scholarly journals Relationship between oral hygiene and gingival condition of Malaysian students

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Arif Mohd Marsin ◽  
Yanti Rusyanti ◽  
Ina Hendiani
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Etiologic Agent ◽  
Plaque Index ◽  
Gingival Index ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Malaysian Students ◽  
The Relationship

The primary etiologic agent of gingival disease was dental plaque which also involving the oral hygiene. The oral hygiene can be affected by individuals knowledge, attitude, practice, environment, and others. The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between oral hygiene and gingival condition of Malaysian students. The type of this study was cross-sectional study. The study was conducted on a total of 66 Malaysian students. The data were collected by using an examination form and clinical examination using the Loe & Sillness gingival index followed by the Loe & Sillness plaque index. The results showed that 100% of students have gingivitis with the gingival index average of 1.25 and the plaque index average of 1.85. The relationship of gingival and plaque index was analyzed by using Spearman’s Rank Correlation Coefficient test, and the score was 0.623. It is concluded that the oral hygiene status of Malaysian students was in the fair category, and all Malaysian students had a moderate gingivitis. Also, there was a relationship between the oral hygiene status and gingival condition of Malaysian students.

scholarly journals Association of Salivary Statherin, Calcium, and Proline-Rich Proteins on Oral Hygiene: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Deepak Gowda Sadashivappa Pateel ◽  
Shilpa Gunjal ◽  
Liew Fong Fong ◽  
Nur Sulwana Mohd Hanapi
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship

Background. Saliva, as a complex biofluid, plays a pivotal role in maintaining oral health and tooth integrity. There has been inconsistent data available on the relationship between salivary parameters and oral health. This study aims to investigate the association between salivary statherin, acidic proline-rich proteins (aPRP), and calcium with oral hygiene status. Methods. One hundred and eighty-eight healthy subjects aged between 18 and 50 years with varying oral hygiene status who gave consent to participate were included in this cross-sectional study. The subjects were recruited from primary oral health care of MAHSA University. Oral hygiene of all the participants was measured using Oral Hygiene Index–Simplified (OHI-S). Stimulated saliva collected using paraffin wax was analyzed for salivary statherin, aPRP, and calcium. The relationship between salivary statherin, aPRP, and calcium levels with OHI-S was assessed using Spearman’s Rank correlation coefficient; the strength of relationship was assessed by multiple linear regression analysis. Results. The study found a weak positive correlation (r = 0.179, p  = 0.014) between salivary statherin and OHI-S; weak negative correlation (r = −0.187, p  = 0.010) between salivary aPRP and OHI-S; and moderate negative correlation between salivary statherin and salivary aPRP levels (r = −0.50, p  < 0.001) which were statistically significant. Conclusion. Poor oral hygiene is associated with increased statherin and reduced aPRP levels in saliva. Thus, these salivary components may have a role in predicting oral hygiene status.

scholarly journals Evaluating the muscular strength, functional capacity, and risk of sarcopenia in elderly women who practice Mat Pilates

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Vicentini de Oliveira ◽  
Amanda Mansano de Souza ◽  
Áurea Gonçalves Ferreira ◽  
Mateus Dias Antunes ◽  
Natália Serra Lovato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Muscular Strength ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Level Of Significance

Abstract Introduction: Despite the importance of appropriate levels of muscular strength to maintain the functional capacity and a healthy life in old age, the current literature still lacks studies that investigate the profile of elderly women who practice Mat Pilates regarding these variables. Objective: This study aimed to analyze muscular strength, functional capacity, and risk of sarcopenia in elderly women who practiced Mat Pilates. Method: This is a cross-sectional study carried out with 50 elderly women who practice Mat Pilates in the city of Maringá, Paraná. Sociodemographic and health questionnaires were used, in addition to tests created by a Latin American development group for maturity called Grupo de Desenvolvimento Latino Americano para a Maturidade (GDLAM), sitting-rising test, arm curl test, and SARC-F questionnaire. For data analysis, Shapiro-Wilk and Mann-Whitney U tests, as well as Spearman’s Rank Correlation Coefficients, were used. The level of significance was p < 0.05. Results: The 70-79-year-old elderly women showed worse results in the functional capacity and muscular strength tests of the upper limbs and a higher risk of sarcopenia than the individuals who were under 70 years of age. Muscular strength was inversely related to the reduction of the risk of sarcopenia, and functional capacity was directly associated with this risk. Conclusion: A good functional capacity seems to be related to the reduction of the risk of sarcopenia. Age seems to be an intervening factor for reducing muscular strength levels and functional capacity and increasing the risk of sarcopenia.

