Treatment of thyroid dysfunction in a medical specialist’s office – the role of levothyroxine

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 388-391
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Bornikowska ◽  
Wojciech Zgliczyński
Keyword(s):  
Multinodular Goiter ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
American Association ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Endocrine Disorders ◽  
American Thyroid Association ◽  
First Line ◽  
Daily Dose ◽  
First Line Treatment

Synthetic levothyroxine is the first line treatment for hypothyroidism, one of the most common endocrine disorders, independently its cause, in all age groups. The Polish Endocrinological Society, together with European Thyroid Association, American Thyroid Association and American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, do not recommend the use of dried thyroid preparations, triiodothyronine or combined preparations of thyroxine with triiodothyronine. The objective of treatment is to achieve biochemical and clinical euthyroidism monitored by TSH and/or FT4 levels. The daily dose of levothyroxine depends on many factors, including the etiology and severity of hypothyroidism, age, body weight, pregnancy and comorbidities. Routinely, levothyroxine is administered on an empty stomach at least 30 minutes before breakfast (ATA 2014 recommend up to 60 minutes interval between meal and taking the drug). Levothyroxine can also be used in combination therapy in Graves’ disease. Currently, the routine use of synthetic sodium levothyroxine in patients with multinodular goiter is not recommended because it increases the risk of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women and atrial fibrillation in patients after 60 year of life.

A REVIEW ON THE ROLE OF TYROSINE KINASE INHIBITORS AVAILABLE FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-211
Author(s):  
Kaynat Fatima ◽  
Syed Tasleem Raza ◽  
Ale Eba ◽  
Sanchita Srivastava ◽  
Farzana Mahdi
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Tyrosine Kinase ◽  
Protein Kinases ◽  
Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Kinase Inhibitors ◽  
Line Treatment ◽  
First Line ◽  
First Line Treatment

The function of protein kinases is to transfer a γ-phosphate group from ATP to serine, threonine, or tyrosine residues. Many of these kinases are linked to the initiation and development of human cancer. The recent development of small molecule kinase inhibitors for the treatment of different types of cancer in clinical therapy has proven successful. Significantly, after the G-protein-coupled receptors, protein kinases are the second most active category of drug targets. Imatinib mesylate was the first tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), approved for chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) treatment. Imatinib induces appropriate responses in ~60% of patients; with ~20% discontinuing therapy due to sensitivity, and ~20% developing drug resistance. The introduction of newer TKIs such as, nilotinib, dasatinib, bosutinib, and ponatinib has provided patients with multiple options. Such agents are more active, have specific profiles of side effects and are more likely to reach the necessary milestones. First-line treatment decisions must be focused on CML risk, patient preferences and comorbidities. Given the excellent result, half of the patients eventually fail to seek first-line treatment (due to discomfort or resistance), with many of them needing a third or even further therapy lines. In the present review, we will address the role of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in therapy for chronic myeloid leukemia.

scholarly journals CHRONIC ANAL FISSURE

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (04) ◽  
pp. 562-565
Author(s):  
ABID HUSSAIN ◽  
KISHWAR NAHEED
Keyword(s):  
Anal Fissure ◽  
Chronic Anal Fissure ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Anal Verge ◽  
Symptomatic Relief ◽  
First Line ◽  
Detailed History ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Line Treatment

Objective: To determine the role of chemical syphincterotomy as non surgical management of chronic anal fissure. Study Design: Descriptive. Setting: This study was conducted at Margalla teaching Hospital and United Medical center .Rawalpndi. Period: 1½ years. Patients & Methods: This study included 70 patients of either sex. A personal bio data and detailed history of dietary and bowel habits were registered. Topical 0.2% GTN (Gylciryltrinitrate) was applied to anal verge 2 times per day for the period of two months and its effects were noted. Result: 58 patients (83%) got symptomatic relief and 12 patients (17%) did not get improvement. Conclusions: Chemical syphincterotomy heals majority of the fissure . Topical 0.2% GNT ointment is widely used as a first line treatment in U.K . It is generally accepted as an effective treatment for chronic fissure .

scholarly journals Role of VAD Regimen as the First-Line Treatment in Multiple Myeloma

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-69
Author(s):  
SS Mahmood ◽  
AKM Abedin ◽  
H Islam ◽  
N Jubaida ◽  
NM Kawsar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Line Treatment ◽  
First Line ◽  
First Line Treatment

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v8i2.16357 JAFMC Vol.8(2) 2012 pp.64-69

Role of Catheter Ablation as a First-Line Treatment for Atrial Fibrillation

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim El Masri ◽  
Sharif M Kayali ◽  
Theodore Manolukas ◽  
Yehoshua C. Levine
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Catheter Ablation ◽  
Line Treatment ◽  
First Line ◽  
First Line Treatment

scholarly journals The role of maintenance therapy in the first line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. v63
Author(s):  
D. Gridnev ◽  
A. Popov ◽  
E. Vozny ◽  
V. Makarov ◽  
D. Islamova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Maintenance Therapy ◽  
Metastatic Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Line Treatment ◽  
First Line ◽  
First Line Treatment

scholarly journals Redefining the role of etoposide in first-line treatment of peripheral T-cell lymphoma

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (24) ◽  
pp. 2138-2146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Ae Kim ◽  
Ja Min Byun ◽  
Keeho Park ◽  
Gi Hwan Bae ◽  
Dukhyoung Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Line Treatment ◽  
First Line ◽  
Peripheral T Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Asian Populations ◽  
Key Points ◽  
First Line Treatment

Key Points Etoposide addition/chemo-intensification has little role in first-line treatment of PTCL in Asian populations, regardless of subtype or age. Upfront hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation as consolidation seems like a legitimate choice in patients with PTCL.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document