scholarly journals THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ASYMPTOMATIC BACTERIURIA AND GLYCEMIC CONTROL IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reni Marlina ◽  
Ricke Loesnihari ◽  
Santi Syafril
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽  
Poor Glycemic Control ◽  
Good Glycemic Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Symptomatic Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Urinary Glucose

The incidence of infection often occurs in patients with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) due to hyperglycemia that causes dysfunction of chemotaxis, phagocytic activity, malfunction of neutrophils and glycosuria. It is followed by other complications that lead to the malfunction of the bladder. Highly urinary glucose level is an exellent medium for pathogenic microorganisms growth. Asymptomatic Bacteriuria (ASB) is a risk factor for symptomatic urinary tract infection spontaneously or due to urinary catheters. This study aimed to analyze the association between the incidence of ASB of type 2 DM and glycemic control. The study was conducted during June-August 2016 with a cross-sectional method. Subjects were type 2 DM patients with age ≤60 years, who were treated in the Endocrinology Out-Patient Clinic of the Adam Malik Hospital. HbA1c was measured by Indiko automatic analyzer. Its association with urine culture results was analyzed. A total of 50 samples were enrolled, consisting of 25 females, and 25 males, with 19 having an exellent glycemic control (HbA1c <7%) and 31 with poor glycemic control (HbA1c ≥7%). Thirteen positive ASB were found, 5 with good glycemic control and 8 with poor glycemic control. Statistical analysis revealed a nonsignificant association between glycemic control and culture results (p = 1.000). Somers’d did not show a significant association between glycemic control and the incidence of ASB (p=0.968, d=-0.005). However, significant differences in culture results between gender, in which the ASB were found in samples of four females and two males (p=0.004). Somers’d revealed a significant association between culture results and gender (p=0.001; d=-0.360). Most of the bacteria found were Gram-negative. There was no significant association between glycemic control with an incidence of ASB. However, gender had significant differences in the incidence of ASB, which occurred more frequently in DM females than males. Urinalysis should be performed in patients with type 2 DM with ASB. However, further study was needed to analyze the relationship between glycemic control with the incidence of ASB and other factors that might affect the incidence of ASB.

scholarly journals A STUDY ON THE CORRELATION OF ADENOSINE DEAMINASE AND GLYCATED HAEMOGLOBIN IN THE PATIENTS OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS.

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Supriya Singh ◽  
Arpita Suri ◽  
Maheep Sinha ◽  
Bushra Fiza
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Adenosine Deaminase ◽  
Glycated Haemoglobin ◽  
Poor Glycemic Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Good Glycemic Control ◽  
Type 2 Dm

Background & Objectives:  Adenosine modulates insulin action on various tissues and its concentration in tissues is affected by Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) levels. ADA is an enzyme involved in purine metabolism and is considered to be a marker of T cell activation. Immunological disturbances in type 2 diabetic individuals have an association with cell mediated responses and inappropriate T-lymphocyte function. Hence, the study was undertaken to determine the levels of Serum ADA activity in patients of type 2 DM and its correlation with parameters of glycemic profile such as Fasting blood sugar (FBS) and Glycated Haemoglobin. Material and Methods- A total of 100 patients diagnosed for type 2 DM visiting the Outpatient Department of General Medicine and Endocrinology at Mahatma Gandhi Medical College & Hospital, Jaipur were enrolled for the study based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Blood samples were collected for all enrolled patients and analysed for the investigations like Serum BSF, HbA1c and Serum ADA. Results- In the study, BSF, mean HbA1c and serum ADA level was significantly higher in diabetic group in comparison to control group (p=0.000). The diabetic group was subdivided on the basis of HbA1c levels, HbA1c ≤ 8% as good glycemic control and HbA1c > 8% as poor glycemic control. BSF, mean HbA1c and serum ADA levels were observed to be significantly higher in poor glycemic control group as compared to that of good glycemic control. A significant positive correlation between S. ADA and HbA1c activity was also seen (r= 0.388). Conclusion- Increased ADA level can be used to determine the glycemic status in the patients of type 2 DM and serve as a marker for insulin resistance. Hence, by analysing ADA levels in diabetes, glycemic control and insulin resistance can be assessed. Raised ADA levels can be an early indicator of progressive diabetic change and help to take preventive measures for the development of diabetic complication and thereby improving the outcome of the disease. Keywords- Diabetes Mellitus, Adenosine Deaminase, Glycated haemoglobin

scholarly journals Relation Between Tiroid Status with Glycemic Control of Type 2 DM Patients at RSPAD Gatot Soebroto

