scholarly journals Response of Five Woody Landscape Plants to Primo and Pruning

2000 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 132-136
Author(s):  
Mack Thetford ◽  
James B. Berry
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Chinese Privet ◽  
Landscape Plants ◽  
Production Period ◽  
Ornamental Species ◽  
Control Water

Abstract The use of Primo (trinexapac-ethyl) was investigated as an alternative to pruning of container-grown woody ornamental species. A foliar spray of 469, 938, or 1407 ppm (0.5, 1.0 or 1.5 oz/gal) was applied to pruned plants. A nontreated control (water) and an industry control [Atrimmec (dikegulac-sodium)] were also included for comparison. Monthly mechanical pruning or no pruning treatments were imposed during the production period. Monthly pruning alone reduced the height of euonymus, forsythia, Chinese privet, waxleaf privet, and azalea. Efficacy of plant growth regulator treatments differed among the five species. Primo was not effective in suppressing the height or trimming dry weight of forsythia, Chinese privet, or waxleaf privet and provided only a transient suppression of euonymus and azalea.

scholarly journals Organogenesis Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Asal Eksplan Bunga Betina

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Tyas Larasati ◽  
Suci Rahayu ◽  
Fauziyah Harahap
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Female Flower ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Flower Plant ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis Jacq ◽  
Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid

The objectives of this research were to composed organ from callus culture and to found the best concentration of plant growth regulator for organ growth from female flower explant of oil palm. This research has already done from June 2014 to May 2015 at Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Tissue Culture Department of Biology Faculty of Mathematics and Science University of North Sumatera. This research used Nonfactorial Completely Random Design. Explant was treated with five concentrations of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D; 99, 110, 120, 132, and 140 mg/L) for callus induction on Y3 medium (Eeuwens 1976). The result of this research showed that organ was formed from this treatment (basal segment of female flower explant) was root organ. 2,4-D plant growth regulator positively affected to growing of the root. The best result for time of callus induction, time of root growth, the highest percentage of explants that formed the root, fresh weight and dry weight of callus that has become the root generation was resulted from 99 mg/L 2,4-D.   Key words: Elaeis guineensis Jacq., female flower, plant growth regulator 2,4-D, organogenesis

Response of winter barley cultivars to nitrogen and a plant growth regulator in relation to lodging

1991 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. White
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Unit Length ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Winter Barley ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Damage Susceptibility

SUMMARYApplications of nitrogen and a plant growth regulator (mepiquat chloride and ethephon) were used to manipulate stem structure and induce differing degrees of damage due to leaning and lodging in six cultivars of winter barley grown in Belfast, UK, in 1986/87. Weighted incidences of leaning and lodging were combined to give an index indicating damage susceptibility of the cultivars. The index was very high (70) in Pipkin and ranged between 1 and 18 in the other cultivars. Differences between cultivars in number of internodes, plant height and stem weight did not explain their differences in resistance to damage. However, dry weight per unit length ranged from 2·35 and 2·34 mg/mm in the strongest cultivars, Panda and Jennifer, respectively, to 1·75 mg/mm in the weakest cultivar, Pipkin.Nitrogen application increased plant height but did not affect dry weight/main stem, so that dry weight/unit length of stem decreased. The growth regulator treatments reduced plant height and although dry weight/stem did not decrease significantly, dry weight/unit length of stem was similar in treated and untreated plots.Dry weight/unit length has potential as an objective indicator of straw strength in winter barley cultivars and could be used in cultivar evaluation in the absence of damage in field trials.

scholarly journals Plant Growth Regulator Impacts on Vegetative Cutting Production of Moroccan Pincushion (Pterocephalus depressus) Plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-67
Author(s):  
Sean J. Markovic ◽  
James E. Klett
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Growth Index ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Stock Plant ◽  
Cutting Production

