scholarly journals Flurprimidol Substrate Drenches and Foliar Sprays Control Growth of `Blue Champion' Exacum

2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 354-356
Author(s):  
Brian E. Whipker ◽  
Ingram McCall ◽  
Brian A. Krug
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Foliar Sprays ◽  
Control Growth ◽  
Exacum Affine

Flurprimidol was applied as a foliar spray (12.5, 25.0, 37.5, 50.0, or 62.5 mg·L-1) or as a substrate drench (0.015, 0.03, 0.06, 0.12, or 0.24 mg/pot a.i.) to determine its efficacy on `Blue Champion' exacum (Exacum affine). Flurprimidol substrate drenches were more consistent in controlling plant growth than foliar sprays. Substrate drenches of 0.03 mg/pot a.i. or foliar sprays ≥50 mg·L-1 resulted in smaller plant heights and diameters than the untreated control. With the use of flurprimidol, exacum growers have another plant growth regulator (PGR) available to control excessive growth.

scholarly journals Comparison of Flurprimidol to Ancymidol, Paclobutrazol, and Uniconazole for Tulip Height Control

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 370-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian A. Krug ◽  
Brian E. Whipker ◽  
Ingram McCall ◽  
John M. Dole
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Height Control ◽  
Foliar Sprays ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
The Cost

Preplant bulb soaks of ancymidol, flurprimidol, paclobutrazol, and uniconazole; foliar sprays of flurprimidol; and substrate drenches of flurprimidol, paclobutrazol, and uniconazole were compared for height control of `Prominence' tulips (Tulipa sp.). Height control was evaluated at anthesis in the greenhouse and 10 days later under postharvest conditions. Substrate drenches of ancymidol, flurprimidol, and paclobutrazol resulted in adequate control using concentrations of 0.5, 0.5, and 1 mg/pot a.i. (28,350 mg = 1 oz), respectively. At these concentrations, ancymidol drenches cost $0.06/pot and paclobutrazol drenches $0.03/pot. Since flurprimidol is not yet available and no price is available, growers will need to assess the cost compared to ancymidol and paclobutrazol. Flurprimidol foliar sprays at <80 mg·L–1 (ppm) were ineffective in controlling height during greenhouse forcing, but during postharvest evaluation 80 mg·L–1 resulted in 14% shorter plants than the untreated control. Preplant bulb soaks of flurprimidol, paclobutrazol, and uniconazole at concentrations of 25, 50, and 10 mg·L–1, respectively, effectively controlled plant height. Preplant plant growth regulator soaks are a cost-effective method of controlling plant height of tulips because of the limited amount of chemical required to treat a large quantity of bulbs.

scholarly journals 250 Ornamental Cabbage and Kale Growth Response to Plant Growth Regulators

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 434B-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
James L. Gibson ◽  
Brian E. Whipker
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Foliar Sprays ◽  
Industry Standard ◽  
The Cost

Ornamental cabbage and kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala L.) plants of cultivars `Osaka White' and `Nagoya Red' were treated with paclobutrazol and uniconazole as foliar sprays or soil drenches. These treatments were compared to the industry standard of daminozide foliar sprays. Ten plant growth regulator (PGR) drench treatments (in mg a.i./pot) were applied 22 days after potting: paclobutrazol at 1 to 16 and uniconazole at 0.125 to 2. Thirteen PGR foliar sprays (in mg/L) were also applied: paclobutrazol at 5 to 80, uniconazole at 2 to 32, daminozide at 2500, 2500 (twice, with the second application occurring 14 days later), or 5000, and an untreated control. Applying drenches of paclobutrazol at 4 mg or uniconazole at 0.5 mg controlled height by 16 to 25%, but at the cost of $0.11 per pot would not be economically feasible for growers to use. Paclobutrazol foliar sprays at concentrations of up to 80 mg/L were ineffective in controlling plant height and diameter of either `Osaka White' or `Nagoya Red'. Uniconazole foliar sprays between 2 and 8 mg/L were effective in controlling height (by 19%) and diameter (by 15%) as daminozide foliar sprays of 2500 mg/L, sprayed twice, with a cost to the grower of $0.02 per pot.

