A Study of the Relationship between Rehabilitation Services and Return-to-Work: Analysis by Propensity Score Matching

Abstract Background Benzodiazepines are commonly prescribed in prisons amidst the controversies surrounding their potential role in causing behavioral disinhibition and aggressive behavior and their association with use and trafficking of illicit and addictive substances. The present study aimed to (1) ascertain the relationship between benzodiazepine prescription (including their dosage and duration of use) and aggressive behavior and behavioral disinhibition in prison and (2) investigate whether there was an association between benzodiazepine prescription, (including their dosage and duration of use) and using and trafficking illicit and addictive substances during imprisonment. Methods Data were extracted from the electronic database of an “open” Swiss prison (n = 1206, 1379 measures) over a 5-year period (2010–2015). Measures included benzodiazepine prescription, duration of benzodiazepine use and mean dosage, and punishable behaviors (physical and verbal aggression, disinhibited but not directly aggressive behaviors, property damage or theft, substance-related offenses, and rule transgression). We assessed the relationship between benzodiazepine prescription and punishable behaviors after propensity score matching. Logistic regressions were also used to test the relationship of benzodiazepine use duration and dosage with punishable behaviors among participants who received benzodiazepines. Results After propensity score matching, benzodiazepine prescription was not significantly associated with any punishable behavior. Among detained persons who took benzodiazepines, there was no significant association of dosage and duration of use with offenses involving illicit or addictive substance use or trafficking. Conclusions Our study did not empirically support the occurrence of increased aggressive or disinhibited behaviors or increased risk of substance abuse in detained persons who received benzodiazepines in prison. This suggests a need to reconsider restrictions in prescribing benzodiazepines in the prison setting.

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The Relationship between Dental Findings and Tongue Pressure: A Survey of 745 Community-Dwelling Adults and Elderly Persons in Japan

Gerontology ◽

10.1159/000513599 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Kensuke Tashiro ◽

Sakiko Soutome ◽

Madoka Funahara ◽

Yumiko Kawashita ◽

Masayasu Kitamura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Propensity Score ◽

Grip Strength ◽

Propensity Score Matching ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Tongue Pressure ◽

Elderly Persons ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Number Of Teeth ◽

The Relationship

Introduction: Reduced tongue pressure is one of the causes of dysphagia. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between dental findings and tongue pressure, and whether prosthetic treatment prevents reduced tongue pressure. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Participants were 745 community-dwelling adults and elderly persons in the Goto Islands in Nagasaki, who underwent a health checkup for residents in 2015 and 2016. Data were collected on gender; age; grip strength; hemoglobin; Creatinine (Cr); glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c); history of stroke; smoking, drinking, exercise, and walking habits; number of teeth; wearing of removable dentures; functional units of natural teeth (n-FTUs), fixed prostheses (nif-FTUs), and removable dentures (t-FTUs); and tongue pressure. The associations between each variable and tongue pressure were examined using multiple regression analysis. Next, those with 3 or fewer n-FTUs were selected, and differences in tongue pressure were compared between those with 3 or fewer nif-FTUs and those with 4 or more nif-FTUs, using a propensity score matching method. Results: Male gender, weak grip strength, low HbA1c, no drinking, and a low number of teeth were independent factors significantly associated with lower tongue pressure. Among participants with 3 or fewer n-FTUs, the 43 with 4 or more nif-FTUs showed significantly higher tongue pressure than the 43 with 3 or fewer nif-FTUs after propensity score matching, although the number of t-FTUs was not associated with tongue pressure. Discussion/Conclusion: Tooth loss was significantly associated with lower tongue pressure. It was suggested that fixed prosthesis treatment might prevent the reduction of tongue pressure, but removable dentures did not have such an effect.

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Drivers for voluntary intellectual capital reporting based on agency theory

Journal of Intellectual Capital ◽

10.1108/jic-01-2018-0019 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 264-281 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Viktoria Goebel

Keyword(s):

Propensity Score ◽

Agency Theory ◽

Propensity Score Matching ◽

Intellectual Capital ◽

Integrated Reporting ◽

Content Type ◽

The Relationship ◽

Practical Implications ◽

Management Report

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the drivers for voluntary intellectual capital (IC) reporting based on agency theory. This study responds to calls for critical investigations of IC reporting utilising Goebel’s (2015a) IC measuring approach to investigate the role of IC value and mispricing for IC reporting.Design/methodology/approachA mandatory management report offers a unique research setting in Germany. The content analysis results of 428 German management reports are used in a regression analysis with leverage, ownership diffusion, IC value and mispricing. Additionally, a propensity score matching approach examines the relationship between IC reporting and IC value.FindingsThe regression results show that companies use voluntary IC reporting to encounter mispricing. IC reporting is negatively associated with leverage, whereas ownership diffusion and IC value show no significant results. The propensity score matching approach is also not significant.Research limitations/implicationsThis study contributes to strengthening and testing agency theory for IC reporting. As mispricing is identified to play an important role for IC reporting, IC research should account for mispricing.Practical implicationsThe findings suggest to reopen a discussion on the declared aims of the German management report and the international integrated reporting model to provide information on value creation, as IC value shows no link to IC reporting.Originality/valueThis study innovatively links IC reporting to IC value and mispricing to investigate drivers for voluntary IC reporting.

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Gender-related difference in the relationship between smoking status and periodontal diseases: the propensity score matching approach

Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health ◽

10.11149/jkaoh.2017.41.2.122 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (2) ◽

pp. 122

Author(s):

Eun-Sil Choi ◽

Hae-Young Kim

Keyword(s):

Propensity Score ◽

Propensity Score Matching ◽

Smoking Status ◽

Periodontal Diseases ◽

Related Difference ◽

The Relationship

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Causal or spurious: Using propensity score matching to detangle the relationship between violent video games and violent behavior

Computers in Human Behavior ◽

10.1016/j.chb.2012.02.020 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 28 (4) ◽

pp. 1348-1355 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Whitney D. Gunter ◽

Kevin Daly

Keyword(s):

Video Games ◽

Propensity Score ◽

Propensity Score Matching ◽

Violent Behavior ◽

Violent Video Games ◽

The Relationship

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Reappraising the Impact of Offending on Victimization: A Propensity Score Matching Approach

International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology ◽

10.1177/0306624x17708179 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 62 (8) ◽

pp. 2374-2390

Author(s):

Chad Posick

Keyword(s):

Propensity Score ◽

Propensity Score Matching ◽

Property Crime ◽

Experimental Methods ◽

Wide Range ◽

Sample Data ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

The Life Course ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship

Existing evidence clearly supports an empirical connection between offending and victimization. Often called the “victim–offender overlap,” this relationship holds for both sexes, across the life course, and across a wide range of countries and cultural environments. In addition, the relationship is sustained regardless of the study sample and statistical methods applied in the analyses of the sample data. However, there has yet to be a study that examines this relationship for violent and property crime using quasi-experimental methods accounting for a wide range of potential confounders including individual differences and cultural contexts. This study subjects the victim–offender relationship to testing through propensity score matching for both violent and property crimes using an international dataset. The results show that previous violent and theft offending increases the odds of victimization when matching on individual and contextual factors. This finding supports previous literature and suggests that delinquent behavior may act as a “switch” that exposes one to subsequent violent and theft victimization.

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