Predictors of Bacterial Vaginosis among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinic at Tertiary Care Hospital in Tanzania: A Cross Sectional Study

Background: Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is one of the most common genital tract infections in pregnancy associated with an increased risk of pregnancy losses, maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Different social behavioural and obstetric factors can contribute to the development of BV. Determining the predictors of BV could be the best way of identifying women at high risk of developing the disease. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted between December 2017 and February 2018 to determine the prevalence and predictors of BV among pregnant women attending antenatal Clinic (ANC) at Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH), Tanzania. Participants were recruited using systematic random sampling. For each consented participant, a pretested questionnaire was filled, a pelvic examination was done and a sample was collected. BV was diagnosed using Nugent’s score. Data was analysed using Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS) version 23.0. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was done to determine factors that were independently associated with BV. Results: 178 (26.7%) pregnant women out of 667 were diagnosed positive for BV. In the bivariate analysis (Table 3), age (COR 1.71; 95% CI, 1.16-2.52), level of education (COR 4.08, 95% CI, 2.84-5.84), gravidity (COR, 1.52, 95% CI; 1.04-2.23), parity (COR 1.69, 95% CI; 1.18-2.42), vaginal douching (COR 2.89, 95% CI; 1.96-4.27), HIV status (COR 9.37, 95%CI; 4.12-21.28), history of STI (COR 2.49 95% CI; 1.46-4.25), LTSP (COR 2.76, 95% CI; 1.68-4.54) and age of first coitus (COR 3.19, 95% CI; 2.24-4.56) were significantly associated with BV. After adjusting for confounders in multivariate analysis, the following risk factors remained significantly associated with BV; age of 21- 29 years (AOR, 2.22, 95%CI; 1.45-3.49), primary education level (AOR 3.97, 95% CI; 2.63-5.98), vaginal douching (AOR 3.68, 95% CI; 2.35-5.76), HIV status (AOR 6.44, 95% CI; 2.62-15.88), STI infection (AOR 2.34, 95% CI; 1.25-4.37), more than one LTSP (AOR 2.69, 95% CI; 1.53-4.74) and age of less than 18 years of first coitus (AOR 2.16, 95% CI; 1.42-3.30). Conclusion: The prevalence of BV in pregnant women was found to be high. Age of less than 30 years, primary education level and below, vaginal douching, HIV infection, STI, more than one lifetime sexual partners and early age of sexual debut were found to be significant predictors of BV. The high prevalence of BV in our population should necessitate policy makers to include screening and treatment of BV in the future policy of antenatal care package, as BV is associated with significant maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Women should also be educated on harmful effects of certain behavioural practices such as vaginal douching that predispose to BV. In addition symptoms of BV such as abnormal vaginal discharge during pregnancy are inconsistent, under reported and often overlooked. Therefore, a high-risk approach can be used for screening and treatment of asymptomatic women.

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Knowledge and understanding of obstetric danger signs among pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic at the National Referral Hospital in Thimphu, Bhutan: a cross-sectional study

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth ◽

10.1186/s12884-021-03580-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Saran Tenzin Tamang ◽

Thinley Dorji ◽

Sonam Yoezer ◽

Thinley Phuntsho ◽

Phurb Dorji

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Knowledge Score ◽

Antenatal Clinic ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Obstetric Danger Signs ◽

