Citizenship education: A media literacy course taught in Japanese university

This case study documents the effort to prototype a media literacy curriculum based on Herman and Chomsky (2010)'s Propaganda Model as well as the target students’ environment and need analysis. The course is implemented under a Content and Language Integrated Learning program for 30 first-year undergraduate students in Sophia University, Japan. The objective is to develop students’ awareness of issues facing society they live in, along with the capacity to think critically about media information, deliberate in public discourse via expression of individual opinions, and exchange with others. Evaluation study is conducted upon completion of the course to examine whether, or to what extent, that objective is realized, using qualitative method. Results show positive impacts on students’ learning, providing valuable inputs for further iterations of curriculum design in citizenship and media literacy education.

Positive Propaganda and the Pragmatics of Protest

This chapter examines what protest is from a pragmatic point of view and how it relates to propaganda—specifically what Jason Stanley calls “positive propaganda.” It analyzes the phrase “Black lives matter,” taking it to be a political speech act that offers a unique route to understanding the pragmatics of protest. From this, it considers the moral-epistemological function of protest and develops an account of the authority that protest, as a speech act, both calls upon and makes explicit. It then argues that, rather than simply its effects, it is protest’s distinct pragmatic features—that is, its entitlement conditions and the uptake it aims at—that best capture its important moral, political, and epistemic elements. It therefore rejects the idea that protests are paradigmatic examples of “positive propaganda,” because the propaganda model cannot capture protests’ function of foregrounding the socially located moral authority of the protestor.

Propaganda Warfare: Indian Disinformation Campaign against Pakistan

Access to sources of information has allowed states to use media as a tool of propaganda warfare. It can be observed that within the South Asian theatre, India and Pakistan are involved in propaganda warfare, spreading disinformation campaigns with the aim to disrepute the other's international image. To understand the techniques of propaganda warfare, Edward Herman and Noam Chomsky's propaganda model provides a befitting conceptual cushion to study propaganda warfare techniques using news media to propagate disinformation. This paper tends to focus on how New Delhi exercises control over news media to portray Pakistan as a failed state, a safe haven for terrorist organizations, installing anti-army information, building war hysteria in South Asia, and targeting Pakistan's stance on Kashmir and Balochistan. The paper argues that Indian news media has become a tool in the hands of the Indian political elite in generating false propaganda against Pakistan.

The Propaganda Model in the Digital Age: A Review of Literature on the Effects of Social Media on News Production

The 21st century is best described by many as the Digital Age. The digital revolution at the beginning of the century has witnessed the introduction of social media platforms. About two decades now, globally, the are several questions on the effects of social media on the new production. While a section of media and communication experts view that social media has positively promoted news production, other scholars strongly see the negative side of social media in news production, especially with the context of the propaganda model. The objective of this article is to offer insightful review literature on the effects of social media on news production, within the context of the propaganda model to improve the reader’s understanding of the role of social media news production. The review is divided into two sections; the first part gives us much insight into what the propaganda model is all about, and the second section critically looks at the net effects of social media in news making via the propaganda model.

Portrayal of Muslim's Images in International Newspaper’s Blogging Forums and Its Impact on Readers

This study explores the portrayal of Muslim’s image in the international newspaper’s blogging forums and its impact on readers. The objective prolongs to find out the online interpersonal relations between the individuals of Muslim religion with individuals of other religions and the consequences of propagation of negative Muslim’s image in the web blogging. For this purpose, Survey method was used to seek the impact on the targeted readers and Content analysis of the blogs encompassing six bloggers from two leading newspapers’ online edition. The study implies Propaganda Model and Agenda Setting Theory by NormChomsky (1988) & Max McCombs and Donald Shaw (1968) respectively. The study reveals that propagation of negative Muslim’s image is adversely affecting the relations of individuals in online communities and Muslims are deleteriously represented in the web blogs of international newspapers.

Model of the Cultural Da’wah of the Sunan Gunung Jati and its Relevance with the Current Da’wah of Islam

The purpose of this research is to explain the model of the pre-culture that is carried out by Sunan Gunung Jati. This type of research is library research (library research). The main data sources of this study are books, journals, and other works as the main literature. Data analysis techniques use content analysis techniques by conducting source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. From the results of the study, it was concluded that the cultural propaganda model of Sunan Gunung Jati in the dissemination of Islamic teachings through petitah-petitih, authority, and ipat-ipit and magersari. The relevance of advice in petitih petitih and authority and ipat ipit is to facilitate the teachings of Islam following the cultural understanding of the community. While magersari is an implementation of the value of Islamic teachings in social interaction or muamalah.

