interrelation of the regions in Ukraine totally changed after the beginning of the military conflict in the East of Ukraine. The Luhansk and Donetsk regions, which are directly affected by the military conflict, became the outsiders among other regions in Ukraine, though before the conflict the values of sustainable development indicators had been above the average values in Ukraine. The leaders among the regions also changed, and the difference between the leaders and the following groups became significant. The results of the analyses allowed to visualize the dynamics of sustainable development of the regions in Ukraine and define the key directions for future development.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Kinerja Keuangan Terhadap Return Saham Pada Beberapa Industri Manufaktur yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-103
Author(s):  
Kurniaty Kurniaty ◽  
Aris Setia Noor
Keyword(s):  
Stock Returns ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Financial Reports ◽  
Return On Equity

This study aims to determine the effect of financial performance on stock returns in the manufacturing companies in the consumer goods industry sector which are listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2014 to 2016 simultaneously or partially. The variables used in this study are Return On Assets (X1), Return On Equity (X2), Economic Value Added (X3) as the independent variable and Stock return as the dependent variable.Samples were taken as many as 20 manufacturing industry companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during 2014 to 2016. The data used are financial reports from each sample company which are published on the website ww.idx.co.id. the data analysis method used in this study is a quantitative method by testing classic assumptions, and statistical analysis is multiple linear regression analysis. The sampling method used was purposive sampling.

scholarly journals Canvas B.M. in the global revolutionary era of digitisation in the industry 4.0: A review

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 04006
Author(s):  
Petra Domanižová ◽  
Nikola Janíčková
Keyword(s):  
Business Model ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Revolutionary Era ◽  
Digital World

Research background: Industry 4.0, also known as the Fourth Industrial Revolution, describes the digitisation of the manufacturing industry. The transition to 4.0 is crucial for manufacturing companies to maintain a competitive advantage and take advantage of new opportunities. This article contributes to research with a framework for the description, analysis, and classification of Canvas B.M. for 4.0. Purpose of the article: The following report provides a review of the literature to expand our knowledge of how Industry 4.0 affects business models. This article aims to specify and map the level of knowledge about the Canvas business model and its application in the new revolutionary era of the digital world in the manufacturing industry 4.0. The findings deepen the understanding of how 4.0 affects the manufacturing industry, B.M., and the behaviour of the current economic environment. Methods: A literature review. Then the comparison of the author’s views on the use of the business model, innovation, and adaptation under the influence of digitisation. The literature survey was conducted in articles indexed in the Web of Science and Scopus to carry out a critical analysis of collected data and the exposition of some conclusions and future research opportunities. Findings & value added: A lot of research in the field of industry 4.0 using Canvas B.M., but very often, the view of the Czech business environment is neglected. Focusing on this area may lead to future research. This literary review focuses on the latest literature.

scholarly journals Industry 4.0 in a dualistic manufacturing sector – qualitative experiences from enterprises and their environment, Eastern Hungary

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-174
Author(s):  
Csongor Nagy ◽  
Ernő Molnár ◽  
Éva Kiss
Keyword(s):  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Corporate Structure ◽  
East Central Europe ◽  
Global Industry ◽  
Domestic Companies

Industry 4.0 developing on the basis of digitalisation is gradually transforming production, the conditions of competition and relationships in global industry, affecting its interpretation and expanding its limits. This paper attempts to explore changing economic geographical context with the revaluation of comparative and competitive advantages in a semi-peripheral area of the EU. Based on company interviews, the effects of the new technologies of Industry 4.0 on the dual Hungarian manufacturing industry and its spatial structure are studied, and that whether they contribute to the reduction of duality and geographical polarization. In Eastern Hungary – just like in most areas in East-Central Europe – internationally competitive manufacturing companies emerged almost exclusively as a result of foreign direct investment, while domestic companies are forced into secondary or dependent roles. The empirical research has revealed significant differences in the progress of companies in Industry 4.0. Hungarian-owned companies evolve in a specific way from several aspects and face many difficulties. In contrast, enterprises with foreign interest continue to be the engine of development, driven from the “outside”. Duality is also reflected in the corporate structure, in space and in the realisation of Industry 4.0.