Danger Signs ◽

Obstetric Emergencies ◽

Level Of Knowledge

Abstract Background The third Sustainable Development Goal for 2030 development agenda aims to reduce maternal and newborn deaths. Pregnant women’s understanding of danger signs is an important factor in seeking timely care during emergencies. We assessed knowledge of obstetric danger signs using both recall and understanding of appropriate action required during obstetric emergencies. Methods This was a cross-sectional study among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at Bhutan’s largest hospital in Thimphu. Recall was assessed against seven obstetric danger signs outlined in the Mother and Child Health Handbook (7 points). Understanding of danger signs was tested using 13 multiple choice questions (13 points). Knowledge was scored out of 20 points and reported as ‘good’ (≥80%), ‘satisfactory’ (60–79%) and ‘poor’ (< 60%). Correlation between participant characteristics and knowledge score as well as number of danger signs recalled was tested using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Association between knowledge score and participant characteristics was tested using t-tests (and Kruskal-Wallis test) for numeric variables. Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics associated with the level of knowledge ('good’ versus ‘satisfactory’ and ‘poor’ combined) were assessed with odds ratios using a log-binomial regression model. All results with p < 0.05 were considered significant. Results Four hundred and twenty-two women responded to the survey (response rate = 96.0%). Mean (±SD) knowledge score was 12 (±2.5). Twenty women (4.7%) had ‘good’ knowledge, 245 (58.1%) had ‘satisfactory’ knowledge and 157 (37.2%) had ‘poor’ knowledge. The median number of danger signs recalled was 2 (IQR 1, 3) while 68 women (20.3%) could not recall any danger signs. Most women were knowledgeable about pre-labour rupture of membranes (96.0%) while very few women were knowledgeable about spotting during pregnancy (19.9%). Both knowledge score and number of danger signs recalled had significant correlation with the period of gestation. Women with previous surgery on the reproductive tract had higher odds of having ‘good’ level of knowledge. Conclusions Most pregnant women had ‘satisfactory’ knowledge score with poor explicit recall of danger signs. However, women recognized obstetric emergencies and identified the appropriate action warranted.

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Iron deficiency among pregnant women attending an antenatal clinic in Northern Uganda: a cross-sectional study

10.21203/rs.2.14386/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Samson Udho ◽

Joyce Nankumbi ◽

Mariam Namutebi ◽

Grace Ndeezi ◽

Joshua Epuitai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Iron Deficiency ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Serum Ferritin ◽

Antenatal Clinic ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Third Trimester ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Iron Supplements ◽

The Third

Abstract Background Iron deficiency is a leading cause of anemia among pregnant women in Uganda. However, due to the high cost of biochemical tests required to determine iron deficiency, the prevalence and factors associated with iron deficiency remain largely unstudied in our setting. Therefore, this study aimed at determining the prevalence of iron deficiency and its associated factors among pregnant women attending an antenatal clinic, Lira District-Uganda.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 320 pregnant women attending an antenatal clinic at Lira Regional Referral Hospital. Maternal serum ferritin was used as a measure of iron deficiency and was determined using a Cobas 6000 Automated Analyzer. Iron deficiency was based on serum ferritin of <30 μg/L. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to obtain the characteristics of the study participants. Binary and multivariate logistic regression were performed to identify the associated factors.Results The prevalence of iron deficiency was 45%. Non-adherence to iron supplements (AOR: 2.05 95% CI: 1.02-4.12) & third trimester pregnancy (AOR: 1.88 95% CI: 1.20-2.94) were significantly associated with iron deficiency during pregnancy.Conclusion Nearly 5 in 10 of the participants had iron deficiency. Iron deficiency during pregnancy was associated with non-adherence to iron supplements and being in the third trimester of pregnancy. Midwives should encourage pregnant women to adhere to iron supplements during pregnancy especially pregnant women who are in the third trimester.

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Quality of life of high risk pregnant women during prenatal care

Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem ◽

10.1590/0034-7167-2019-0595 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 73 (suppl 5) ◽

Author(s):

Ivyna Pires Gadelha ◽

Priscila de Souza Aquino ◽

Marianne Maia Dutra Balsells ◽

Flaviane Fabrício Diniz ◽

Ana Karina Bezerra Pinheiro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

High Risk ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Family Relationship ◽

Maternity Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Statistical Program

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the quality of life of high-risk pregnant women. Methods: an observational and cross-sectional study, carried out in a tertiary maternity hospital located in Fortaleza, with 276 high-risk pregnant women. A questionnaire was applied containing socioddemographic, clinical and obstetric data and The Mother-Generated Index. Descriptive analyzes were performed using the Jamovi statistical program®, version 0.9. Results: most areas were negatively influenced by pregnancy. “Satisfaction with pregnancy”, “family relationship” and “relationship with the partner” obtained the highest means of primary score, while “physical condition/disposition” and “financing” obtained the lowest means. The highest secondary scores were in “satisfaction with pregnancy”, “family relationship” and “relationship with the partner”, while the lowest were in “financing” and “psychological/emotional”. Conclusion: the total primary score mean was 6.03, suggesting a good quality of life. The Mother Generated Index made it possible to identify aspects of life that go beyond pre-formulated assessments of the construct.