scholarly journals Controlling Height and Seedling Emergence of French Marigold and Celosia Plugs with Plant Growth Regulators

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-168
Author(s):  
Stanislav V. Magnitskiy ◽  
Claudio C. Pasian ◽  
Mark A. Bennett ◽  
James D. Metzger
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Seedling Height ◽  
Foliar Sprays ◽  
Spray Applications

Abstract Soaking French marigold seeds in growth regulator solutions produced larger reductions in seedling height than foliar sprays. Seeds soaked in 1 to 5 ppm uniconazole solutions for 0.15, 5, or 45 min resulted in plants that were up to 23% shorter than controls at 30 DAS, whereas foliar applications of 10 to 20 ppm uniconazole solutions resulted in plants 18% shorter than controls at 14 DAS. French marigold seedlings from seeds soaked in 60 pm ancymidol for 5 or 45 min were 5 or 6%, respectively, shorter than controls. Foliar spray applications of 25 or 100 ppm ancymidol to French marigold seedlings resulted in plants 8% shorter than controls. Chlormequat solutions applied either as a seed soak (1000–5000 ppm) or foliar spray (500–3000 ppm) did not reduce French marigold seedling height. Emergence of French marigold seedlings from seeds soaked in uniconazole, ancymidol, or chlormequat solutions was not different from that of control seeds. No effect on seedling height or emergence was found when soaking celosia seeds in uniconazole, ancymidol, or chlormequat solutions. Spraying celosia seedlings with uniconazole, ancymidol, or chlormequat solutions did not reduce seedling height.

scholarly journals Flurprimidol Foliar Sprays and Substrate Drenches Control Growth of `Pacino' Pot Sunflowers

2004 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 411-414
Author(s):  
Brian E. Whipker ◽  
Ingram McCall ◽  
James L. Gibson ◽  
Todd J. Cavins
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Economic Advantage ◽  
Foliar Sprays ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Control Growth ◽  
Production Space ◽  
Market Requirements

Flurprimidol substrate drenches at 2 mg a.i. per 15.3 cm (6 inch) pot were more effective on `Pacino' pot sunflowers (Helianthus annuus) than flurprimidol foliar sprays of ≥30 mg.L–1 (ppm), but both treatments resulted in significantly smaller plant height and diameter than the control (28,350 mg = 1 oz). Flurprimidol drenches of 2 mg were comparable in controlling plant height and diameter to the commercial drench recommendations of 2 mg paclobutrazol. The commercial recommendation of daminozide foliar sprays at 4000 mg.L–1 had greater efficacy in controlling plant height than the most effective flurprimidol foliar sprays of ≥30 mg.L–1. Daminozide had no effect on plant diameter, while flurprimidol resulted in narrower plants. Flurprimidol and paclobutrazol drenches of 2 mg offer the economic advantage to producers of increased plant density on greenhouse benches, while plants treated with daminozide would require a greater amount of bench area. Producers should evaluate the trade-offs between the added costs of a drench vs. the higher cost-per-square-foot-week of production space required for a daminozide foliar spray. With these options, producers can select a plant growth regulator (PGR) that best fits their production and market requirements.

Promotion of flowering in young Larixlaricina grafts by gibberellin A4/7 and root pruning

1990 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 1448-1452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Throstur Eysteinsson ◽  
Michael S. Greenwood
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Root Pruning ◽  
Mature Trees ◽  
Foliar Sprays ◽  
Female Flowering

Flowering was promoted on potted, indoor, and field-grown 3-year-old juvenile and mature Larixlaricina (Du Roi) K. Koch grafts by foliar sprays of the plant-growth regulator gibberellin A4/7 and root pruning. Biweekly gibberellin A4/7 applications of three different durations, commencing at the start of long-shoot elongation, yielded similar increases in female flowering in the greenhouse; this effect was synergistically enhanced by root pruning. Male flowering was promoted by gibberellin A4/7 + root pruning in mature but not juvenile grafts. In the field, female flowering was also promoted by the gibberellin A4/7 treatment commencing at the start of shoot extension, but gibberellin A4/7 applications starting later were not effective. Grafted scions from mature trees responded significantly better to gibberellin A4/7 + root pruning than did seedling scions.