Abstract Moroccan pincushion (Pterocephalus depressus) is a drought-tolerant perennial that is being used in landscapes throughout arid areas of the western United States. This paper describes two experiments researching vegetative cutting production from stock plants. Moroccan pincushion stock plants received foliar applications of gibberellic acid (GA3), benzyladenine, ethephon, or auxin [indole-3-butyric acid (IBA)] plant growth regulators (PGR). Plant growth regulators were applied singularly and in combination with GA3 to determine efficacy on stock plant growth. A propagation study was conducted simultaneously to determine effects of these different PGR treatments applied to stock plants on the rooting of moroccan pincushion cuttings. The stock plant study showed GA3 + benzyladenine application increased cutting production over other PGR treatments. Fresh weight of moroccan pincushion cuttings did not differ among treatments. While cuttings did not differ in dry weight in experiment 1, statistical differences were observed in experiment 2. However, these differences in dry weight did not affect the quality of the cuttings. Cuttings from stock plants treated with GA3 + IBA treatment had the highest numerical growth index [(height + width + width)/3]. Cuttings from stock plants treated with GA3 alone or in combination with another PGR were all greater in average growth index and statistically differed from those without GA3 being applied. PGR treatments did not affect rooting percentages of the cuttings with nontreated stock plant cuttings successfully rooting at an average rate of 95%. However, GA3 + IBA was the only treatment where cuttings had 100% rooting for both experiments, indicating potential rooting benefits. Index words: Plant growth regulator, propagation, Pterocephalus depressus, vegetative cuttings. Species used in this study: Moroccan pincushion [Pterocephalus depressus Archibald]. Chemicals used in this study: gibberellic acid (GA3), benzyladenine, ethephon, indole-3-butyric acid (IBA).

scholarly journals Fertilizer and Plant Growth Regulator Strategies for Improving Consumer Performance of Container-grown Petunia

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Jonathan Ebba ◽  
Ryan W. Dickson ◽  
Paul R. Fisher ◽  
Crysta N. Harris ◽  
Todd Guerdat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Phase Point

The overall goal was to evaluate fertilizer options for greenhouse producers, with or without a plant growth regulator (PGR) application, to improve subsequent performance of container-grown annuals. Petunia (Petunia × hybrida) was the model container-grown crop in simulated production and consumer environments. The first experiment at two locations (New Hampshire and Florida) compared strategies using water-soluble fertilizer [WSF (17N–1.8P–14.1K)], controlled-release fertilizers (CRF), and slow-release fertilizers (SRF) that were either applied throughout or at the end of the 8-week production phase [point of shipping (POS)] for petunia rooted cuttings grown in 8-inch azalea containers. In the subsequent simulated “consumer” phase, container plants were irrigated with clear water (no fertilizer) for 6 weeks. Plant performance [number of flowers, SPAD chlorophyll index, dry weight, and tissue nitrogen (N)] at the end of the consumer phase was improved by top-dressing at POS with either CRF or granular organic fertilizer (both at 2.74 g/container N), or preplant incorporation of either a typical CRF at 4.12 g/container N or a CRF with an additional prill coating to delay initial release (DCT) at 2.74 g/container. There was no carry-over benefit from applying a liquid urea-chain product (1.37 or 2.74 g/container N) or top dressing with granular methylene di-urea (2.74 g/container N), or 400 mg·L–1 N (0.2 g/container N) from a liquid organic fertilizer at POS. The consumer benefit of applying 400 mg·L–1 N (0.2 g/container N) from a WSF at POS was increased by supplementing with 235 mg·L–1 magnesium (Mg) and 10 mg·L–1 iron (Fe). A second experiment in 10-inch-diameter pots evaluated the effect on consumer performance from providing 200 or 400 mg·L–1 N of WSF with the PGR paclobutrazol, at the final 1 L/pot irrigation at POS. Application of 3 mg·L–1 paclobutrazol delayed leaf yellowing and reduced plant height, width, and shoot dry weight during the consumer phase, resulting in a more compact growth habit and higher plant quality compared with plants that received no PGR, regardless of WSF treatment. Addition of supplemental 235 mg·L–1 Mg and 10 mg·L–1 Fe to the high rate of WSF and PGR did not improve consumer performance compared with other treatments that included a PGR. Overall, the first experiment demonstrated that the most effective fertilizer strategies require a CRF or SRF that will release nutrients throughout the consumer phase, and that impact of liquid fertilizer options is limited because of lower N supply per container. A single application at POS of a high rate of WSF with supplemental Mg and Fe may have short-term benefits, for example while plants are in a retail environment. Growers should consider combining a residual fertilizer with a PGR application for premium, value-added container annuals.