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Prenatal distress level and its predictors according to the gestational age in pregnant women in the semi-urban region in Northwestern Turkey: A cross-sectional study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-90838/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yeliz Mercan ◽

Kevser TARI SELCUK ◽

Figen DIGIN ◽

Hasan SAYGIN

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Education Level ◽

Urban Region ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Northwestern Turkey ◽

Prenatal Distress

Abstract Background: The aim of the present study was to determine the level and predictors of prenatal distress in pregnant women according to gestational age.Methods: This a cross-sectional study was conducted in eight Family Health Centers (FHCs) in Kirklareli, in Turkey. The study included 179 pregnant women who presented to the FHCs, who were at ≥12th week of gestation. Results:The frequency of prenatal distress in the participants was 21.2% (between 12th-27th weeks:16.5%, between 28th-41st weeks: 26.8%). It was found that level of education, age of the spouse, current pregnancy being unplanned, and social support levels were associated with the level of prenatal distress in ≥12th week or between 12th-27th weeks or between 28th-41st weeks (p<0.05). And also, perceived income level, abortion, and the number of pregnancies were associated with the level of prenatal distress in ≥12th weeks; the age of women, perceived income levels, previous abortion experience, and the number of pregnancies were associated with the level of prenatal distress in between 12th-27th weeks; the age of women, education level of spouse', and previous birth experience prenatal distress levels were associated in between 28th-41st weeks (p<0.05).Conclusion: The level of prenatal distress according to the gestational age, the education level of the woman, the age of her spouse’, the unplanned pregnancy, and social support levels were predictors. In both periods, the age of women were determinants in prenatal stress levels in pregnant women. Pregnant women should be screened and evaluated for prenatal distress in their application to FHCs.

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PERCEPTION AND ATTITUDE TOWARDS CAESAREAN SECTION - THE VIEWS ARE CHANGING: FINDINGS AMONG ANTENATAL ATTENDEES IN A NIGER DELTA TERTIARY FACILITY

Caliphate Medical Journal ◽

10.47837/cmj.19770126.201531167 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 239-244

Author(s):

Abah MG ◽

Umoh AV

Keyword(s):

Caesarean Section ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Niger Delta ◽

Antenatal Clinic ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Demographic Characteristics ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Outright Rejection ◽

The Mean

Background: Aversion towards Caesarean section and its outright rejection by parturient have been widely reported in Nigeria. Objective: This study was conducted with the objective of assessing the perception and attitude towards Caesarean section by pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in a Niger Delta tertiary facility. Methods: It was a cross-sectional study involving 500 women interviewed using selfadministered semi-structured, pre-tested questionnaires with open and close ended questions. Their socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge, perception and attitude towards Caesarean section were inquired Results: The mean age of the women was 29.1years

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Domestic violence: a cross-sectional study among pregnant women in different regions of Sri Lanka

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017745 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. e017745 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Munas M Muzrif ◽

Dinusha Perera ◽

Kumudu Wijewardena ◽

Berit Schei ◽

Katarina Swahnberg

Keyword(s):

Domestic Violence ◽

Sri Lanka ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Healthcare Workers ◽

Family Income ◽

Antenatal Clinic ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Tea Plantation

ObjectivesThe aims of this study were to assess the regional differences in domestic violence among pregnant women in the capital district and in the tea plantation sector of Sri Lanka, to explore potential contributory factors and to assess whether healthcare workers addressed domestic violence and disclosure among survivors.DesignA cross-sectional study was carried out using interviewer-administered Abuse Assessment Screen.SettingFifty-seven antenatal clinic centres in the capital district and 30 in the tea plantation sector.ParticipantsPregnant women between 6 and 40 weeks of gestational age. In the capital district, 1375 women were recruited from antenatal clinic centres in the urban (n=25) and in the rural areas (n=32), and 800 women from 30 centres in the tea plantation sector. The response rate in the capital district was 95.6% and 96.7% in the tea plantation sector.ResultsAmong the total sample of pregnant women (n=2088), the prevalence of ‘ever abused’ was 38.6%, and the prevalence of ‘currently abused’ was 15.9%. ‘Ever abused’ (31.5% vs 50.8%) and ‘currently abused’ (10% vs 25.8%) were significantly higher (P<0.001) among the women living in the tea plantation sector. ‘Ever abused’ was associated with living in the tea plantation sector, being employed, living far from gender-based violence care centre and of Muslim ethnicity, after adjusting for age, education and family income. Only 38.8% of all participants had been asked by healthcare workers about abuse. Living in the tea plantation sector and lower level of education were associated with not being asked. Among those who reported ‘ever abused’, only 8.7% had disclosed the experience to a healthcare worker.ConclusionDomestic violence was prevalent and highest among women in the tea plantation sector compared with the capital district. The capacity of healthcare workers in addressing domestic violence should be increased.

