Prevalence, Aetiology, and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Urinary Tract Infection Amongst Children Admitted at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tanzania

Introduction: Community-acquired urinary tract infection is one of the most common reasons for consultation in everyday practice; it represents a major source of antibiotic consumption. Escherichia coli (E. coli) is the main pathogen incriminated. Objective:· The aim of this study was to evaluate antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of community-acquired uropathogenic E coli throughout a 7-year period. Methodology: All strains of E. coli isolated from urine samples between January 1st 2012 and December 31st 2018 were included. Presence of ≥ 103 CFU/ml in urine culture media was considered as significant for urinary tract infection. The identification of E. coli strains was realized using standard laboratory techniques. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using the disk diffusion method according to the CA-SFM/ EUCAST criteria. Results: A total of 1,335 E. coli strains were isolated. Overall susceptibility rates to antimicrobial agents were as follows: ampicillin 39.1%, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid 64.9%, cefotaxime 94.9%, trimethoprim/sulfamethox-azole 67.6%, ciprofloxacin 89.2%, ofloxacin 86.9%, amikacin 98.6%, gentamicin 93.9%, nitrofurantoin 97.6% and fosfomycin 99.3%. All isolates were susceptible to carbapenems. The frequency of extended spectrum beta-lactamases-producing E. coli strains was 4.7%. Susceptibility rates of E. coli for ampicillin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and amikacin remained relatively stable over the study period, whereas susceptibility to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, cefotaxime and fluoroquinolones showed a 2-phase pattern. As for gentamicin, a continuous decrease in susceptibility rates was observed. Conclusion: Antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of uropathogenic E. coli are constantly changing, due to modifications in the antibiogram interpretation criteria and antibiotic prescription habits. Rigorous surveillance of resistance rate is necessary to determine appropriate empirical treatment and limit the spread of multiresistant strains.

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Prevalence of Bacteriuria and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns among Diabetic and Nondiabetic Patients Attending at Debre Tabor Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

International Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1155/2017/5809494 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Seble Worku ◽

Awoke Derbie ◽

Mulusew Alemneh Sinishaw ◽

Yesuf Adem ◽

Fantahun Biadglegne

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Multidrug Resistance ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽

Bacterial Pathogens ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Debre Tabor ◽

Susceptibility Patterns

Background. Urinary tract infection is a major health problem especially in developing countries. Information about bacterial pathogens isolated from urinary tract infection in diabetic patients and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns is limited in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed at isolating bacterial pathogens and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns.Methods. A hospital based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted at Debre Tabor. Urine sample was inoculated onto cysteine lysine electrolyte deficient (CLED) medium. Bacterial pathogens were identified using standard bacteriological methods. The data were cleaned and entered into SPSS version 20.Pvalue less than 0.05 is considered statistically significant.Result. A total of 384 study participants were included in the study. Of them, 21 (10.9%) were from diabetics and 9 (4.7%) of them were from nondiabetics. Large proportion of gram positive bacteria at 18 (58.1%) were isolated compared to gram negatives at 13 (41.9%). Gram positive isolates were resistant to cotrimoxazole 10 (58.8%).Conclusion. The isolation rates of bacterial pathogens were higher in diabetic than nondiabetic patients. Bacteriuria was significantly associated with sex and type of diabetes. Multidrug resistance to two or more antibiotics was observed in 56.7% of bacterial isolates. Rational use of antimicrobial agent should be thought of to prevent the emergence of multidrug resistance.

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Prevalence Of Bacterial Urinary Tract Infection And Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns Among Diabetes Mellitus Patients Attending Zewditu Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

10.21203/rs.3.rs-97783/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Gebremedhin Yenehun Worku ◽

Yerega alamneh belete ◽

Woldaregay Erku Abegaz

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽

Bacterial Isolates ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Gram Negative ◽

High Level ◽

Susceptibility Patterns ◽

Diabetes Patients

Abstract Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is caused by colonization and growth of microorganisms within the urinary system. Diabetic patients are more prone to bacterial urinary tract infections due to impaired host defense and high glucose concentration in urine. Surveillance of urinary tract pathogens and their antibiogram is a key to patient management. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of bacterial UTI and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns (AST) among diabetes patients. Methods: Hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from May to July, 2018. Two hundred twenty-five mid-stream urine samples were collected for culture and identification based on the standard protocol. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was done for all positive urine cultures by Kirby Bauer's disk diffusion method based on CLSI guidelines. Data were entered into Epi-data version 3.2.1 and exported to the Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) version 20 statistical software. Binary and multiple logistic regression test results were used.Results: The study result revealed 9.8% overall UTI prevalence. Five species of bacterial uropathogens were isolated. Among these, E. coli (63.6%) was the leading followed by K. pneumoniae (13.6%). In this study, significant bacteriuria was strongly associated with duration of diabetics, previous UTI and symptomatic UTI. Gram-negative bacterial isolates showed high level of sensitivity (100%) to nitrofurantoin and meropenem. On the contrary, high level of resistance (100 %) for ampicillin, doxycycline, cefuroxime, and (94.4 %) amoxacillin-clavulanate were observed. No resistance was observed among gram positive bacterial isolates except penicillin (100 % resistance). Over all prevalence of MDR was 100 % For Gram-negative bacteria.Conclusion: Presence of previous urinary tract infection and duration of diabetes were found as important factors that increase the prevalence of UTI among diabetes patients. This study also showed high prevalence of drug resistance to doxycycline, amoxacillin-clavulanate, cefuroxime and penicillin for both Gram- negative and Gram- positive bacteria. Therefore, since therapeutic selection for empirical treatment and management should be based on the knowledge of the local bacterial profile and antimicrobial response, we suggest physicians take this high resistance profile in to consideration when prescribing antimicrobials against the pathogens in question.

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