scholarly journals Effect of Induced Polyploidy on Plant Growth, Chlorophyll and Flavonoid Content of Artemisia cina

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Kasmiyati ◽  
Elizabeth Betty Elok Kristiani ◽  
Maria Marina Herawati
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
New Information ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

Artemisia cina is one of a member of genus Artemisia that has potential as a medicinal plant. However, the levels of Artemisia medicinal bioactive compounds are very low. Polyploidization is an alternative method that can enhance of growth and secondary metabolite productions of plants. The aims of this research were to determine the effect of polyploid induction using colchicine and plant growth regulator toward plant growth, the chlorophyll, kaemferol and quercetin contents of A. cina. Four different A. cina used in this research consisted of two diploid genotypes (TWN and KJT) and two polyploid genotypes (J and M). Induction of mutant polyploid was conducted using colchicine and combination of plant growth regulator benziladenyl (BA) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). The measured plant growth parameters were dry weight, leaf area, and plant height. The chlorophyll content of leaves was determined spectrophotometrically, and flavonoid content determined using HPLC. The result showed that the polyploid genotype (M) significantly decreased leaf and root growth compared to the KJT and TWN. In A. cina plants, polyploidization using colchicine is more effective in increasing the biomass than using combination plant growth regulator BA and 2,4-D. The flavonoid content of KJT was the lowest, and significantly different compared to the other plants. This study provides new information about the effect of polyploid on growth and flavonoid content in A. cina. This can be  useful information to develop A. cina to become a medicinal plant.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Asal Bahan Stek dan Jenis Zat Pengatur Tumbuh (Zpt) pada Pertumbuhan Stek Daun Lidah Mertua (Sansevieria Trifasciata)

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-98
Author(s):  
Pienyani Rosawanti
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Treatment Research ◽  
Growth Regulator Treatment

This research aims to study the growth response of plant leaf cuttings mother in-law�s tongue (Sansevieria parva) origin of cuttings and various plant growth regulator treatment. Research was using complete randomized block design (RAKL) with 6 replications. The first factor was the origin of cuttings, i.e. the top/tip leaves, the middle leave, and the bottom/leaves base. The second factor was the various plant growth regulator (PGR) treatment i.e. onion extracts, water coconut and Rootone-F. Parameters observed and measured is the experiment root length, number of roots, root wet weight and root dry weight. The results showed that plant growth regulator treatment significant effect on root length, number of roots, root wet weight, and root dry weight. The treatment combination of origin of cuttings and synthetic plant growth regulator by cutting material from the middle to give the best results on the number of root and root wet weight.

Effect of a plant growth regulator regime on internode length and weight of tillers in conventional and hybrid rye and the impact of nitrogen on crop performance

1997 ◽  
Vol 128 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. FROMENT ◽  
H. G. McDONALD
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Unit Length ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Internode Length ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Crop Performance ◽  
Growth Regulator Treatment

The effect of nitrogen and a plant growth regulator regime (chlormequat chloride followed by 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid) on the crop performance of a hybrid (cv. Luchs) and a conventionally bred winter rye (cv. Sentinel) were investigated in two field experiments each year between 1993 and 1995 at Winchester, UK. Internode length and dry weight/unit length of internodes was measured in order to assess the effect of the growth regulator regime on stem structure. Grain yields were 15% higher in the hybrid Luchs than in Sentinel. With high levels of applied nitrogen, both cultivars lodged in all seasons and this was most severe in 1994 when 88% of the crop lodged in Sentinel and 52% in Luchs. Plant growth regulator treatment consistently reduced lodging but did not eliminate it. Reductions in lodging were not always associated with an increase in grain yield. In the hybrid cultivar, the growth regulator treatment reduced yield in 1993 and 1995 when 2-chloroethyl-phosphonic acid was applied at GS49 and GS39 respectively, but increased yield in 1994 when applied at GS37. Growth regulator consistently reduced stem length, and the percentage reduction in length of the individual internodes within the stem was strongly influenced by the timing of the 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid component of the PGR treatment. Growth regulator reduced internode lengths by up to 25% in Sentinel and 35% in Luchs, and this was associated with reductions in the dry weight of internodes by up to 32% in Sentinel and 38% in Luchs. Consequently, dry weight/unit length of the stem was not increased by growth regulator treatment. Yield reductions in Luchs following growth regulator treatment may have been due to reduced stem reserves which have been associated with tolerance of stress in rye. Both cultivars were highly responsive to nitrogen. Economic optima varied from season to season, but they ranged over three years, from 175–273 kg/ha nitrogen, and were greater than the currently recommended application rates. Crop lodging increased with increasing nitrogen rate even when plant growth regulator was applied and yield penalties from lodging would have been high, if weather conditions during grain maturity had been unfavourable.

