scholarly journals LOCALITY OF FORMING WINTERING RIVERBED DEPRESSION IN IRTYSH RIVER

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (4) ◽  
pp. 7-21
Author(s):  
Andrey Aleksandrovich Chemagin
Keyword(s):  
Water Area ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Fish Density ◽  
Endangered Fish ◽  
Rational Use ◽  
Biological Resources ◽  
Control Section ◽  
Irtysh River ◽  
Riverbed Depression ◽  
The Irtysh River

The article describes a new locality of the formed wintering riverbed depression discovered in the erosion zone of the isthmus of conjugate meanders of the Irtysh river for the rational use and effective protection of aquatic biological resources in places of their concentration in the Irtysh river basin (Western Siberia, the Russian Federation. The morphology of the riverbed depression was mapped (relief and bathymetric maps). The maximum depths in the channel depression exceeded 27 m. The channel depression and 4 control river sections were studied. The analysis of hydroacoustic surveys showed that in the wintering riverbed depression there is, according to the statistical data, higher fish density compared to the control areas: in the water area of the riverbed depression the average fish density made 4 524 species/ha, in the control sections 245-2091 sp./ha. The cluster analysis based on the fish density and the size-taxonomic composition of the ichthyofauna has revealed that the riverbed depression is being separated into a cluster, but at the same time goes to the control section No. 4, which is located downstream, where further erosion of the river channel is registered. In this regard, the minimum protection zone of the wintering channel depression should include the water area of the channel depression and the water area of control section No. 4. In the water areas of the riverbed depression and control sections in the spring period, cyprinids dominate - up to 65% of the total number of fish, percids are represented to a lesser extent - 36.76%, coregonids and pikes - up to 18.18, sturgeons - up to 9.31%. The given locality of the wintering riverbed depression must be included in the list of protected river sections of the Fishing Rules for the West Siberian fishery basin for developing the effective strategy for the protection, restoration and rational use of aquatic biological resources, including rare and endangered fish species of the Irtysh River and the whole Ob-Irtysh basin

scholarly journals DISTRIBUTION OF FISH IN THE PREDATOR-PREY SYSTEM IN THE RIVERBED DEPRESSION OF THE LOWER IRTYSH

2017 ◽  
pp. 76-84
Author(s):  
Andrey Aleksandrovich Chemagin
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Water Column ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Bottom Surface ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Prey System ◽  
Irtysh River ◽  
Riverbed Depression ◽  
Distribution Of Fish ◽  
The Irtysh River

The article presents are features of the horizontal and vertical distribution of fish in the water area of the Kondinskaya riverbed depression in the lower reaches of the Irtysh River (Tyumen region, Russia). There have been considered horizons of the water column from the surface to the bottom: surface-pelagic horizon (< 10 m), 1st pelagic horizon (10-20 m), 2nd pelagic horizon (20-30 m), and bottom-pelagic horizon (> 30 m). Hydroacoustic survey was conducted using a software and hardware complex "AsCor" on board a small ship that moved in tacks (zigzags). The recorded information, including the GPS track, processed with special application software "AsCor". Taxonomic belonging to the families was determined remotely - by the type of the reflected sound. According to the data of echometric sensing, main part of fish population on the studied water area was presented by carp species (Cyprinidae) - 66.81%, perch species (Percidae) - 23.77%, cisco species (Coregonidae) - 5.60%, unrecognized species (sturgeon (Acipenseridae)), eelpout species (Lotidae), pike species (Esocidae)) - 3.82% of the registered plurality of fish. All fish groups of the registered mass in terms of abundance have been distributed predominantly in the surface and 1-st pelagic horizons of the water column of the riverbed depression. The difference in the distribution of registered taxonomic fish groups in the vertical aspect from the surface to the bottom is different: in planktivorous fishes more than 190 times, in predatory fishes from 10 to 27 times. A more even distribution of predatory species reduces their aggressive interaction - interspecific and intraspecific competition. There has been revealed a tendency to decrease the percentage of planktivorous species (Cyprinidae) in each succeeding horizon in direction from the surface to the bottom; for Percidae and Coregonidae species and a group of unrecognized fishes it was established, vice versa, in the direction from the bottom to the surface. Due to the wedge-shaped decrease of the living space in the riverbed, the general tendency of a decrease in the number of fish has been registered in the direction of deeper horizons. There has been noted the statistical reliability of differences in the vertical distribution for all registered fish groups. The features of the fish distribution in the predator-prey system on the Irtysh river section with heterogeneous conditions of the aquatic environment (intensive ascending currents and funnels, significant depth changes) characterize it as a "window of antipredation".

scholarly journals CHARACTERISTIC OF HARD TO IDENTIFY GENUS ACIPENSER SPECIES IN THE IRTYSH RIVER