scholarly journals Evaluation of paclobutrazol application method on quality characteristics of ornamental pepper

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiane de Fátima Martins França ◽  
Lucas Cavalcante Da Costa ◽  
Wellington Souto Ribeiro ◽  
Teresa Drummond Correia Mendes ◽  
Mirelle Nayana De Sousa Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Application Method ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll ◽  
Application Methods ◽  
Pepper Cultivar

The effects of three paclobutrazol (PBZ) application methods on ornamental characteristics of two pepper cultivars (‘Biquinho Vermelha’ and ‘Bode Amarela’) were evaluated. Plant growth regulator at 10 μM PBZ was added at transplanting by drenching 250 mL PBZ solution on the pot substrate, foliar spray of 10 mL PBZ solution or by submerging seedlings root + substrate for 10 seconds in the PBZ solution. Control plants were treated with tap water applied directly on the substrate. Plant height, canopy compactness, fruits and leaves number, and leaf chlorophyll content were evaluated when 50% of the plants had approximately 30% of mature fruits (commercial maturity). PBZ applied by drenching influenced positively the ornamental characteristics of ‘Bode Amarela’. Otherwise, the best PBZ application method for ‘Biquinho Vermelha’ was not established. The results suggest that search for suitable PBZ application method that no affects the pepper ornamental characteristics must be done specifically for each pepper cultivar.

scholarly journals Response of Five Woody Landscape Plants to Primo and Pruning

2000 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 132-136
Author(s):  
Mack Thetford ◽  
James B. Berry
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Chinese Privet ◽  
Landscape Plants ◽  
Production Period ◽  
Ornamental Species ◽  
Control Water

Abstract The use of Primo (trinexapac-ethyl) was investigated as an alternative to pruning of container-grown woody ornamental species. A foliar spray of 469, 938, or 1407 ppm (0.5, 1.0 or 1.5 oz/gal) was applied to pruned plants. A nontreated control (water) and an industry control [Atrimmec (dikegulac-sodium)] were also included for comparison. Monthly mechanical pruning or no pruning treatments were imposed during the production period. Monthly pruning alone reduced the height of euonymus, forsythia, Chinese privet, waxleaf privet, and azalea. Efficacy of plant growth regulator treatments differed among the five species. Primo was not effective in suppressing the height or trimming dry weight of forsythia, Chinese privet, or waxleaf privet and provided only a transient suppression of euonymus and azalea.

scholarly journals EFFICACY OF FLURPRIMIDOL (TOPFLOR) ON WARM-SEASON BEDDING PLANTS

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 881f-882 ◽  
Author(s):  
James L. Gibson ◽  
Shannon Crowley
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Growth Control ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Retail Sales ◽  
Bedding Plants ◽  
Foliar Sprays ◽  
Bedding Plant ◽  
Portulaca Grandiflora

The objective of this study was to compare the effects of flurprimidol or paclobutrazol on the growth of four bedding plant species: nicotiana (Nicotiana ×sanderae), portulaca (Portulaca grandiflora), verbena (Verbena ×hybrida), and zinnia (Zinnia elegans). Plants were treated 10 days after transplanting with foliar sprays of five concentrations (in mg·L–1): 5, 10, 20, 40, or 80 from each plant growth regulator. Phytotoxicity symptoms were not observed on plants sprayed with flurprimidol or paclobutrazol. Foliar sprays of flurprimidol at 20 mg·L–1 and paclobutrazol at 80 mg·L–1 provided sufficient growth control of nicotiana for retail sales, while concentrations of 40 to 80 mg·L–1 flurprimidol produced more compact plants for wholesale production. For portulaca only flurprimidol sprays of 40 and 80 mg·L–1 produced plants that were proportionate to the container. Foliar sprays of flurprimidol at 20 mg·L–1 and paclobutrazol at 40 mg·L–1 controlled growth of verbena and zinnia suitable for retail sales, while concentrations of 40 mg·L–1 flurprimidol and 80 mg·L–1 paclobutrazol provided more compact plants which may be useful for wholesale growers. Concentrations were based under Florida conditions and should be adjusted for other areas.

