scholarly journals Combating Fake News: An Investigation of Information Verification Behaviors on Social Networking Sites

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell Torres ◽  
Natalie Gerhart ◽  
Arash Negahban
Keyword(s):  
Social Networking ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Information Verification

Understanding the Landscape of Online Deception

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-66
Author(s):  
Hicham Hage ◽  
Esma Aïmeur ◽  
Amel Guedidi
Keyword(s):  
Social Networking ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Fake News ◽  
New Information ◽  
Global Issue ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Online Deception ◽  
Major Factors

While fake and distorted information has been part of our history, new information and communication technologies tremendously increased its reach and proliferation speed. Indeed, in current days, fake news has become a global issue, prompting reactions from both researchers and legislators in an attempt to solve this problem. However, fake news and misinformation are part of the larger landscape of online deception. Specifically, the purpose of this chapter is to present an overview of online deception to better frame and understand the problem of fake news. In detail, this chapter offers a brief introduction to social networking sites, highlights the major factors that render individuals more susceptible to manipulation and deception, detail common manipulation and deception techniques and how they are actively used in online attacks as well as their common countermeasures. The chapter concludes with a discussion on the double role or artificial intelligence in countering as well as creating fake news.

scholarly journals Identifying System Location Specifics based on Classification of Worldwide Tweets

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 5452-5454
Keyword(s):  
Social Networking ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Spatiotemporal Analysis ◽  
Cyber Crime ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Digital Form

As social networking sites are gaining populism across the globe, people are more enthusiastic about sharing their thoughts on Various networking Platforms. Facebook and Twitter have become a leading destination for sharing various kinds of information. In the existing literature the focus is to access the information published in the networking platforms in the real-time, and they do not focus on obtaining the geo-location of the user. Here we propose a monitoring system that classifies the tweets using some reliable techniques which can be used across the globe without any security concerns. As there is a lot of fake news available in the digital form, there is a definite need to access the user information and his geo-location metrics. In this paper, we have introduced Naive Bayes Multinomial classifier and a few other models which performs a spatiotemporal analysis. This study also identifies a comprehensive set of performance metrics which can access the tweet’s country of origin by using eight tweet-inherent features. The outcome of this analysis can be used by various cyber-crime departments to deal with the numerous cybercrime cases on networking platforms, and real-time decisive actions can be taken.

scholarly journals An Enhanced Sybil Guard to Detect Bots in Online Social Networks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisha P. Shetty ◽  
Balachandra Muniyal ◽  
Arshia Anand ◽  
Sushant Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Online Social Networks ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Classifier Combination ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Wide Scale ◽  
Set Up

Sybil accounts are swelling in popular social networking sites such as Twitter, Facebook etc. owing to cheap subscription and easy access to large masses. A malicious person creates multiple fake identities to outreach and outgrow his network. People blindly trust their online connections and fall into trap set up by these fake perpetrators. Sybil nodes exploit OSN’s ready-made connectivity to spread fake news, spamming, influencing polls, recommendations and advertisements, masquerading to get critical information, launching phishing attacks etc. Such accounts are surging in wide scale and so it has become very vital to effectively detect such nodes. In this research a new classifier (combination of Sybil Guard, Twitter engagement rate and Profile statistics analyser) is developed to combat such Sybil nodes. The proposed classifier overcomes the limitations of structure based, machine learning based and behaviour-based classifiers and is proven to be more accurate and robust than the base Sybil guard algorithm.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Spread of Fake News and its Detection. Techniques on Social Networking Sites

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Isyaku Hassan ◽  
Mohd Nazri Latiff Azmi ◽  
Akibu Mahmoud Abdullahi
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Fake News ◽  
The Public ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
Literature Synthesis ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Linguistic Approach

The phenomenon of fake news has become a much contentious issue recently. The controversy regarding this issue has further been intensified by the openness of social media platforms. Via a systematic review, this paper offers a discussion on the spread and detection techniques of fake news on Social Networking Sites (SNSs). A total of 47 articles eventually fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were coded for the literature synthesis. The overall findings from the literature on fake news and social media have been extracted and synthesized to explore the creation, influence and popular techniques and dimensions used for fake news detection on SNSs. The results showed that various entities are involved in the creation and spread of fake news on SNSs, including malicious social and software agents. It was also found that early registered users, old people, female users, delusion-prone persons, dogmatic persons, and religious fundamentalists are more likely to believe in fake news than other groups of individuals. One of the major problems of the existing techniques is their deficiency in datasets. Therefore, future studies on fake news detection should focus on developing an all-inclusive model with comprehensive datasets. Social media users require fake news detection skills especially using linguistic approach. This study provides the public with valuable information about the spread and detection of fake news on SNSs. This is because SNSs are an important avenue for fake news providers.