scholarly journals Evaluation of paclobutrazol application method on quality characteristics of ornamental pepper

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiane de Fátima Martins França ◽  
Lucas Cavalcante Da Costa ◽  
Wellington Souto Ribeiro ◽  
Teresa Drummond Correia Mendes ◽  
Mirelle Nayana De Sousa Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Application Method ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll ◽  
Application Methods ◽  
Pepper Cultivar

The effects of three paclobutrazol (PBZ) application methods on ornamental characteristics of two pepper cultivars (‘Biquinho Vermelha’ and ‘Bode Amarela’) were evaluated. Plant growth regulator at 10 μM PBZ was added at transplanting by drenching 250 mL PBZ solution on the pot substrate, foliar spray of 10 mL PBZ solution or by submerging seedlings root + substrate for 10 seconds in the PBZ solution. Control plants were treated with tap water applied directly on the substrate. Plant height, canopy compactness, fruits and leaves number, and leaf chlorophyll content were evaluated when 50% of the plants had approximately 30% of mature fruits (commercial maturity). PBZ applied by drenching influenced positively the ornamental characteristics of ‘Bode Amarela’. Otherwise, the best PBZ application method for ‘Biquinho Vermelha’ was not established. The results suggest that search for suitable PBZ application method that no affects the pepper ornamental characteristics must be done specifically for each pepper cultivar.

scholarly journals Manipulating Primocane Architecture in Thornless Blackberry with Uniconazole, GA3, and BA

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hermen Malik ◽  
Douglas D. Archbold
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Branch Length ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Thornless Blackberry

The potential for plant growth regulator (PGR) manipulation of `Chester Thornless' blackberry (fibus spp.) primocane growth was evaluated. PGR treatments included combinations of soil-applied uniconazole at 1, 5, 25, and 125 mg/plant and GA, foliar-applied one or two times at 100 ppm 3 and 4 weeks after a 25-mg/plant uniconazole application. Also, GA and BA were applied at 100 ppm alone or in combination one, two, or three times. Increasing rates of uniconazole reduced primocane length, leaflet count, and leaf, cane, and root dry weights. GA, applications reduced primocane length and increased branch elongation but failed to reverse the effects of uniconazole at 25 mg/plant, except those on branch length, leaflet count, and primocane dry weight. Only applications of BA + GA, increased both branch production and elongation and dry weights of some component tissues, while BA alone generally had no effects. Chemical names used: (E)-1-(p-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-1-penten-3-ol (uniconazole); N-(phenylmethyl)-1H-purin-6-amine (benzyladenine, BA); gibberellic acid (GA).

scholarly journals Flurprimidol Substrate Drenches and Foliar Sprays Control Growth of `Blue Champion' Exacum

2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 354-356
Author(s):  
Brian E. Whipker ◽  
Ingram McCall ◽  
Brian A. Krug
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Foliar Sprays ◽  
Control Growth ◽  
Exacum Affine

Flurprimidol was applied as a foliar spray (12.5, 25.0, 37.5, 50.0, or 62.5 mg·L-1) or as a substrate drench (0.015, 0.03, 0.06, 0.12, or 0.24 mg/pot a.i.) to determine its efficacy on `Blue Champion' exacum (Exacum affine). Flurprimidol substrate drenches were more consistent in controlling plant growth than foliar sprays. Substrate drenches of 0.03 mg/pot a.i. or foliar sprays ≥50 mg·L-1 resulted in smaller plant heights and diameters than the untreated control. With the use of flurprimidol, exacum growers have another plant growth regulator (PGR) available to control excessive growth.

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