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Hypertension and Salt-Restrictive Diet Promotes Low Urinary Iodine Concentration in High-Risk Pregnant Women: Results from a Cross-Sectional Study Conducted After Salt Iodination Reduction in Brazil

Biological Trace Element Research ◽

10.1007/s12011-020-02028-8 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 197 (2) ◽

pp. 445-453 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Luciana Sant’Ana Leone de Souza ◽

Renata de Oliveira Campos ◽

Vitor dos Santos Alves ◽

Taíse Lima Oliveira Cerqueira ◽

Thiago Magalhães da Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Urinary Iodine ◽

Iodine Concentration ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Urinary Iodine Concentration ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Restrictive Diet

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Dietary Diversity and Associated Factors among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinic in Shashemane, Oromia, Central Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1155/2019/3916864 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Melaku Desta ◽

Mohammed Akibu ◽

Mesfin Tadese ◽

Meskerem Tesfaye

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Dietary Diversity ◽

Antenatal Clinic ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Food Groups ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Central Ethiopia ◽

Pregnant Mothers

Background. Maternal dietary diversity is a proxy indicator of maternal nutrient adequacy and improves health outcomes for both mothers and babies. However, little is documented on dietary diversity among pregnant mothers. Therefore, this study assessed diet diversity and associated factors among pregnant mothers attending the antenatal clinic in Shashemane, Oromia, Central Ethiopia.Methods. An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 315 systematically selected pregnant women attending antenatal clinic of Shashemane town in April 2017. Dietary diversity was assessed using a 24 h dietary recall method, and the dietary diversity score was computed for ten food groups. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were computed to identify associated factors of dietary diversity.Result. In this study, only a quarter (25.4%) of pregnant mothers consumed adequate dietary diversity. Mother’s tertiary (AOR 3.18; 95% CI: 1.8, 6.35) and secondary (AOR 2.13; 95% CI: 2.32, 8.72) education, household monthly income above 3500 ETB (AOR = 2.24; 95% CI: 1.47, 7.78), livestock ownership (AOR = 4.15; 95% CI: 2.07, 9.86), women who got emotional support from the husband (AOR = 3.49; 95% CI: 1.12, 8.23), and women who participated in the shooping (AOR = 2.54; 95% CI: 3.27, 9.83) were more likely to attain the adequate dietary diversity.Conclusion. The study revealed that the overall consumption of adequate dietary diversity was found to be low. Developing the educational level of women, increasing household income and owning of livestock, increasing husbands’ support, and improving women’s participation in the shopping are recommended to improve women’s adequate dietary diversity.

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Morbidity Profile of Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinic in Nanyuki Teaching and Referral Hospital, Kenya - A Cross Sectional Study (P11-015-19)

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzz048.p11-015-19 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Willy Kiboi ◽

Judith Kimiywe ◽

Peter Chege

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Antenatal Clinic ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Referral Hospital ◽

Medical Attention ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Upper Respiratory Infection ◽

Awareness Campaigns ◽

Funding Sources

Abstract Objectives To determine the health morbidity profile of pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in Nanyuki Teaching and Referral hospital, Kenya. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among pregnant women where data on maternal morbidity profile was collected. A total of 254 pregnant women attending antenatal clinic were recruited. Results More than half (57.5%) of the women recruited in this study reported to be unwell in the immediate two weeks preceding the day of the interviews. The common diseases/disorders reported were heartburn (42.9%), anemia (16.9%) anorexia (15.4%), vomiting (14.2%) and constipation (11.4%) with most of them having a duration of more than 7 days. Other morbidities such as fever, abdominal pain, upper respiratory infection, diarhoea and headache were also reported. Further, out of all those who reported being sick, only 40.4% who sought medical attention. Conclusions Morbidity among the pregnant women was notably high. Public health awareness campaigns among pregnant women on prevention, early identification and timely treatment of diseases/disorders during pregnancy should be up-scaled. Funding Sources None.

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