The Polonaise in Frédéric Chopin’s Works. Andante spianato and the Grande Polonaise Brillante Op.22

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 333-360
Author(s):  
Lioara Frățilă
Keyword(s):  
Substantial Contribution ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Musical Genre ◽  
Political Independence ◽  
New Form ◽  
Epic Poems

"The present study is focused on the musical genre of the polonaise and its particularities in Chopin’s creation, with precise reference to Andante Spianato and The Grande Polonaise Brillante, Op. 22. Chopin’s substantial contribution to the genre consists of the transformation of a gallant dance of conventional harmony into a veritable heroic chant of prodigious harmonies. Due to a proficient transformation of a folk motif, Chopin is able to introduce folklore in his major works, according to the larger trend of national awareness that required the artists’ return to the folklore sources of inspiration that were able to express the national yearning for freedom. Far from the solemnity of the courteous dance, these pieces become programmatic musical poems, sprung from the most noble of emotions, the love for one’s country. The nostalgic chromatics, diffused throughout Chopin’s entire creation, is augmented by the call for resistance in front of the historical events (Poland’s loss of political independence). The polonaises Chopin composed at maturity had a new form, transforming into veritable epic poems which depicted images of Poland’s heroic past as visions impregnated by lyric pathos and pain for the country’s troubled history. Although their common feature is the epic and grandiose tone, Chopin’s polonaises are extremely varied and versatile, characterized by grandeur and dramatism. The work proposed for analysis – Andante spianato in G Flat – is based on the principles of stanzas and variation and has the structure of two stanzas of A B type, followed by a Coda. Chopin added the coda as an introduction (only around 1843-1835, in Paris) to The Grande Polonaise Brillante, Op. 22 (composed in 1831). Although intensely contrasting, the two parts seem to be connected exactly by this difference. This is the process that describes the genesis of The Grande Polonaise Brillante prédécès d'un Andante Spianato Op 22. Keywords: polonaise, folklore, ornamentation, chromaticism, variation, rubato. "

scholarly journals Street Poetry in Interaction with (Living) Language

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jernej Kusterle
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Group ◽  
The United States ◽  
Urban Neighborhoods ◽  
Musical Genre ◽  
New Form ◽  
Punk Music

In the 1970s a new musical genre called rap appeared in the United States, continuing the tradition of rock and punk music. In about twenty years, this new form of protest poetry created global sociolinguistic changes because its presence helped shape a special social group with a special lexicon and grammar. Rap uses both standard and colloquial vocabulary and syntax. Its traditional origin in poor black urban neighborhoods justifies the use of the term street poetry.

An emerging “Islandian” sovereignty of non-self-governing islands

2017 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard Prinsen ◽  
Séverine Blaise
Keyword(s):  
New Caledonia ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Comparative Analyses ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Political Independence ◽  
The Status ◽  
New Form ◽  
Global Research

Comparative analyses have found that non-self-governing islands tend to have much better development indicators than sovereign islands. Perhaps unsurprisingly, since 1983 no non-self-governing island has acquired political independence. This paper argues that rather than merely maintaining the status quo with their colonial metropoles, non-self-governing islands are actively creating a new form of sovereignty. This creation of an “Islandian” sovereignty takes place against the backdrop of debates on the relevance of classic Westphalian sovereignty and emerging practices of Indigenous sovereignty. This paper reviews global research on the sovereignty of islands and from this review, develops an analytical framework of five mechanisms that drive the emerging Islandian sovereignty. This framework is tested and illustrated with a case study of the negotiations about sovereignty between New Caledonia and its colonial metropole, France.

STATE BORDER ISSUES IN THE MODERN HISTORY OF UZBEKISTAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 042-052
Author(s):  
Mirzokhid Rakhimov ◽  
Sadriddin Rakhimov
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Modern History ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Soviet Government ◽  
Territorial State ◽  
Political Independence ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Central Asian Republics

The formation and disintegration of the U.S.S.R. was one of the vital historical events of the 20th century. The Central Asian republics were established by the Soviet government in the 1920s and 1930s as a result of the national and territorial state delimitation, and the borders between them were provisional. As the republics obtained political independence, the process of defining state borders between the new sovereign countries began. This process turned out to be difficult for Uzbekistan, among others, but the republic was mostly able to mutually resolve interstate borders issues based on “uti possidetis.”

Seismic Vulnerability of Ancient Churches: II. Statistical Analysis of Surveyed Data and Methods for Risk Analysis

2004 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 395-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Lagomarsino ◽  
Stefano Podestà
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Damage Scenario ◽  
Collapse Mechanisms ◽  
Improvement Interventions ◽  
Specific Vulnerability ◽  
New Form ◽  
Detailed Level

In the context of a seismic prevention strategy, vulnerability analysis has the aim of acquiring knowledge of the buildings in a region, with particular reference to their predisposition to be damaged by an earthquake. The goal may be both at a territorial level, to assess the damage scenario expected after an earthquake of given intensity, and at a detailed level, as a support to the planning of seismic improvement interventions. The latter objective is very important for ancient churches, due to their architectural and historical value. They definitely need a more profound analysis. The survey with the new form proposed in Part I of this paper allows us to highlight the specific vulnerability with regard to the different collapse mechanisms that are typical of earthquakes, taking into account, if present, the damage due to historical events as an observed vulnerability.