Reference values for Lactate Pro 2™ in fetal blood sampling during labor: a cross-sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brynhildur Tinna Birgisdottir ◽  
Malin Holzmann ◽  
Ingela Hulthén Varli ◽  
Sofie Graner ◽  
Sissel Saltvedt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Fetal Blood Sampling ◽  
Conversion Equation

AbstractObjective:Lactate ProStudy design:A cross-sectional study was conducted at a university hospital in Sweden. A total of 113 laboring women with fetal heart rate abnormalities on cardiotocography (CTG) had FBS carried out. Lactate concentration was measured bedside with both LP1 and LP2 from the same blood sample capillary. A linear regression model was constructed to retrieve a conversion equation to convert LP2 values to LP1 values.Results:LP2 measured higher values than LP1 in all analyses. We found that 4.2 mmol/L with LP1 corresponded to 6.4 mmol/L with LP2. Likewise, 4.8 mmol/L with LP1 corresponded to 7.3 mmol/L with LP2. The correlation between the analyses was excellent (Spearman’s rank correlation, r=0.97).Conclusion:We recommend the following guidelines when interpreting lactate concentration in FBS with LP2: <6.4 mmol/L to be interpreted as normal, 6.4–7.3 mmol/L as preacidemia indicating a follow-up FBS within 20–30 min, and >7.3 mmol/L as acidemia indicating intervention.

scholarly journals Oral hygiene habits and status of orthodontic patients attending the University of Pretoria, Oral and Dental Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 130-135
Author(s):  
Noluthando L Buthelezi ◽  
Thomas K Madiba
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Plaque Index ◽  
Gingival Index ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
University Of Pretoria ◽  
Dental Hospital ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
Oral Hygiene Habits

Most orthodontic patients struggle to maintain good oral hygiene during treatment. To determine oral hygiene habits and status of patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment at University of Pretoria, Oral and Dental Hospital. A cross-sectional descriptive study. A modified, validated, self-administered questionnaire was used, and clinical examinations were conducted using Orthodontic Plaque Index, Gingival index, and Bleeding index. The questionnaire sought to determine knowledge and practice patterns. Data analysis included frequencies and correlations using chi-square test, with a significance of p<0.05.Fifty patients participated with 34(68%) being female with ages from 10 to 28 and a mean of 18,5. Seventy percent avoided sticky foodstuff, 74% used mouthwash, 56% flossed daily and 84% brushed twice daily. However, 82% consumed sugar containing drinks. Clinical exam revealed an Orthodontic Plaque Index mean of 2.6, Gingival Index mean of 0.1 while the Bleeding Index was 13.3 and 90% had normal gingiva. There was a significant difference in Gingival Index score between patients at age category 10-19 and 18-24 (p< 0.05). This study revealed a satisfactory oral hygiene status among patients at the institution with the majority of patients maintaining good oral hygiene practices. However, 82% consumed sugar sweetened beverages.

scholarly journals The Role of Leadership and its Relationship with the Performance of Community Health Volunteer: A Survey in Rural Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Ngatoiatu Rohmani ◽  
Dewi Utari
Keyword(s):  
Community Health ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Health Services ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Community Health Volunteer ◽  
And Performance

Background: Community Health Volunteers (CHVs) are the manifestation of community participation to solve health issues of the community, which is reflected through Integrated Services Post or known as Posyandu activities. Therefore, CHVs selection criteria need to be upgraded to support their performance in delivering community health services. This research aimed at identifying the relationship between the role of leadership and their performance in Posyandu activities. Method: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Purwomartani village, Sleman, with a total of 68 respondents. Data were collected using validated questionnaires to evaluate the leadership and performance of healthy volunteers. The data were analyzed using Spearman's rank correlation. Results: The respondents comprised 100% females, 71.3% were aged above 41, and 82.4% were housewives, and 83.3% completed their education up to senior high school. The study revealed that 57.4% of respondents showed excellent performance before, during, and after the Posyandu activities. Bivariate analysis revealed that the role of leadership has a significant relationship with the performance of health volunteers (p<0.05). Conclusion: Training on leadership and effective communication is needed to support the role of CHVs to motivate the community to use the facilities for better health status.