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kartika Yulianti ◽  
◽  
Aris Wibudi ◽  
Mila Citrawati ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Poor Glycemic Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Type 2 Dm

ABSTRACT Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a group of symptoms that arise due to increased blood sugar levels. Diabetes Mellitus type 2 has a higher risk of developing thyroid dysfunction. Thyroid dysfunction can affect various body metabolism and result in insulin resistance, significantly affecting glycemic control in DM patients. This study aimed to determine the relation between thyroid status as assessed by the level of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4), and glycemic control (HbA1c). Subjects and Method: A cross-sectional study. A sample of 38 DM patients was selected by purposive sampling. The dependent variable was glycemic control. The independent variables were TSH and FT4. Patients were classified into 4 quartiles (Q) based on their TSH and FT4 levels. Statistic test used was non parametric for category group of variables, which was Chi square test. Results: Mean of fasting blood glucose was 200,56 mg/dL (modus 137 mg/dL), mean of 2 hours post prandial blood glucose was 247 mg/dL (modus 305 mg/dL). Subjetcs with poor glycemic control dominated as much as 76%. Most subjects had TSH level at Q4 (36%), while most of the subjects had FT4 level at Q1 (34%). The results showed that 38 samples with poor glycemic control were 72% in the 4th quartile (Q4) (> 3.1750 mU / L) TSH, and 64.7% were in Q1 (≤ 11.8400) FT4. The analysis showed that there was a significant relation between TSH (p = 0.047) and FT4 (p = 0.041) with glycemic control in type 2 DM patients. Conclusion: FT4 and TSH levels relate to glycemic control in type 2 DM patients Keywords: TSH, FT4, HbA1c, Diabetes Mellitus Correspondence: Mila Citrawati. Department of Faal, Faculty of Medicine, UPN Veteran, Jakarta. Jl. RS Fatmawati, Pondok Labu, South Jakarta 12450, Telp. (021) 7656971. E-mail: [email protected]. Mobile: 081282990515 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.05.12

scholarly journals Rate of glycemic control and associated factors among type two diabetes mellitus patients in Ethiopia: A cross sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e0251506
Author(s):  
Shambel Nigussie ◽  
Nigussie Birhan ◽  
Firehiwot Amare ◽  
Getnet Mengistu ◽  
Fuad Adem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Poor Glycemic Control ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective To assess the rate of glycemic control and associated factors among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at Dilchora Referral Hospital, Dire Dawa, Eastern Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from 13 May to 16 August 2019. Type 2 diabetic patients on follow up at Dilchora Referral Hospital who fulfilled the inclusion criteria of the study were included. Systematic random sampling was used to select study participants. Data was collected by a face-to-face interview and review of medical records. The primary outcome was the level of blood glucose during three consecutive visits. Poor glycemic control was defined as a blood sugar level of more than 154 mg/dL based on the average of measurements from three consecutive visits. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify determinants of glycemic control. Result A total of 394 participants responded to the interview and were included in the final analysis. The overall prevalence of poor glycemic control was 45.2% (95%CI: 40.6%-50.0%). Patients who were on oral anti-diabetic drug plus insulin had more than two times greater chance of poor glycemic control than patients on oral anti-diabetic drug alone: 2.177(95%CI:1.10–4.29). The odds of poor glycemic control in patients who did not understand the pharmacist’s instructions was two times higher than patients with good understanding of instructions 1.86(95%CI: 1.10–3.13). Patients who had poor level of practice were found to have poor glycemic control: 1.69(95% CI: 1.13–2.55). Conclusion The overall prevalence of poor glycemic control was high among type 2 diabetes patients. Oral anti-diabetic drugs in combination with insulin, lack of understanding of pharmacist’s advice, and poor practice of diabetic patients were significant factors of poor glycemic control. Pharmacists should reassure the understanding of patients before discharge during counseling. Optimization of the dose of antidiabetic medications and combination of oral hypoglycemic agents should be considered.

ANGKA BANDING ALBUMIN KREATININ AIR KEMIH DAN HbA1C SERTA ESTIMASI LAJU FILTRASI GLOMERULUS PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 250
Author(s):  
Amiroh Kurniati ◽  
Tahono Tahono
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Clinical Pathology ◽  
Poor Glycemic Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pathology Laboratory ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chronic Hyperglycemia ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Spearman Correlation Test