scholarly journals German literary ballad: on the issue of the genre genesis

2020 ◽  
pp. 53-61
Author(s):  
A.A. Kozin
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
School Curriculum ◽  
Personal Life ◽  
National Literature ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Close Attention ◽  
Xviii Century ◽  
Secondary School Curriculum ◽  
Epic Poems

The main purpose of the article is to present the main stages of the development of the genre of literary ballades in Europe, which is directly related to the Russian ballade, and the ballads by V.A. Zhukovsky in particular, included in the secondary school Curriculum. The novelty of the study is due to the fact that the article views holistically the experiments of I.W. Goethe’s with folklore, L. Gleim’s with benkelzang; lyric-epic poems in the style of Rococo by L.G.K. Helti’s, the work of I. Leven’s, I.H. Gunter’s and G.A. Burger’s. Thus, when reviewing the main sources that influenced the building of the literary ballad genre in Germany, the folklore, literary, historical, biographical and parody aspects were clearly identified. In the analysis, the principles of cultural-historical, psychological, comparative methods, and the mythological school were used together. The article deals with the German ballade, because it was the poets of Germany of the XVIII century who paid close attention to the genre. The XVIII century for Germany is the time of cultural rise, when writers faced the question, among others, of creating new national literature. The ballad met many requirements for solving this problem, so it interested the poets. When creating a literary version of the genre, the national folklore was taken as the basis, but historical events, the literary situation of the time, and facts from the personal life were not overlooked. As the result, by the 70s of the XVIII century the main criteria of the genre had been developed, being embodied in G.A. Burger’s «Lenore». The latter was recognized by most German poets as the standard of the genre. «Lenore» was very popular in Russia, and was translated and interpreted in an original way by Russian poets, among whom a special role in this matter belongs to V.A. Zhukovsky.

Self-sacrifice for in-group's history: A diachronic perspective

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Babińska ◽  
Michal Bilewicz
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Psychology ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Emotional Events ◽  
Reciprocal Process ◽  
The Way

AbstractThe problem of extended fusion and identification can be approached from a diachronic perspective. Based on our own research, as well as findings from the fields of social, political, and clinical psychology, we argue that the way contemporary emotional events shape local fusion is similar to the way in which historical experiences shape extended fusion. We propose a reciprocal process in which historical events shape contemporary identities, whereas contemporary identities shape interpretations of past traumas.

Fine Structure of Platelet Interaction with a New Microcrystalline Collagen Preparation

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 58-59
Author(s):  
W. H. Zucker ◽  
R. G. Mason
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Platelet Adhesion ◽  
Hemostatic Agent ◽  
Native Collagen ◽  
Fibrillar Morphology ◽  
Clinical Interest ◽  
New Form

Platelet adhesion initiates platelet aggregation and is an important component of the hemostatic process. Since the development of a new form of collagen as a topical hemostatic agent is of both basic and clinical interest, an ultrastructural and hematologic study of the interaction of platelets with the microcrystalline collagen preparation was undertaken.In this study, whole blood anticoagulated with EDTA was used in order to inhibit aggregation and permit study of platelet adhesion to collagen as an isolated event. The microcrystalline collagen was prepared from bovine dermal corium; milling was with sharp blades. The preparation consists of partial hydrochloric acid amine collagen salts and retains much of the fibrillar morphology of native collagen.

The staining pattern of the tropomyosin sequence is displayed in a new paracrystal

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 150-151
Author(s):  
M.K. Lamvik ◽  
L.L. Klatt
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Sequence ◽  
Staining Pattern ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Mass Thickness ◽  
New Form

Tropomyosin paracrystals have been used extensively as test specimens and magnification standards due to their clear periodic banding patterns. The paracrystal type discovered by Ohtsuki1 has been of particular interest as a test of unstained specimens because of alternating bands that differ by 50% in mass thickness. While producing specimens of this type, we came across a new paracrystal form. Since this new form displays aligned tropomyosin molecules without the overlaps that are characteristic of the Ohtsuki-type paracrystal, it presents a staining pattern that corresponds to the amino acid sequence of the molecule.

Appropriation des Savoirs et Mémoire Collective

2013 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
Sophie Richardot
Keyword(s):  
Collective Memory ◽  
Factorial Analysis ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Ancient History ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Memoire Collective ◽  
Obedience To Authority

The aim of this study is to understand to what extent soliciting collective memory facilitates the appropriation of knowledge. After being informed about Milgram’s experiment on obedience to authority, students were asked to mention historical or contemporary events that came to mind while thinking about submission to authority. Main results of the factorial analysis show that the students who do not believe in the reproducibility of the experimental results oppose dramatic past events to a peaceful present, whereas those who do believe in the reproducibility of the results also mention dramatic contemporary events, thus linking past and present. Moreover, the students who do not accept the results for today personify historical events, whereas those who fully accept them generalize their impact. Therefore, according to their attitude toward this objet of knowledge, the students refer to two kinds of memory: a “closed memory,” which tends to relegate Milgram’s results to ancient history; and an “open memory,” which, on the contrary, transforms past events into a concept that helps them understand the present. Soliciting collective memory may contribute to the appropriation of knowledge provided the memory activated is an “open” one, linking past to present and going beyond the singularity of the event.

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