scholarly journals The Impact of Threat and Efficacy on Information Security Behavior: Applying an Extended Parallel Process Model to the Fear of Ransomware.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin Masuch ◽  
Sebastian Hengstler ◽  
Laura Schulze ◽  
Simon Trang
Keyword(s):  
Information Security ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Parallel Process ◽  
Extended Parallel Process Model ◽  
Information Security Behavior ◽  
Security Behavior ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals The Impact of the Extended Parallel Process Model on Stroke Awareness

Stroke ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 40 (12) ◽  
pp. 3857-3863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen M. Davis ◽  
Diana Martinelli ◽  
Brian Braxton ◽  
Kyle Kutrovac ◽  
Todd Crocco
Keyword(s):  
Process Model ◽  
Parallel Process ◽  
Extended Parallel Process Model ◽  
Stroke Awareness ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Using the Extended Parallel Process Model to Examine the Nature and Impact of Breast Cancer Prevention Information on Mobile-Based Social Media: Content Analysis (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Chen ◽  
Xiaodong Yang ◽  
Lunrui Fu ◽  
Xiaoming Liu ◽  
Congyi Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Cancer Prevention ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Parallel Process ◽  
Breast Cancer Prevention ◽  
Extended Parallel Process Model ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND With the rise of mobile technology, an increasing number of people use mobile-based social media to access health information. Many scholars have explored the nature of health information on social media; however, the impact of such information on people was understudied. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the nature and impact of health information on mobile-based social media. Specifically, we investigated how the levels of threat and efficacy of breast cancer prevention information affect individuals’ engagement with the information, such as readings and likes. METHODS Breast cancer prevention articles posted on a Chinese mobile-based social media platform (ie, WeChat Subscription Account [WeChat SA]) from January 1 to December 31, 2017, were extracted using the Python Web Crawler. We used content analysis and analysis of covariance to analyze our data. RESULTS The results revealed that the vast majority of titles and main bodies of the articles involved one of the extended parallel process model components: threat or efficacy. CONCLUSIONS Breast cancer prevention information on WeChat SA was well designed. Both threat and efficacy significantly affected the number of readings, whereas only efficacy had a significant effect on the number of likes. Moreover, breast cancer prevention information that contained both high levels of threat and efficacy gained the largest number of readings and likes.

scholarly journals Examining the Extended Parallel Process Model for communicating about cardiovascular disease to an at-risk population utilising a think aloud methodology

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Sinead Moylett ◽  
David Hevey
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Parallel Process ◽  
Think Aloud ◽  
Extended Parallel Process Model ◽  
Comparative Risk ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact

Background: Previous research has raised a number of questions about the core propositions of the Extended Parallel Process Model (EPPM). Very few previous examinations of the model have included qualitative assessments. Methods: The current study utilised a mixed method approach to experimental test EPPM-based threat-to-efficacy ratios in health risk messages about CVD and the associated health behaviours among older adults (60+ years) who would be at an alleviated risk of CVD. The current focus is on the qualitative aspect of this assessment and utilised a think aloud methodology in order to gain greater insight into participants’ thinking and problem-solving processes when presented with EPPM-based communications about cardiovascular disease (CVD). 24 participants (4 per group; Female = 14; Age, M = 74.38, SD = 7.16) were randomly assigned to one of six EPPM threat-to-efficacy ratio CVD message groups. Results: A thematic analysis was conducted, and the important themes were those of different threat perceptions for varying CVD manifestations (heart disease versus stroke), and the role of comparative (versus personal) threat and efficacy perceptions for all participants. The difference between threat appraisals for stroke versus other CVD manifestations was a novel finding. Conclusions: For the EPPM and other theories of health risk and decision-making, the impact of comparative risk and social examples for individual threat and efficacy perceptions needs to be counted.

scholarly journals Impact of digital nudging on information security behavior: an experimental study on framing and priming in cybersecurity

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kavya Sharma ◽  
Xinhui Zhan ◽  
Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah ◽  
Keng Siau ◽  
Maggie X. Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Information Security ◽  
Dual Process ◽  
Security Risks ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Perceived Severity ◽  
Information Security Behavior ◽  
Security Behavior ◽  
Digital Nudging ◽  
The Impact

