Idioms in Russian spontaneous speech used by non-native speakers: do they exist or not? (About the linguistic creativity of non-native speakers)

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 499-510
Author(s):  
N.V. Bogdanova-Beglarian
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Spontaneous Speech

He who Hesitates: Hesitation Phenomena as Quality Control in Speech Production, Obstacles in Non-Native Speech Perception

2000 ◽  
Vol 182 (3) ◽  
pp. 72-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marnie Reed
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Speech Production ◽  
Speech Processing ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Spontaneous Speech ◽  
Classification Framework ◽  
Native Speech ◽  
Control Devices ◽  
Content Processing ◽  
Hesitation Phenomena

This study was designed to determine the nature and occurrence of hesitation phenomena in spontaneous speech of native and non-native speakers, and to determine whether and to what extent the hesitation phenomena normal in spontaneous speech pose perception problems for non-native speakers. A quantitative analysis reveals that hesitation phenomena are ubiquitous in both native and non-native speech production. A qualitative analysis based on a content-processing classification framework reveals the function of hesitations. Hesitations act as overt traces of prospective and retrospective speech-processing tasks which function to forestall errors, and to permit detection and repair of errors once they are committed. Hesitations are quality control devices; native and non-native speakers are highly successful utilizing them to forestall errors. However, hesitation phenomena clearly pose perception problems for non-native speakers who show little evidence of recognizing them as such. Like native speakers, non-native speakers produce hesitation phenomena. Unlike native speakers, who edit and filter out the hesitations they hear, non-native speakers attempt to assign meaning to speakers' faulty output or to parenthetical remarks. Hesitations are unpredictable in their frequency or occurrence; failure to provide training in these oral discourse features of connected speech may result in non-native speakers whose speech production vastly outstrips their perception.

scholarly journals On the Moraic Weight Representation of Geminates in Taguinian Algerian Arabic

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Meymouna Bourzeg ◽  
Radwan S. Mahadin
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Native Speaker ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Spontaneous Speech ◽  
Minimality Condition ◽  
Tape Recording ◽  
Minimal Size ◽  
Note Taking ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Spoken Arabic

This study sheds light on the moraic representation of geminates in Taguinian Spoken Arabic (TSA), a dialect of Algerian Arabic. The examined data were primarily provided by the first researcher who is a native speaker of the variety under scrutiny. To increase data reliability, the spontaneous speech of five Taguinian native speakers was analyzed by means of note taking and tape recording. The researchers support geminates’ moraicity in TSA by proffering three pieces of evidence, namely bimoraic word minimality condition, word stress, and long vowel shortening before geminates. A systematic analysis of the data via the use of optimality framework comes out with the following findings. First, the presence of CVG words demonstrates that geminates, in this variety, are underlyingly weight bearing since the minimal size of prosodic words is bimoraic. Second, the mechanism by which stress is attracted to CVG syllables proves that CVG syllables are heavy syllables wherein its second mora is carried by the geminate consonant. Third, the non-cooccurrence of long vowels and geminate consonants within the same syllable is another proof for the moraicity of geminates as trimoraic syllables are banned in TSA.

scholarly journals The acquisition of verb morphology by a group of spanish monolingual children

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
Luz Marina Vásquez
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Spontaneous Speech ◽  
Verb Morphology ◽  
Number Agreement ◽  
Spanish Speaking ◽  
Verb Forms ◽  
Irregular Verbs

Spanish has a rich verb inflectional system with up to 53 inflectional verb forms distributed between regular and irregular verbs and in which roots are always bound, as verbs must contain markings for person, tense/aspect, and number. The acquisition of verb morphology by native speakers reportedly reflects this complexity in that children produce multiple non-target-like forms wherein tense, person, and number errors are found. This study reports all verb forms identified in the spontaneous speech by a group of 15 native Spanish-speaking children ages 3;6 to 5;6. The analysis of all 233 verb forms analyzed revealed some pronunciation errors, number agreement errors, errors in the use of clitic pronouns, and incorrect use of person and tense agreement.  The majority of non-target-like forms identified consisted of regularization of verb forms wherein regular conjugation morphemes were attached to irregular verbs. A few –ar type verbs additionally showed ir-regularization of regular verbs, as children used conjugations which apply to irregular verbs with regular verbs.  

scholarly journals Syntactic Maxi-Accidents in Spontaneous Speech of Middle-Class Speakers of English

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2 (20)) ◽  
pp. 38-49
Author(s):  
Karen Velyan
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Spontaneous Speech ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Native Speakers Of English

Spontaneous spoken language is known to be rich in fragmented and nonintegrated chunks of speech. The latter are the result of syntactic “accidents”, which are indispensible elements of spontaneous talk. Caused by a variety of pragmatic factors, syntactic accidents differ in their formal, lexical, and distributional features. With these features in view, we single out three main varieties of syntactic accidents: 1. maxi-accidents, 2. mini-accidents and 3. micro-accidents, which collectively constitute one whole paradigm. Within the framework of the present article, the main focus of the analysis is on maxi-accidents in spontaneous talk of middle-class native speakers of English. Based on the empirical data, the analysis outlines the key functional properties of maxi-accidents, such as their frequency of occurrence, positional characteristics and pragmatic reasons that lie behind maxi-accidents.