scholarly journals Clock drawing test: comparison between the Pfizer and the Shulman systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 480-484
Author(s):  
Daniela Bertol Graeff ◽  
Jéssica Maldaner Lui ◽  
Nathália Dal Prá Zucco ◽  
Ana Luisa Sant’Anna Alves ◽  
Cassiano Mateus Forcelini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Clock Drawing Test ◽  
Clock Drawing ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Drawing Test ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Previous Training

ABSTRACT Cognitive decline can be screened by the clock drawing test (CDT), which has several versions. Objective: This survey aimed to analyze the correlation between two simple methods for scoring the CDT. Methods: This cross-sectional study was nested in the Elo-Creati cohort from Passo Fundo, Brazil and comprised 404 subjects. Two raters underwent previous training and scored the subjects’ CDT according to both the Pfizer and Shulman systems. The inter-observer and intra-observer concordance within each method was analyzed with the Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient, as well as the concordance of the scores between the two methods. Age and scholarity were also correlated with the scores. Results: Most of the participants were women (93.8%) and Caucasian (84.6%), with a mean age of 66.9 (±7.8) years and a scholarity of 10.9 years (±5.6). There was significant inter-observer (Pfizer: r=0.739, p£0.001; Shulman: r=0.727, p£0.001) and intra-observer correlation (Pfizer: rater 1, r=0.628, p≤0.001; rater 2, r=0.821, p≤0.001; Shulman: rater 1, r=0.843, p≤0.001; rater 2: r=0.819; p≤0.001). Intra-observer correlation was also observed comparing Pfizer and Shulman methods (rater 1: r=0.744; p≤0.001; rater 2: r=0.702; p≤0.001). There was weak correlation of the scores with scholarity (Pfizer: r=0.283, p£0.001; Shulman: r=0.244, p£0.001) and age (Pfizer: r=-0.174, p£0.001; Shulman: r=-0.170, p£0.001). More participants were classified with decreased cognition through the Pfizer system (rater 1: 44.3 vs. 26.5%; rater 2: 42.1 vs. 16.3%; p≤0.001). Conclusions: For this population, our results suggest that the Pfizer system of scoring CDT is more suitable for screening cognitive decline.

scholarly journals The use of the Hungarian Test Your Memory (TYM-HUN), MMSE, and ADAS-Cog tests for patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) in a Hungarian population: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Szabolcs Garbóczy ◽  
Éva Magócs ◽  
Gergő Szőllősi ◽  
Szilvia Harsányi ◽  
Égerházi Anikó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Disease Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation

Abstract BACKGROUND: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) often presages the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Accurate and early identification of cognitive impairment will substantially reduce the burden on the family and alleviate the costs for the whole society. There is a need for testing methods that are easy to perform even in a general practitioner’s office, inexpensive and non-invasive, which could help the early recognition of mental decline. We have selected Test Your Memory (TYM), which has proven to be reliable for detecting AD and MCI in several countries. Our study was designed to test the usability of the TYM-HUN comparing with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale (ADAS-Cog) in MCI recognition in the Hungarian population.METHODS: TYM test was translated and validated into Hungarian (TYM-HUN) in a previous study. The TYM-HUN test was used in conjunction with and compared with the MMSE and the ADAS-Cog. For our study, 50 subjects were selected: 25 MCI patients and 25 healthy controls (HC). Spearman’s rank correlation was used to analyse the correlation between the scores of MMSE and ADAS-Cog with TYM-HUN.RESULTS: MCI can be distinguished from normal aging using TYM-HUN. We established a 'cut-off' point of TYM-HUN (44/45points) where optimal sensitivity (80%) and specificity (92%) values were obtained to screen MCI. The total TYM-HUN scores significantly correlated with the MMSE scores (ρ=0.626; p<0.001) and ADAS-Cog scores (ρ=-0.723; p<0.001).CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed that the Hungarian version of TYM (TYM-HUN) is a reliable, fast, self-administered questionnaire with the right low threshold regarding MCI and can be used for the early diagnosis of cognitive impairment.