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) type 2 is a metabolic disease that prevalence increasing. A chronic hyperglycemia with poor glycemic control can stimulate oxidative stress, which will continue to occurrence of complications in the kidneys characterized by the presenceof microalbuminuria can be measured by the ratio of urinary albumin creatinine ratio (UACR) and the change in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). The aims of this study was to know the correlation between the UACR with HbA1c value and eGFR in patients with type 2 DM by finding them out. This study used cross sectional research design. Subjects were patients with type 2 DM who attend control in Endocrinology Subdivision of Internal Medicine Departement and perform blood and urine tests in Clinical Pathology Laboratory in Dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta in August 2013. To determine the pattern of the data distribution, the researchers used KolmogorovSmirnov test, and to analyse the result used Spearman (r) correlation with p<0.05 and confidence interval 95%. Statistical analysis using Spearman correlation test (r), significant when p<0.05 with 95% confidence intervals. From 68 samples examined the mean age is 60.9 year old, with equal participants for male and female (34 subjects each). Most subjects were in poor glycemic control group (72.1%) and in the range of microalbuminuria (44.1%). There was a significant correlation between UACR with HbA1c and eGFR in type 2 DM patient (r=0.412, p=0.000; and r= -0.270, p=0.02, respectively). Based on this study it can be concluded that increased UACR were associated with worsened glycemic control and were characterized by higher levels of HbA1c and its eGFR value would be lower. Further analysis requires further research with a larger sample size and more attention to the factors that may affect the related examination

scholarly journals Correlation of serum lipid profile and glycemic control parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-116
Author(s):  
Emina Panjeta ◽  
Radivoj Jadrić ◽  
Mirsad Panjeta ◽  
Jozo Ćorić ◽  
Amela Dervišević
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type ◽  
Poor Glycemic Control ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Good Glycemic Control

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus type 2 has become a global health-care problem of modern society due to a pronounced increase of prevalence to pandemic proportions and vascular complications. At present, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is widely accepted as a measure of glycemic control in established diabetes. The aim of this study was to analyze the lipid profile in serum of patients with diabetes mellitus type 2, and its relationship with HbA1c levels. Methods: The observational cross-sectional study included 60 diabetic patients, 30 men, and 30 women, age 32–94 years. Patients were assigned into two groups based on HbA1c values; Group 1: HbA1c ≤ 7% (good glycemic control) and Group 2: HbA1c > 7% (poor glycemic control). We analyzed the concentration of glucose, HbA1c, and lipid profile including total cholesterol levels, triglycerides (TAG), low-density lipoproteins (LDL), and high-density lipoproteins (HDL). Results: Significantly lower values of glucose concentration, TAG and the ratio TAG/HDLc were obtained in the group of patients with good glycemic control. (p < 0.0005) Patients with good glycemic control had lower values of Castelli 1 and Castelli 2 index, and atherogenic index of plasma, compared to patients with poor glycemic control, but this difference was not significant. (p > 0.005) Our study revealed a significant positive correlation between HbA1c and triglyceride level (r = 0.375; p = 0.003) and HbA1c and ratio triglyceride/HDLc (r = 0.335; p = 0.009). Conclusion: HbA1c can also be used as a predictor of dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetics in addition to as a glycemic control parameter.

scholarly journals Predictors of Glycemic Control Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes in North West Ethiopia: A Longitudinal Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nigusie Gashaye Shita ◽  
Ashagrie Sharew Iyasu
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Good Glycemic Control ◽  
Type 2 Dm

Abstract Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with hyperglycemia for a long period of time are significant causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Studying the predictors of glycemic control help to minimize deaths and the development of acute and chronic diabetes complication. Hence, the aim of this study is to asses’ predictors of glycemic control among patients with Type 2 diabetes in Ethiopia. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted among Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients enrolled between December 2011 and December 2012 at Debre Markos and Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital. A total of 191 T2DM patients was included in the study who meets the eligibility criteria. Generalized linear mixed model was employed. Results The prevalence of good glycemic control among type 2 diabetes patients was 58.4% where as 23.25% of variation was explained in the fitted model due to adding the random effects. The significance predictors of glycemic control among patients with Type 2 diabetes at 95% confidence level were reside in rural(0.454, 0.614)), patients age 38–50, 51–59 and 60–66 years(1.267,1.776), (1.057,1.476) and (1.004, 1.403), respectively, Proteinuria positive(1.211,1.546), diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 (1.101, 1.522), systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 (1.352, 1.895), creatinine (0.415, 0.660), duration per visit (0.913, 0.987), duration since diagnosis (0.985, 0.998), weight 78–88(0.603, 0.881). Conclusion Level of glycemic control among type 2 diabetes patients was poor. Resident, age, weight, duration of T2DM since diagnosis, duration of type 2 DM per visit, follow up time, protein urea, diastolic blood pressure, systolic blood pressure and creatinine were significant predictors of glycemic control among type 2 DM patients. During diabetic patients follow up, clinicians should give appropriate attention to these significant variables for good glycemic control since it is the main goal of diabetes management.

