scholarly journals Nativised English Lexemes and Semantic Shift in Malaysian English

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Nur Fatima Wahida Mohd Nasir
Keyword(s):  
Social Groups ◽  
Speech Community ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Semantic Shift ◽  
Survey Approach ◽  
Research Studies

In Malaysia, Malaysian English is a variety that is very much known by the speech community and commonly used for colloquial communication. Although many studies have been conducted in exploring the development of ME within various aspects, little research have focused on the development of English lexemes of semantic shift in ME. Thus, as empirical literatures in the field have shown that lexis and semantics are constantly evolving from time to time, it is imperative that more research studies should also be conducted to investigate on the identification of frequently used indigenized English lexemes as well as validating its meanings in the Malaysian context so that linguists and researchers will have a better understanding on the current lexical trends in Malaysia and so that more research can further explore other aspects of these current trending lexicals among different social groups in the Malaysian speech community. Based on a descriptive cross-sectional survey approach through the distribution of questionnaires, findings shows that frequently used English lexemes of semantic shift in ME are found to be under the category of informalization in ME and that most of the meanings of the words in the study were agreed by respondents. However, comments from the respondents also shows that several words could also have wider and deeper meanings in ME which is why this study suggests that further research studies can be conducted to investigate this phenomenon.

scholarly journals Internet Use among Community-Based Rehabilitation Workers in Bosnia and Herzegovina: A Cross-Sectional Survey

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 445-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Euson Yeung ◽  
Robert Balogh ◽  
Donald Cole ◽  
Djenana Jalovcic ◽  
Michel D. Landry
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Internet Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Community Based Rehabilitation

Dengue vaccine acceptance and associated factors in Indonesia: A community-based cross-sectional survey in Aceh

Vaccine ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (32) ◽  
pp. 3670-3675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harapan Harapan ◽  
Samsul Anwar ◽  
Abdul Malik Setiawan ◽  
R. Tedjo Sasmono
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Dengue Vaccine ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vaccine Acceptance

scholarly journals Over-the-Counter Drugs and Complementary Medications Use among Children in Southern Italy

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Pileggi ◽  
Valentina Mascaro ◽  
Aida Bianco ◽  
Maria Pavia
Keyword(s):  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Source Of Information

The use of nonprescription medicines (NPDs) for children illnesses without a doctor’s suggestion can lead to unnecessary medication use and is not free of risks. The aim of our study was to examine attitudes and practice of parents towards NPDs use for their children. We also investigated the conditions that may predict NPDs use. A cross-sectional survey was conducted on parents of children attending Community Based Pediatrician (CBP) consultation and data were collected through structured interviews. Positive attitude on NPDs use was reported by 71.4% of parents, and 61.5% of them had administered NPDs in the previous 6 months. Antipyretic drugs were the most frequently used medication class without the supervision of the CBP. A positive attitude towards NPDs was significantly more frequent in parents who did not use the CBP as the sole source of information about drugs. The study demonstrated a widespread use of NPDs in children in our context, supported by a substantial positive attitude towards their safety. However, considering potential harms related to some NPDs and the finding that most parents rely on CBP advice, role of CBP on appropriate use of NPDs by parents should be emphasized.

scholarly journals Prevalence of eczema among older persons: A population-based cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Vijayan Neena ◽  
Neelakandhan Asokan ◽  
Rajany Jose ◽  
A. Sarin
Keyword(s):  
Older Persons ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Community Based Interventions ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lichen Simplex Chronicus