Disfluencies in learner speech

1992 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liz Temple
Keyword(s):  
Language Learners ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Processing Time ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Spontaneous Speech ◽  
Controlled Processes ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
And Control

Abstract Disfluent phenomena such as pauses, hesitations and repairs, are investigated in a corpus of forty-two short samples of spontaneous speech of native French speakers and learners of French. Significant quantitative differences between native speakers and learners were found and interpreted in the light of Bialystok’s and McLaughlin’s theories of language processing and the two key concepts of automaticity and control. A greater requirement of processing time on the part of the language learners was attributed to their greater use of controlled processes. An analysis of lexical and syntactic selection and repair was carried out to determine where control was applied. While native speakers were attending to the construction of the referent, learners were more concerned with syntactic construction.

scholarly journals Speech Intelligibility During Clinical and Low Frequency

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
John J. Sidtis ◽  
Diana Van Lancker Sidtis ◽  
Ritesh Ramdhani ◽  
Michele Tagliati
Keyword(s):  
Speech Intelligibility ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Voice Quality ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Spontaneous Speech ◽  
Quality Ratings ◽  
Low Frequency Stimulation ◽  
Frequency Stimulation ◽  
Native Speakers Of English ◽  
Stn Dbs

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) has become an effective and widely used tool in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease (PD). STN-DBS has varied effects on speech. Clinical speech ratings suggest worsening following STN-DBS, but quantitative intelligibility, perceptual, and acoustic studies have produced mixed and inconsistent results. Improvements in phonation and declines in articulation have frequently been reported during different speech tasks under different stimulation conditions. Questions remain about preferred STN-DBS stimulation settings. Seven right-handed, native speakers of English with PD treated with bilateral STN-DBS were studied off medication at three stimulation conditions: stimulators off, 60 Hz (low frequency stimulation—LFS), and the typical clinical setting of 185 Hz (High frequency—HFS). Spontaneous speech was recorded in each condition and excerpts were prepared for transcription (intelligibility) and difficulty judgements. Separate excerpts were prepared for listeners to rate abnormalities in voice, articulation, fluency, and rate. Intelligibility for spontaneous speech was reduced at both HFS and LFS when compared to STN-DBS off. On the average, speech produced at HFS was more intelligible than that produced at LFS, but HFS made the intelligibility task (transcription) subjectively more difficult. Both voice quality and articulation were judged to be more abnormal with DBS on. STN-DBS reduced the intelligibility of spontaneous speech at both LFS and HFS but lowering the frequency did not improve intelligibility. Voice quality ratings with STN-DBS were correlated with the ratings made without stimulation. This was not true for articulation ratings. STN-DBS exacerbated existing voice problems and may have introduced new articulatory abnormalities. The results from individual DBS subjects showed both improved and reduced intelligibility varied as a function of DBS, with perceived changes in voice appearing to be more reflective of intelligibility than perceived changes in articulation.

scholarly journals Building connected discourse in non-native speech

Pragmatics ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 591-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yo-An Lee
Keyword(s):  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Spontaneous Speech ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Speaking Proficiency ◽  
Connected Discourse ◽  
Sequential Organization ◽  
Native Speech ◽  
Professional Fields

The demand for proficient non-native speakers (NNSs) of English has increased across professional fields in recent years. While speaking skills involve a complex array of factors and constraints, previous studies resorted to unexamined perceptions or intuitive impressions drawn from surface linguistic features. Particularly missing is close analytic descriptions of non-native discourse that is produced in spontaneous contexts. The present study investigates the process by which NNSs of English produce connected discourse as it unfolds in real-time. The ability to produce connected discourse is considered a hallmark of advanced speaking proficiency and this study therefore focuses on tracing the sequential organization of multiple utterances that NNSs produce in spontaneous speech. Following the principles of conversation analysis (CA), the present paper analyzes three sets of excerpts demonstrating the contingent choices that NNSs make in building connected discourse. The findings offer empirical resources for non-native professionals to identify the practicality and generality of connected discourse in real-time speech contexts.

Fluently disfluent?

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malte Belz ◽  
Simon Sauer ◽  
Anke Lüdeling ◽  
Christine Mooshammer
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Spontaneous Speech ◽  
Advanced Learners ◽  
Filled Pauses

Abstract In this article, we explore the disfluencies of advanced learners and native speakers of German in spontaneous speech. We focus on the frequency, form, and place of silent and filled pauses as well as self-repairs. Frequency significantly differs for silent pauses only. As to form, the distribution for both filled pauses and repair types significantly differs between the groups, while the proportion of within-repair hesitations (‘interregna’) is similar. For the neighbouring tokens of filled pauses, learners adhere to the pattern of their native language English, which is significantly different from the pattern we find for native German. Our results indicate that for some aspects of disfluencies, it seems that learners can adapt to a native-like pattern, while others are imported from the L1. Still others are significantly different from both the target and the native pattern. We present different possible explanations for all these cases.

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