scholarly journals Differential Expression of Key Floral Initiation Genes in Response to Plant Growth Regulator Application and Alternate Bearing in Pecan

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Marisa Y. Thompson ◽  
Jennifer J. Randall ◽  
Dawn VanLeeuwen ◽  
Richard J. Heerema
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Differential Expression ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Tissue Type ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Floral Initiation ◽  
Alternate Bearing ◽  
Flowering Genes

Regarding pecan (Carya illinoinensis), alternate bearing, which is a biennial fluctuation of crop yield, is a major hindrance for the pecan industry. Little is known about the internal cues that trigger pecan shoots to become reproductive. This 2-year study approached the mysteries of alternate bearing of pecan by determining whether pecan homologs of three genes known to control floral initiation in other species are expressed differently at various times of the growing season or in distinct plant tissues, and whether expression of these genes can be manipulated by plant growth regulator (PGR) application when compared with an untreated control group. The flowering genes of interest were pecan homologs of leafy (CpLFY), apetala1 (CpAP1), and flowering locus t (CpFT). During year 1 (2014), PGRs ethephon and gibberellin GA3 were applied at the shoot level 1 week before each of three tissue sampling dates (13 June, 3 July, 29 July). During the following year (2015), two more PGRs were added to the study [a second double rate (2X) of gibberellin GA3 and ethylene inhibitor aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG)] for a total of four PGRs (applied on 10 June, 1 July, and 23 July) plus the untreated control. Experimental leaf and bud tissues were sampled from fruiting and nonfruiting shoots on mature ‘Western’ pecan trees and analyzed separately. Normalized expression levels of CpLFY and CpAP1 were significantly higher in buds than in leaves. Normalized expression of CpLFY in bud tissues differed statistically based on the sampling date in 2014, with the earliest date (13 June) having higher expression than the two later dates that year. In 2015, a treatment × date interaction revealed that, compared with the untreated control, CpLFY expression was significantly lower in shoots treated with both gibberellin GA3 dosages on 1 July. A few weeks later (23 July), CpLFY expression was lower in the 2X GA3 treatment group and higher in samples treated with AVG. In 2014, CpAP1 expression in buds was significant, with a treatment × date interaction in which ethephon increased CpAP1 expression, but only on one date (29 July). In 2015, bud CpAP1 expression was significantly higher in fruiting than in nonfruiting shoots; however, again, only on one date. The results reveal differential expression of these key flowering genes based on tissue type, sampling date, and fruiting status of the shoot and PGR treatment. Results suggest that more research of the effects of PGRs is necessary for understanding the flowering behavior of pecan and mitigating the intensity of alternate bearing.

scholarly journals Physalis size reduction for potted ornamental plant use

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 555-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Bosch ◽  
Francine Lorena Cuquel ◽  
Grasiela Bruzamarello Tognon
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Ornamental Plant ◽  
Plant Use ◽  
Potted Plant ◽  
Physalis Angulata ◽  
Plant Acceptability

ABSTRACT The consumer's constant search for novelties in the area of ornamental plants has inspired the use of species that are normally used for other purposes, such as fruit-bearing plants, to be introduced into floriculture. The physalis, a fruit-bearing plant, with a beautiful accrescent fruiting calyx that envelops the berry, can be used for these purposes. However, this plant can reach 70 cm high, which makes it unviable to be used as an indoor plant. The objective of this research was to decrease the size of the physalis (Physalis angulata) for ornamental use, pot it and apply the plant growth regulator Paclobutrazol (PBZ). The PBZ growth regulator was applied only once, via foliar spray at the concentrations of 0, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 mg a.i L- 1, as well as via irrigation in the substrate at concentrations of 0, 5, 10, 15, 30 and 60 mg a.i L- 1. Along with the quantitative variables, a plant acceptability test was carried out when it was considered ideal for commercialization. The obtained results clearly show that it is possible to reduce the size of the physalis for use as a potted plant by using PBZ with foliar applications at the concentration of 90 mg a.i L-1 or by using irrigation applications directly in the substrate at a concentration of 5 mg a.i L-1.

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