Background: There are very few population-based studies on the prevalence of eczema among older persons Aims: To estimate the prevalence and types of eczema in those aged 65 years or more in the community and to evaluate the effectiveness of community-based interventions for case finding. Methods: In the first stage of this cross-sectional survey, trained health workers of a non-governmental organization surveyed the eligible population and identified persons likely to have eczema. In the second stage, dermatologists examined such persons to ascertain the diagnosis. Statistical analysis was done using Epi Info software version 7. Prevalence of eczema was expressed in percentages. Chi-square test was used for comparing the difference in prevalence of eczema in various age groups and sex. Results: Health workers identified 98 persons as possible cases of eczema after interviewing 385 older persons in the community. Among them 95 persons were examined by dermatologists and 44 were confirmed to have eczema (diagnostic accuracy of health workers = 46.3%).Point prevalence of eczema was 11.4% (44/385). Prevalence was similar in males and females. It was greater (18.2 %) among persons aged 81 years or more. Asteatotic eczema, gravitational eczema and lichen simplex chronicus were the more common types of eczema. Limitations: Possible underestimation of the prevalence rates due to limited medical knowledge of health workers; limited facilities for examination and investigations at the medical camps and home visits. Conclusion: There appears to be a considerable burden of eczema among older persons in the community. A community-based approach involving non-governmental organizations has the potential to identify cases and offer care close to their homes.

scholarly journals Prevalence of plasmodium, leptospira and rickettsia species in Northern Tanzania: a community based survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-207
Author(s):  
Jaffu O Chilongola ◽  
Elias J Sabuni ◽  
Eliakimu Paul Kapyolo
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Malaria Diagnosis ◽  
Plasmodium Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rickettsia Species ◽  
Northern Tanzania ◽  
Leptospira Spp ◽  
Study Sites

Background: The overlap of symptoms, geographic and seasonal co-occurrence of Plasmodium, Leptospira and Rickettsia infections makes malaria diagnosis difficult, increasing the chances of misdiagnosis. The paucity of data on the prevalence Plasmodium, Leptospira and Rickettsia infections contributes to an overly diagnosis of malaria. We aimed to determine the prevalence and distribution of Plasmodium, Leptospira and Rickettsia infections in northern Tanzania. Methods: A community based, cross sectional survey was conducted in two sites in Northern Tanzania. PCR was used to detect Plasmodium, Leptospira and Rickettsia infections. Results: The prevalence of P. falciparum and Leptospira spp were 31/128 (24.2%) and 3/128 (2.3%), respectively. No Rickettsia infection was detected in any of the two sites. Taking study sites separately, Plasmodium infection was detected in 31/63(49.2%) of participants in Bondo while Leptospira infection was detected in 3/65(4.6%) of participants in Magugu. Plasmodium was not detected in Magugu while no Leptospira infections were detected in Bondo. Fever was significantly associated with Plasmodium infection (χ2= 12.44, p<0.001) and age (χ2=17.44, p=0.000). Conclusion: Results from this study indicate Plasmodium infection as the main cause of fever in the studied sites. While Plasmodium and Leptospira contribute to fevers, Rickettsia infection is an insignificant cause of fever in Northern Tanzania. Keywords: Neglected Infectious Diseases; Plasmodium; Leptospira; Rickettsia; co-occurrence; Tanzania.

scholarly journals Utilisation of a community-based health facility in a low-income urban community in Ibadan, Nigeria

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayodeji M. Adebayo ◽  
Michael C. Asuzu
Keyword(s):  
Health Facility ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
North West

Background: Primary healthcare is established to ensure that people have access to health services through facilities located in their community. However, utilisation of health facilities in Nigeria remains low in many communities.Aim: To assess the utilisation of community-based health facility (CBHF) amongst adults in Ibadan, Nigeria.Settings: A low-income community in Ibadan North West Local Government Area of Oyo State.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a simple random sampling technique to select one adult per household in all 586 houses in the community. A semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect information on respondents’ sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge and utilisation of the CBHF. Data analysis included descriptive statistics and association testing using the Chi-square test at p = 0.05.Results: The mean age of the respondents was 46.5 ± 16.0 years; 46.0% were men and 81.0% married; 26% had no formal education and 38.0% had secondary-level education and above; traders constituted 52.0% of the sample; and 85.2% were of low socioeconomic standing; 90%had patronised the CBHF. The main reasons for non-utilisation were preference for general hospitals (13.8%) and self-medication (12.1%). Respondents who had secondary education and above, were in a higher socioeconomic class, who had good knowledge of the facility and were satisfied with care, utilised the CBHF three months significantly more than their counterparts prior to the study (p < 0.05). However, only satisfaction with care was found to be a significant predictor of utilisation of the CBHF.Conclusion: The utilisation of the CBHF amongst adults in the study setting is high, driven mostly by satisfaction with the care received previously. Self-medication, promoted by uncontrolled access to drugs through pharmacies and patent medicine stores, threatens this high utilisation.