2018 ◽  
pp. 90-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey Stepanovich Aldokhin ◽  
Gleb Igorevich Volosnikov
Keyword(s):  
Water Area ◽  
Bone Plates ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Summer Period ◽  
Sturgeon Species ◽  
Irtysh River ◽  
June July ◽  
The Irtysh River

In the summer period (June-July) of 2018 on the Irtysh river (the Tobolsk region) in the control catches of sterlet there were found specimens with pronounced differences from individuals inhabiting this water area. Differences were found in the form of bone plates and linear-weight characteristics. Later, local fishermen reported on many cases of specimens having the above differences. Reports about the similar species came from the Uvat region. In order to establish the belonging of these individuals to a particular family there have been investigated meristic features which are considered diagnostic for sturgeon species, as well as for hybrids. In the result of the study there was made a conclusion about belonging of these specimens to the genus Acipenser and, most likely, to the sterlet species.

scholarly journals Training of Specialists for the Rational Use and Protection of Aquatic Biological Resources

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00142
Author(s):  
Elena Pafnutova ◽  
Irina Shirokorad ◽  
Olesya Fadeeva ◽  
Olga Oleksenko ◽  
Elena Zhelonkina
Keyword(s):  
Water Structure ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Nature Management ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Rational Use ◽  
Biological Resources ◽  
Fundamental Factor ◽  
Business Entities

The environmental safety of surface waters is the main condition for preserving biodiversity, the health of the population, and sustainable developed areas. Aquatic biological resources belong to the closed system of the planet’s water space. Therefore, clean water problems and the protection of aquatic ecosystems are becoming more and more acute as civilization develops and the technological impact on the environment intensifies. Effective, rational use and management of water, land, biological resources are impossible without the training of qualified specialized specialists. Today, in modern Russia, the sectoral nature of the management of educational institutions of higher education (universities) is preserved. About a third of students in state universities study at universities of industry departments. The largest number of specialists in demand in agriculture, forestry, and water management, including nature management, technosphere safety, environmental engineering, are trained in agricultural universities. It is the agrarian branch education that effectively builds the implementation of training directions in order to provide professional assistance to business entities specializing in the use of aquatic biological resources, monitoring and environmental protection measures of water bodies, the purity of the water area (water structure, pollution, distribution of aquaculture) in various hydro-climatic conditions. The fundamental factor in the interaction of production, water use, land use, and education is the existence of an established mechanism that supports the functioning of universities as communication platforms for improving socioeconomic relations, including as a “thought factory.” The development of a strategy, forecast, assessments of the development of aquatic biological and other resources in all territories of the country is due to the demand from business entities for the training of personnel of particular professions and qualifications and research and development in the relevant field.

scholarly journals ECOLOGICAL RISK OF A SAND QUARRY EXCAVATION IN THE RIVERBED

2018 ◽  
pp. 7-16
Author(s):  
Andrey Stepanovich Aldokhin ◽  
Andrey Aleksandrovich Chemagin
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Biological Indicators ◽  
Fish Population ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Fish Density ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Sturgeon Species ◽  
Size Groups ◽  
Taxonomic Groups

The article describes the potential negative consequences of hydraulicking a sand quarry in the Irtysh channel: vibration and noise impact on fish and hydrobionts, changes in the bathymetric and hydrological characteristics of the riverbed, increased turbidity, secondary pollution of water and bottom sediments, and deterioration of the hydrochemical regime. The projected quarry will be located in the riverbed of the Irtysh in the Tobolsk District of the Tyumen Region, at a distance of 5 and 10 km upstream from two wintering holes - Nizhne-Filatovskaya and Nadtsinskaya, which are of great importance for preserving the aquatic biological resources. To prevent possible negative consequences for the fish population, including sturgeon species, it has been proposed to conduct monitoring studies. There is given a list of physical, chemical and biological indicators that should be monitored during the quarry operation: fish density, proportion of fish taxonomic groups and size groups, content of oxygen dissolved in water, content of heavy metals and oil products in water and sediments, turbidity, bathymetric characteristics. Using Horiba, a multi-parameter system of water quality assessment, and AsCor and PanCor hydroacoustic complexes there have been studied the initial indicators of water turbidity and fish density in the water area adjacent to the site of the projected quarry, as well as taxonomic composition of the fish population. Additionally, in order to minimize damage to fisheries, it has been proposed to limit the period of quarry operation by the time of its drying in the period of low water - from 2d decade of August to October.

scholarly journals Distribution of sturgeon in the River Irtysh

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Chemagin
Keyword(s):  
Size Structure ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Fish Density ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Result Show ◽  
Body Sizes ◽  
Software And Hardware ◽  
And Control ◽  
Riverbed Depression ◽  
Distribution Of Fish