El derecho a la comunicación en la prensa ecuatoriana ¿logro o deuda pendiente? Caso de estudio: La cobertura informativa sobre manifestaciones en Venezuela y Ecuador 2019

Con el objetivo de verificar la garantía del Derecho a la comunicación en la prensa ecuatoriana, se analiza la forma en que el diario El Comercio reportó dos eventos de protesta contra dos gobiernos cuya relación con el Establishment, o el poder establecido, es opuesta: los gobiernos de Ecuador y Venezuela en el año 2019. Los resultados se comparan con lo previsto en el artículo 22 de la Ley Orgánica de Comunicación, en relación con la obligatoriedad que tiene la prensa de contrastar fuentes sobre el tema recogido y, seguidamente, se examinan a la luz del tercer filtro del Modelo de Propaganda desarrollado por Herman y Chomsky, referido a las fuentes de las noticias. Se concluye que existe un alejamiento de la garantía del Derecho a la comunicación y la necesidad de un modelo que distribuya la propiedad mediática de manera más equitativa que el actual, para diversificar las voces que forman parte de la discusión sobre los temas de importancia social, que permitan el ejercicio de una democracia bien informada y por lo tanto plena y legítima. Palabras clave: Derecho a la comunicación; Modelo de Propaganda; prensa; Ecuador; Venezuela. Abstract In order to verify the guarantee of the Right to Communication in the Ecuadorian press, it examines how the newspaper El Comercio reported two protest events against two governments whose relationship with the Establishment, or the established power, is opposite: the governments of Ecuador and Venezuela in 2019. The results are compared with the provisions of Article 22 of the Organic Law on Communication, in relation to the obligation of the press to contrast sources on the subject collected and are then examined in the light of the third filter of the Propaganda Model developed by Herman and Chomsky, referring to the sources of the news. It is concluded that there is a departure from the guarantee of the Right to Communication and the need for a model that distributes media property more equitably than the current one, in order to diversify the voices that are part of the discussion on issues of social importance, which allow the exercise of a well-informed and therefore full and legitimate democracy. Keywords: Communication Rights; Propaganda model; press; Ecuador; Venezuela.

UKRAINOCENTRICISM AND PROPAGANDA: REALITIES OF REGIONAL TELEVISION OF LUHANSK REGION

The article considers the process of development of Luhansk regional television since the beginning of the military aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine in 2014. This period is characterized by physical occupation of Luhansk and Donetsk regions, annexation of the Republic of Crimea, aggressive hostilities under the guise of illegal armed groups. , economic and advocacy activities. The analysis of the functioning of the broadcasting system in Luhansk region showed that the transformation of the regional information field and mass information activities were significantly influenced by the accompanying military aggression - hybrid and information war. Russia's aggression against Ukraine has changed the constant mass communication activities of local, regional and national media. In May 2014, TV companies in Luhansk and Donetsk regions were seized by pro-Russian militants and later "nationalized" by the terrorist groups «LNR» and «DNR». The physical occupation of part of the territory of Luhansk (ORLO - occupied districts of Luhansk region) and Donetsk (occupied districts of Donetsk region (ORDO)) regions led to the rapid annexation of part of the information space to saturate it with Russian propaganda and local separatist television channels. At the same time, a Russian propaganda model of speech was introduced in ORDLO. Instead, the revived in evacuation channels of Ukrainian regional television (IRTA, LOT (and its successor UA:Donbass) improved the technical base of TV studios, used the latest technologies, changed the quality of content, which became intelligent, diverse, focused, including audience territories and is based on Ukraine-centric positions.

Manufacturing Consent Revisted: China’s image in selected South African media in the opening phase of the Covid-19 pandemic

The absence of any real substantial critique of China in South Africa media in the aftermath of Covid-19 is cause of concern given the increasing evidence to suggest that China is exporting its authoritarian press censorship culture abroad. South Africa, a strategic partner of China, offers insight into this “export.” In developing a methodology which asks if “China is crafting its image”, this research examines a sample of South African media between March- July 2020 to ascertain if censorship occurred. Deploying the theoretical framework of the Propaganda Model (PM) developed Herman and Chomsky’s “Manufacturing Consent” theory, the research cross analyzes via five filters to determine if China is “Manufacturing Consent” within the South African media.