scholarly journals Nutritional status of adolescent girls in Bangladesh: findings of a community based survey

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kabir Hossen ◽  
Fazlur Rahman ◽  
Saidur Rahman Mashreky
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Under Nutrition

Poverty, large population, socio- economic inequalities and inadequate access to proper health care facilities are the key causes of under nutrition in Bangladesh. Adolescents are the most vulnerable group for under nutrition and having great consequence as they will be parent in future. Studies on nutritional status of adolescent girls are fewer in number and have great effect for intervention. The objective of this study was to assess the nutritional status and predisposing factors of under nutrition among the adolescent girls in Bangladesh. A community-based cross-sectional survey was carried out from July to December 2013. Adolescent girls were the study population. Data was collected by face to face interview at household level. According to BMI category (kg/m2) the prevalence of under-weight (BMI<18.5) was found 65.9% and as per Gomez Classification (Weight for age), the prevalence of malnutrition was 48.2% (mild), 23.5% (moderate) and 2.8% (severe) categories and finally, as per Water Low Classification wasting found 16.6% (mild), 3.5%(moderate) and 0.2% severe categories. On the other hand, stunting found 39.6 % (mild), 9.2% (moderate) and 2.3% (severe) categories. Prevalence of under nutrition was found much higher (82.3%) among younger age group (?12 years). Higher prevalence of under-nutrition also found among the functionally illiterate adolescent girls, it was 75.8% and 51.3% among illiterate and literate group respectively. In both of the cases difference was statistically significant (p<0.001). The prevalence of illness found higher among under-weight adolescent girls in last two weeks compare to healthy adolescent girls both in rural and urban settings. This difference also found statistically significant (p<0.001). Under nourishment found higher among younger and low literate girls. Prevalence of other symptoms is also found higher among them.South East Asia Journal of Public Health Vol.6(1) 2016: 3-7

scholarly journals HIV Vaccine Preparedness among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Taiwan: Sociocultural and Behavioral Factors

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 232595821983228
Author(s):  
Deng-Min Chuang ◽  
Peter Adam Newman ◽  
James Weaver
Keyword(s):  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Hiv Vaccine ◽  
Sex Partners ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multiple Partners ◽  
Complementary Approach ◽  
Higher Educational Attainment ◽  
Sex With Men

In Taiwan, men who have sex with men (MSM) are at disproportionate risk of HIV infection. We examined awareness and acceptability of future HIV vaccines. From July to August 2014, we conducted a cross-sectional survey with MSM recruited through community-based organizations (CBOs) in 2 cities. Among 200 participants (mean age, 27.6 years), half reported multiple partners and one-third condomless anal sex (past 3 months); 12% were HIV-positive. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) use was reported by 42.7%. Over two-thirds (69.0%) were aware of HIV vaccine research, but less than half (43.8%) would accept an HIV vaccine if available. In multivariable analysis, higher educational attainment, >5 sex partners, and TCM use were positively associated with HIV vaccine awareness. Culturally informed HIV vaccine preparedness in Taiwan may be supported by a complementary approach to TCM and HIV prevention technologies, tailoring information for MSM with lower education and targeting those at high risk through gay-identified CBOs.

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