Correlation of Width of Attached Gingiva on Oral Hygiene Maintenance and Gingival Health

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
Shaili Pradhan ◽  
Benju Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Functional Method ◽  
Plaque Index ◽  
P Value ◽  
Gingival Index ◽  
Gingival Inflammation ◽  
Pocket Depth ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attached Gingiva ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Attached gingiva aids in increased resistance to external injury and contribute in stabilisation of gingival margin against frictional forces as well as dissipates physiological forces exerted by the muscular fibers of the alveolar mucosa on gingival tissues. Objective: To assess width of attached gingiva in adults and correlate with oral hygiene maintenance and gingival inflammation. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in patients aged 20-40 years visiting dental OPD with healthy periodontium. Plaque index (PI) and Gingival index (GI) were recorded. Mucogingival junction was determined by visual and functional method. Keratinised gingiva width (KGW) and probing pocket depth (PPD) was recorded and attached gingiva width (AGW) was calculated as (KGW–PPD). Results: Total 85 patients (43 males and 42 females) enrolled in this study. Among total, 48.23% had AGW<1 mm. AGW <1 mm most commonly was found in mandibular first premolar, highest mean AGW was found in maxillary incisors. The mean GI and PI values for AGW<1 mm were found to be higher than those for AGW≥ 1 mm. However, result did not show any significant relation between AGW and severity of gingival inflammation (P value 0.608) and plaque control (P value 0.297). Conclusion: The correlation between attached gingiva width and severity of gingival inflammation and plaque index was not significant statistically. However, the mean gingival index and plaque index score were higher for the attached gingiva width less than 1 mm.

scholarly journals Does multimorbitdity interfere with the fundtionality of the physically active elderly?

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Vicentini de Oliveira ◽  
Caio Rosas Moreira ◽  
Gabriel Lucas Morais Freire ◽  
Rogério Soares de Melo ◽  
Maura Fernandes Franco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Functional Domain ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Introduction: Multimorbidity is currently considered as a relevant clinical condition due to its severity and the high prevalence among the elderly. Objective: Assessing whether multimorbidity is an intervening factor in the functionality of the physically active elderly. Method: This is a cross-sectional study carried out with 70 older people of both sexes who practice exercises at the Fitness zones (FZ) in the municipality of Maringá, state of Paraná. A sociodemographic questionnaire, and the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Scale (WHO-DAS 2.0) were used as instruments. Data analysis was performed by using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Kruskal-Wallis test, Mann-Whitney test and Spearman’s rank correlation, in addition to the Path Analysis (p <0.05). Results: the elderly who have more than two diseases showed worse functionality than the ones with none or from 1 to 2 diseases (p <0.05). The number of diseases showed a significant association (p <0.05) with a reduction in functional domain scores, which explains from 15% to 31% of the variable’s variability. Specifically, the number of diseases was positively associated with the strong effect on the domains referred to as self-care (β = 0.56) and cognition (β = 0.55), besides a moderate effect on interpersonal relationships (β = 0.39) and social participation domains (β = 0.39). Conclusion: it was concluded that multimorbidity can be considered as an intervening factor in the functionality of elderly people who practice physical activity.

scholarly journals Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice of rabies prophylaxis among medical officers of anti-rabies vaccination clinics of Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1312
Author(s):  
Achhelal R. Pasi ◽  
M. K. Sudarshan ◽  
Kanica Kaushal ◽  
Tanzin Dikid ◽  
Sheela Jagtap ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Route Of Administration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Facility Survey ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice ◽  
Rabies Vaccination

Background: We conducted the present study to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of rabies prophylaxis among medical officers of anti-rabies vaccination clinics of Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai (MCGM).Methods: We conducted a cross sectional study in 30 ARV clinics of MCGM. We collected data using pretested, structured, self-administered questionnaire and a facility survey check list. Questionnaire included questions pertaining to epidemiology of animal bite, biologicals supplied, protocols and guidelines for rabies prophylaxis, dosage and route of administration of ARV and training status. We analysed data using Microsoft Excel, 2007. Spearman’s rank correlation and Friedman test was used to examine the relationship between knowledge, attitude, and practice. The results were presented in the form of rates and ratios appropriately and p≤0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: Mean knowledge, attitude and practice score of the study participants was 74.6%, 68.7% and 41% respectively. The difference between knowledge, attitude and practice was statistically significant (p<0.01). Knowledge poorly correlated with attitude (r=0.18) and practice (r=0.13).Conclusions: In Mumbai ARV clinics are uniformly spread in the community. All the clinics are well equipped and staffed. There was no shortage of vaccine in any centre. Counselling of patients was done in all ARV clinics however there was lack of patient education materials. Knowledge of medical officers in respect of dose, route of administration, site of vaccination and schedule of vaccination of anti-rabies vaccine was good. The knowledge of immunoglobulins was poor. Knowledge poorly correlated with attitude and practice.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document