scholarly journals Intellectual Capital and the Performance of Manufacturing Companies in Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahmat Setiawan ◽  
Budi Yuda Prawira
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Manufacturing Industries ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Asset Return ◽  
Return On Equity ◽  
Structural Capital

This study aimed at examining the effect of intellectual capital and its components covering value added capital employed, value added human capital, and structural capital value added on the firm performance. Intellectual capital was measured by using Pulic’s model, while the firm performance was measured by return on asset, return on equity, and market-to- book ratio. The samples used in this study were 103 manufacturing industries and we also investigated every subsector of the manufacturing industries including 51 basic and chemical industries, 30 miscellaneous industries, and 22 consumer goods industry listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange during the period of 2012 up to 2016. Multiple regression analysis was used to test the hypothesis. The result of the study showed that intellectual capital had a significant positive effect on return on asset, return on equity, and market-to-book intellectual capital on the firm performance in each subsector of the manufacturing industry. Value added capital employed as a component of intellectual capital was the most influential component on the firm performance. This findings indicated that a firm with great and well managed of capital employed, allowing a firm to improve their performance.

Labour 4.0: developing competences for smart production

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Astrid Heideman Lassen ◽  
Brian Vejrum Vejrum Waehrens
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Competence Development ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Industrial Transformation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Development Framework

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to determine how companies develop and acquire competences to capture the benefits of Industry 4.0 (I4.0) technologies. The authors argue that this is a fundamental and often overlooked prerequisite for industrial transformation. Design/methodology/approach The authors conduct a process study of 33 small- and medium-sized companies engaged in the transformation of a manufacturing industry from the different perspectives of manufacturers or manufacturing solution providers. Findings Key findings indicate a strong link between the specific competence development approach, the specific intricacies of the application domain and the process outcomes. On this basis, a competence development framework is proposed. Research limitations/implications The conclusions are drawn from a Danish population of companies in the manufacturing industry and are based on particular contingencies, such as low volume/high mix, high skill, low tech and high cost. However, the findings are believed to be applicable across different sets of contingencies where the need to combine legacy and emerging technologies is present, and where the human factor is central to leveraging technology beyond predefined supplier specifications. Practical implications In a time of extraordinary investments in the manufacturing of technologies in support of digital transformation, the development of strategic and operational competences to support these investments is lagging behind. This paper develops a conceptual outset for closing this gap. Originality/value The research is based on the fundamental argument that to efficiently apply new technology, a strategic approach to the acquisition of new knowledge and skills is required. The empirical research demonstrates that new skills and knowledge are often assumed to follow automatically from the use of new technologies. However, we demonstrate that this perspective in fact limits the ability to capture the potential benefits ascribed to I4.0 technologies. The authors propose that the competence strategy needs to be expansive and cover not only the technological competences but also the organizational- and individual-level competences. These results add to our understanding of how the digital transformation of manufacturing companies unfolds.

scholarly journals Spreading degree assessment of information and communication technologies in Ukraine and its regions

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Podluzhna
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Intellectual Development ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
National Level ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Commercial Activity ◽  
Diffusion Of Knowledge ◽  
Its Regions ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Wide Scale

Achievements of economics of knowledge (EK) on regional and national level are only possible through active application of information and communication technologies (ICT) in production and commercial activity of enterprises. It is on the basis of new technologies used in business that the processes of generation, accumulation, utilization and diffusion of knowledge are accelerated among enterprise personnel and partners, additional opportunities are provided for their economic and intellectual development, and innovation prospects are opened with the development of e-strategies. The purpose of the article is to determine the tendencies concerning ICT application processes in enterprises’ production and commercial activity that favor the formation of economics of knowledge in the country and its regions. The object of the study is the activity of Ukrainian business and the processes of information and communication technologies within it. In order to achieve the stated purpose the methods of integration and grouping of statistical data, and also of generalization and logics, as well as tables and graphic materials are used in the article. Such methods allowed to identify tendencies in the processes of informatization and computer business, personnel attraction to advanced technologies, to use local and wide-scale corporative nets, to apply Internet network and social media for production purposes, to master technical skills by personnel for the sake of the opportunity to spread information and communicative technologies in all kinds of activity of enterprises. Based on the defined tendencies and peculiarities of information and communication technologies, the various measures are proposed in order to increase their application effectiveness to promote the quick formation of economics of knowledge in the country and its regions.

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