Understanding the Landscape of Online Deception

Author(s):  
Hicham Hage ◽  
Esma Aïmeur ◽  
Amel Guedidi

While fake and distorted information has been part of our history, new information and communication technologies tremendously increased its reach and proliferation speed. Indeed, in current days, fake news has become a global issue, prompting reactions from both researchers and legislators in an attempt to solve this problem. However, fake news and misinformation are part of the larger landscape of online deception. Specifically, the purpose of this chapter is to present an overview of online deception to better frame and understand the problem of fake news. In detail, this chapter offers a brief introduction to social networking sites, highlights the major factors that render individuals more susceptible to manipulation and deception, detail common manipulation and deception techniques and how they are actively used in online attacks as well as their common countermeasures. The chapter concludes with a discussion on the double role or artificial intelligence in countering as well as creating fake news.

Author(s):  
Hicham Hage ◽  
Esma Aïmeur ◽  
Amel Guedidi

While fake and distorted information has been part of our history, new information and communication technologies tremendously increased its reach and proliferation speed. Indeed, in current days, fake news has become a global issue, prompting reactions from both researchers and legislators in an attempt to solve this problem. However, fake news and misinformation are part of the larger landscape of online deception. Specifically, the purpose of this chapter is to present an overview of online deception to better frame and understand the problem of fake news. In detail, this chapter offers a brief introduction to social networking sites, highlights the major factors that render individuals more susceptible to manipulation and deception, detail common manipulation and deception techniques and how they are actively used in online attacks as well as their common countermeasures. The chapter concludes with a discussion on the double role or artificial intelligence in countering as well as creating fake news.


Author(s):  
Christopher Beggs

Cyber-terrorism has evolved as a new form of terrorism since the development of new information and communication technologies (ICTs) such as the Internet. It has become an issue of concern to the Australian government as well as a global issue since the impact of the September 11, 2001, tragedies, the Bali bombings in 2002, and the London bombings of 2005. Australia, together with other leading nations such as the U.S., currently faces the threat of conventional terrorism; however, we also now face the possibility of a new digital form of terrorism: cyber-terrorism. This article explores this new form of terrorism and provides examples of possible cyber-terrorism and closely related cases. It also highlights vulnerabilities within Australian computer systems and provides an overview of the future trends of this new emerging threat within the Australian context.


2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-129

This paper examines the globalization and cosmopolitanism of digital leisure networks through the metaphor of urban parks within global cities. It makes the case for a more inclusive ecology of public leisure space by dismantling conventional boundaries between the park and the city. The article uses the metaphor of global cities to emphasize the hierarchies in digital leisure networks. These global cities function as command centers and as magnets for workers in the industrial, creative, and leisure fields. They also attract privileged groups as well as temporary and migrant laborers. Similarly, not all social networking sites share the same power and influence. While new information and communication technologies are eroding the boundaries between reality and fantasy, the real and the virtual, we should not forget that many of the world’s inhabitants reside in a pre-digital world and constitute an invisible community that has somehow slipped past the database that seemed to be omnipresent. Poverty, rural conditions, criminality, and perversion are accorded scant attention within the larger discourse on globalization through the internet and its leisure counterpart, the recreational social networks. In terms of the metaphor, this neglect would be much like studying cities without noting the vast slums in which as many as half of their inhabitants live, work and play. This paper offers a dialectical and metaphorical journey in order to make conceptualization of the city and the park, leisure and labor, and the virtual and the material richer by encompassing more of the marginal and the diverse.


Author(s):  
Amar Yasser El-Bably

Information and communication technologies (ICTs) have developed at an increasingly fast rate over the last two decades. Recent rapid advances in ICTs have provided both children and adults with benefits and opportunities in terms of socialization, education, and entertainment. In particular, the development of ICTs has provided children and adolescents using the internet and associated technologies with new spaces to interact and form social relationships with others, such as chatrooms, peer-to-peer (P2P) websites, and social networking sites.


2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Suleiman Ali Alsaif ◽  
Alice S. Li ◽  
Ben Soh ◽  
Mohammed A. AlZain ◽  
Mehedi Masud

Since the advances in information and communication technologies, educational technology has been a priority research topic for academics, technology specialists and educational system developers. The objective of the study in this article is to evaluate the current learning systems and to shed the light on applications of social networking sites in higher education environment. To this end, the authors review the available alternative learning models with a view to achieving the most appropriate comprehensive and integral learning model. This article explores and compares the current advanced web-based educational services. It then demonstrates and discourses on the available Web 2.0 tools and social networking applications that can be used to foster learning activities and informal learning environments.


Author(s):  
Matti Malkia ◽  
Reijo Savolainen

In this chapter, authors present a common conceptual framework to understand the nature, causes and effects of electronic transformation (e-transformation) in government, politics and society. This is done first by identifying and discussing four major factors affecting the transformation in governance: (1) the changing role of knowledge, (2) the changing forms of social organization and co-operation, (3) globalization, and (4) the utilization of new information and communication technologies (ICTs). Based on this analytical framework, some key dilemmas, problems and failures of transformation and how they might be solved are identified and discussed. Finally, in the end of the chapter, a detailed introduction to the specific themes and chapters of this book is given.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2307
Author(s):  
Rosa Anaya-Aguilar ◽  
German Gemar ◽  
Carmen Anaya-Aguilar

Health tourism is booming all over the world, and thermal spa tourism in Spain is a type of tourism aimed at integrating with nature, achieving sustainable development. In general, its facilities are located in areas specially protected by environmental legislation. This tourism sector attracts an increasingly wide market segment that has become more demanding and better informed and that more frequently uses the Internet to gather information. Tourists’ shopping and consumption habits are increasingly influenced by new information and communication technologies (ICTs), making these a topic of interest among academics and professionals. Website development has been shown to be an area of innovation for spa facilities, but evidence has also been found that this sector has experienced difficulty in adopting ICTs. This research sought to analyse spa websites’ usability by conducting an exploratory investigation of different websites’ contents. The results reveal that the use of new web technologies by spas is underdeveloped, although these facilities have achieved good positions in Internet search engines due to the synergistic effect of the official tourism websites. That is why most of them tell their story, detail their nature and the protection of their spaces. In this way, spas turn their websites into communication channels that convey to tourists their commitment to the environment and sustainable development.


Author(s):  
Rebeca Soler-Costa ◽  
Pablo Lafarga-Ostáriz ◽  
Marta Mauri-Medrano ◽  
Antonio-José Moreno-Guerrero

In this article, an analysis of the existing literature is carried out. It focused on the netiquette (country, date, objectives, methodological design, main variables, sample details, and measurement methods) included in the Web of Science and Scopus databases. This systematic review of the literature has been developed entirely according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA). The initial search yielded 53 results, of which 18 exceeded the inclusion criteria and were analyzed in detail. These results show that this is a poorly defined line of research, both in theory and in practice. There is a need to update the theoretical framework and an analysis of the empirical proposals, whose samples are supported by students or similar. Knowing, understanding, and analyzing netiquette is a necessity in a society in which information and communication technologies (ICT) have changed the way of socializing and communicating. A new reality in which there is cyber-bullying, digital scams, fake news, and haters on social networks.


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