PurposePhishing attacks are the most common cyber threats targeted at users. Digital nudging in the form of framing and priming may reduce user susceptibility to phishing. This research focuses on two types of digital nudging, framing and priming, and examines the impact of framing and priming on users' behavior (i.e. action) in a cybersecurity setting. It draws on prospect theory, instance-based learning theory and dual-process theory to generate the research hypotheses.Design/methodology/approachA 3 × 2 experimental study was carried out to test the hypotheses. The experiment consisted of three levels for framing (i.e. no framing, negative framing and positive framing) and two levels for priming (i.e. with and without priming).FindingsThe findings suggest that priming users to information security risks reduces their risk-taking behavior, whereas positive and negative framing of information security messages regarding potential consequences of the available choices do not change users' behavior. The results also indicate that risk-averse cybersecurity behavior is associated with greater confidence with the action, greater perceived severity of cybersecurity risks, lower perceived susceptibility to cybersecurity risks resulting from the action and lower trust in the download link.Originality/valueThis research shows that digital nudging in the form of priming is an effective way to reduce users' exposure to cybersecurity risks.

scholarly journals Psychological predictors of intention and avoidance of attending organized mammography screening in Norway: applying the Extended Parallel Process Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Ivanova ◽  
Ingela Lundin Kvalem
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Breast Cancer Screening ◽  
Mammography Screening ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Parallel Process ◽  
Extended Parallel Process Model ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Response Efficacy

Abstract Background Mammography screening is the main method for early detection of breast cancer in Norway. Few studies have focused on psychological determinants of both attendance and non-attendance of publicly available mammography screening programs. The aim of the current study, guided by the Extended Parallel Process Model, was to examine how psychological factors influence defensive avoidance of breast cancer screening and intention to attend mammography. Methods Cross-sectional survey data from a community sample of women living in Norway aged ≥ 18 (N = 270), and without a history of breast cancer, was collected from September 2018 to June 2019 and used to investigate the relationships between the Extended Parallel Process Model (EPPM) constructs and two outcomes: defensive avoidance of breast cancer screening and intention to attend mammography within the next two years. After adjusting for confounding factors, the hierarchical multiple linear regression analyses was conducted to assess the ability of the independent variables based on the EPPM to predict the two outcome variables. Significance level was chosen at p < 0.05. Results Multivariate analyses showed that defensive avoidance of breast cancer screening was predicted by lower perceived susceptibility to breast cancer (β =  − 0.22, p = 0.001), lower response efficacy of mammography screening (β =  − 0.33, p = 0.001), higher breast cancer fear (β = 0.15, p = 0.014), and checking breasts for lumps (β =  − 0.23, p = 0.001). Intention to attend mammography within the next two years was predicted by higher response efficacy of mammography screening (β = 0.13, p = 0.032), having a lower educational level (β =  − 0.10, p = 0.041), and regular previous mammography attendance compared to never attending (β = 0.49, p = 0.001). Conclusions The study revealed that defensive avoidance of breast cancer screening and intention to attend mammography were not predicted by the same pattern of psychological factors. Our findings suggest future health promotion campaigns need to focus not only on the psychological factors that encourage women’s decision to attend the screening, but also to counter factors that contribute to women’s decision to avoid it.

Extended Parallel Process Model and H5N1 Influenza Virus

2008 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 539-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanda Siu
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Parallel Process ◽  
H5n1 Influenza Virus ◽  
Extended Parallel Process Model ◽  
Persuasive Message ◽  
H5n1 Influenza ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Promotional Message ◽  
Significant Health

This study integrated the Extended Parallel Process Model and forewarning cues to assess the promotion of preventive measures against the H5N1 influenza virus, a significant health threat that affects Asia, Europe, and the USA. There are two types of forewarning, (1) telling the audience that they will hear messages intended to persuade them and (2) telling the audience the topic and stance of the impending persuasive message. Analysis of ratings by 265 undergraduates indicated that forewarnings of the topic and stance of a promotional message on the H5N1 virus facilitated elaboration of coping-related thoughts which enhance perceived self-efficacy and a stronger behavioral intention to combat H5N1. Conversely, the elaboration of danger-related thoughts evoked some fear but enhanced source perception.

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