Understanding the Landscape of Online Deception

2020 ◽  
pp. 290-317
Author(s):  
Hicham Hage ◽  
Esma Aïmeur ◽  
Amel Guedidi
Keyword(s):  
Social Networking ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Fake News ◽  
New Information ◽  
Global Issue ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Online Deception ◽  
Major Factors

While fake and distorted information has been part of our history, new information and communication technologies tremendously increased its reach and proliferation speed. Indeed, in current days, fake news has become a global issue, prompting reactions from both researchers and legislators in an attempt to solve this problem. However, fake news and misinformation are part of the larger landscape of online deception. Specifically, the purpose of this chapter is to present an overview of online deception to better frame and understand the problem of fake news. In detail, this chapter offers a brief introduction to social networking sites, highlights the major factors that render individuals more susceptible to manipulation and deception, detail common manipulation and deception techniques and how they are actively used in online attacks as well as their common countermeasures. The chapter concludes with a discussion on the double role or artificial intelligence in countering as well as creating fake news.

Gatekeeping Fake News Discourses on Mainstream Media Versus Social Media

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 687-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Al-Rawi
Keyword(s):  
Social Networking ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Topic Modeling ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Mainstream Media ◽  
News Stories ◽  
Propaganda Model ◽  
News Discourse ◽  
Negative Role

This study analyzes mainstream media (MSM) coverage of fake news discourse and compares it with social networking sites (SNS) users who reference the term “fakenews” in their tweets. The study employs computational methods by analyzing over 8 million tweets and 1,350 news stories using topic modeling. Building on the theory of (networked) gatekeeping and Herman and Chomsky’s propaganda model, the results show that SNS users follow networked gatekeeping practices by mostly associating fake news references to the alleged bias of MSM. On the other hand, MSM coverage tends to link fake news to SNS’s negative role in spreading misinformation. I argue here that there is a networked flak activity on Twitter which is defined as a collective negative response to MSM in order to discipline it, change its tone and editorial stance, or undermine the public’s trust in it.

scholarly journals Cybersecurity: A Key Challenge to the Information Age in Sierra Leone

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-46
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Abdulai Sawaneh ◽  
Fatmata Kanko Kamara ◽  
Albert Kamara
Keyword(s):  
Social Networking ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Hate Speech ◽  
Information Age ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Text Messages ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Political Propaganda ◽  
Social Media Platforms

Humans' growing desire to continuously interact with each other through the internet has both negative and positive consequences, especially if users tend to use it maliciously. The advent of social networking sites has broken the traditional barriers to communication. It is a cost-effective way of communicating using text-messages, video-messages, and voice-notes as it happens from a source (sender) to the audience (receivers). Anyone can participate if they have a mobile phone with internet facilities, and now, everyone is an online journalist and a reporter. Unfortunately, although social media platforms have numerous merits, these platforms still face critical challenges, especially in controlling and policing content post by users. The revolution in information technology and social networking platforms have provided a NEW NORMAL for online fraudsters and criminals. Fake news, hate speech, and political propaganda/rhetoric has created a confusing world, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic situation. Therefore, our paper presented some of the challenges and solutions to cybercrime.

scholarly journals Prediction of Fake Tweets Using Machine Learning Algorithms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sreedevi ◽  
G. Vijay Kumar ◽  
K. Kiran Kumar ◽  
B. Aruna ◽  
Arvind Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Internet Media ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
False News

Social networking sites will attract millions of users around the globe. Internet media is becoming popular for news consumption because of its ease, simple access and fast spreading of data takes to consume news from social media. Fake news on social media is making an appearance that is attracting a huge attention. This kind of situation could bring a great conflict in real time. The false news impacts extremely negative on society, particularly in social, commercial, political world, also on individuals. Hence detection of fake news on social media became one of the emerging research topic and technically challenging task due to availability of tools on social media. In this paper various machine learning techniques are used to predict fake news on twitter data. The results shown by using these techniques are more accurate with better performance.

scholarly journals Disinformation in Facebook Ads in the 2019 Spanish General Election Campaigns

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 217-228
Author(s):  
Lorena Cano-Orón ◽  
Dafne Calvo ◽  
Guillermo López García ◽  
Tomás Baviera
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Political Communication ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Emotional Response ◽  
Political Campaigns ◽  
The Political ◽  
Election Campaigns ◽  
Fake News ◽  
General Elections

As fake news elicits an emotional response from users, whose attention is then monetised, political advertising has a significant influence on its production and dissemination. Facebook ads, therefore, have an essential role in contemporary political communication, not only because of their extensive use in international political campaigns, but also because they address intriguing questions about the regulation of disinformation on social networking sites. This research employs a corpus of 14,684 Facebook ads published by the major national political parties during their campaigns leading up to the two Spanish general elections held in 2019. A manual content analysis was performed on all the visually identical ads so as to identify those containing disinformation and those denouncing it. The topics addressed in these ads were then examined. The results show that the political parties’ Facebook ad strategies were akin to those of conventional advertising. Disinformation messages were infrequent and mainly posted by Ciudadanos and VOX. Nonetheless, it is striking that the main topic addressed in the ads was the unity of Spain—precisely the issue of Catalonia’s independence. In light of this, it can be deduced that ‘traditional’ parties are taking longer to renounce classical forms of campaigning than their ‘new’ counterparts, thus demonstrating that the actors implementing disinformation strategies are not only restricted to the extreme right of the ideological spectrum.

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