Using the modern hydroacoustic methods and the computerized software and hardware complex “AsCor”, the features of the distribution of fish of the Acipenseridae family in the lower reaches of the large transboundary river the Irtysh (Western Siberia) have been investigated: in the water area of the riverbed depression (turbulent flow) and control sections (laminar flow). The identification of sturgeon was carried out by the echometric method according to the shape of the swim bladder. It is shown that in the water area of the riverbed depression, increased density of fish is formed, the share of sturgeons being 4.9–5.8%. Among other fish species, the group of cyprinids always dominates. The significant excess of the average fish density in the riverbed depression, in contrast to the control, was 6–30 times. In the water area of the riverbed depression, the average fish density was 4,524, in the control sections 245–2,091 individuals/ha. The size structure of the group of sturgeon in the control sections was represented by individuals with body sizes less than 25–30 cm, and in the riverbed depression – by individuals of different sizes and ages with a body length to 35 cm. The water area of the riverbed depression is located in the meandering section of the river and is characterized by intense vertical vortex structures (whirlpools) and the presence of malfunctioning currents. Features of the hydrological characteristics of the riverbed depression are factors in the formation of aggregations of fish, since fish can use the energy of discrete vortices, low-velocity areas, and as a result, show preference for certain turbulence regimes.

scholarly journals Fish distribution in riverbed depression and conjugated reservoirs (effects of lighting and turbulence)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (4) ◽  
pp. 42-54
Author(s):  
Andrey Aleksandrovich Chemagin
Keyword(s):  
Open Water ◽  
Fish Population ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Predatory Fish ◽  
Dark Time ◽  
Risk Of Predation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Irtysh River ◽  
Riverbed Depression ◽  
The Irtysh River

The paper describes the studies carried out by the hydroacoustic method in the open water period (spring) in the water area of the riverbed depression of the Irtysh River and its conju-gated water bodies (Western Siberia, the Russian Federation) in 2017. Collectively investigated reservoirs form a laminar-turbulent system, as they vary in intensity and direction of currents which form a certain turbulence and turbidity. It has been stated that in the dark time the fish population density increases in the waters of the reservoir with the maximal turbulence and turbidity rates - 166 NTU (the Irtysh river), and decreases in other water bodies (in the Konda river - 20.75 NTU and in the lentic section of the riverbed depression - 25 NTU). In the waters of conjugate reservoirs an increasing share of cyprinids is accompanying by a decrease in the proportion of predatory fish, while with an increase in predatory fish, on the contrary, the proportion of cyprinids decreases. A significant difference (P < 0.001) in terms of fish density was noted in the dark time. It was found that of the two factors (time of the day and turbulence) the second factor has a significant reliable effect (F = 18.518; P < 0.001) on the variable of fish population average density, both factors reliably interacting (F = 3.982; P = 0.037). There has been shown a transition of non-predatory fish to the site that is visually and hydrodynamically the most difficult for finding prey, which seems to be an element of reducing the risk of predation. Thus, there was found a significant influence of an abiotic factor of turbulence and, consequently, arising turbidity when interacting with the illumination factor on forming the increased fish concentration in the waters of the riverbed depression during the open water period.

scholarly journals Daily dynamics of vertical distribution and amount of sturgeons in riverbed depression in summer-autumn period

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (4) ◽  
pp. 55-69
Author(s):  
Andrey Stepanovich Aldokhin ◽  
Andrey Aleksandrovich Chemagin
Keyword(s):  
Water Column ◽  
Vertical Migration ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Fish Distribution ◽  
Vertical Position ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Level Regime ◽  
Total Fish ◽  
Irtysh River ◽  
Riverbed Depression

The article presents the results of studying the fish distribution in the water column of the riverbed depression using remote echometric sounding with a software-hardware acoustic system with a vertical view. The study was conducted in the lower reaches of the Irtysh River. In the appointed period (July-October) under a decrease in the level regime and water temperature the increasing density of fish in the water area of the riverbed depression is explained by fish gathering in the period preceding wintering. The share of sturgeons varied from 5.46 to 10.28% of the total fish density, the indicators of which were in the range 1.70-5.05 thousand sp/ha in the daytime, 2.78-6.77 thousand sp/ha in the night. There has been stated the daily vertical migration of sturgeons, which is more uniform throughout the water column in the night, including the near-surface and near-bottom water horizons. In the dark near-surface water horizons are most intensively explored by large fish (25-30, 30-35, > 35 cm). The trigger of the daily vertical migration of sturgeons is supposed to be the light brightness, despite the poor eyesight of the fish under study, i.e. changing vertical position of sturgeons occurs due to endogenous circadian rhythms, as in many hydrobionts. The recorded features of sturgeon distribution because of preference of the direction and intensity of various factors can contribute to the optimization of bioenergy losses in hard turbulent conditions of riverbed depressions.

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