scholarly journals Asymptomatic Malaria And Glycemic Control Among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients In A Rural Tertiary Health Facility In Ido- Ekiti, Southwestern Nigeria- A Cross Sectional Study.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azeez Oyemomi Ibrahim ◽  
Tosin Anthony Agbesanwa ◽  
Segun Mathew Agboola ◽  
Olabode Muftau Shabi ◽  
Adewumi Oluwaserimi Ajetunmobi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Poor Glycemic Control ◽  
Asymptomatic Malaria ◽  
Malaria Parasitaemia ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background: : Despite the high burden of Asymptomatic Malaria and Type 2 diabetes mellitus in sub-Saharan African, limited data exist regarding their co-occurrence and its associated clinical impacts of asymptomatic malaria parasitaemia on Type 2 diabetes mellitus in rural setting. The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of glycemic control and asymptomatic malaria parasitaemia; and to investigate the influence of socio-demographic characteristics and asymptomatic malaria parasitaemia on glycemic control among patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods: Hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 150 T2DM patients at Federal Teaching Hospital, Ido-Ekiti, SouthWestern Nigeria, between April and September 2019. Systematic random sampling technique was adopted to recruit the respondents. Socio-demographic data were obtained using a semi- structured interviewer administered questionnaire and clinical files. Venous blood samples were collected and processed for glycosylated haemoglobin sugar estimation and malaria parasite detection by microscopy. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the influence of asymptomatic malaria parasitaemia and the socio-demographic profile on glycemic control.Results: The mean age, mean glycemic control and mean parasite density of the respondents were 64.8±11.1 years, 6.9±2.1% and 1123.4±433.8 respectively. The prevalence of poor glycemic control and asymptomatic malaria parasitaemia were 30.0% and 14.0% respectively. Old age, female gender, lack of formal education and asymptomatic malaria parasitaemia were associated with poor glycemic control.Conclusion: The study revealed that Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Ido-Ekiti, Nigeria, harbor asymptomatic malaria parasitaemia and that Asymptomatic malaria parasitaemia, old age, female gender and illiteracy were negative predictors of glycemic control. Therefore, type 2 diabetes mellitus patient with poor glycemic control should be screened for asymptomatic malaria parasitaemia. Also, respondents with these identified predictors should be targeted with focus care and qualitative health education to improve their glycemic control level.

scholarly journals Correlation between Serum Magnesium Levels and HbA1C in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-144
Author(s):  
Madhavi Kondeti ◽  
Thejaswini Lalitha ◽  
Sathyam Durgam ◽  
Anuswaru M
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Serum Magnesium ◽  
Poor Glycemic Control ◽  
Good Glycemic Control ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Group A

Background and Objective: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic disease resulting from acomplex inheritance, environmental interaction along with risk factors such as obesity andsedentary life style. Magnesium has been stated to have potential role in improving insulinsensitivity and preventing diabetes related complications. Hypomagnesaemia is proposed as oneof the factor in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications. The aim of our study is to estimatethe correlation between serum Magnesium levels and the level of Glycemic control (HbA1c) inpatients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Methods: This is an observational study conducted in SVRRGGH and SVMC, Tirupati, AndhraPradesh which included 94 patients with type 2 Diabetes mellitus of more than 5 years duration.These patients were divided into 2 groups based on level of Diabetic control. Group A included30 patients with HbA1c below 7.0mg/dL (good glycemic control) and Group B included 64patients with HbA1c above 7.0mg/dL (poor glycemic control). In both the groups SerumMagnesium levels were estimated.Results: Mean Serum Magnesium levels in Group A was 2.280±0.3955mg/dL while in Group Bit was 2.087±0.5834 mg/dL with a p-value 0.0379 (<0.05) which is statistically significant. Inour study though the mean values of serum Magnesium are within normal reference range, meanvalues of serum Magnesium levels in patients with poor glycemic control(HbA1c>7.0) arestatistically low as compared to patients with good glycemic control (HbA1c <7.0).Discussion: It has been reported that Serum Magnesium levels are lower in uncontrolleddiabetics when compared to controlled diabetics and also serum magnesium levels vary withtreatment for diabetes. In our study, although the mean values of serum magnesium in bothgroups are within Normal reference range (1.7-2.2mg/dL), they are statistically low in groupwith poor glycemic control (HbA1c >7.0mg/dL) when to group with good glycemic control(HbA1c< 7.0mg/dL).Thus this gives an insight into the association of hypomagnesaemia andlevel of diabetic control.Conclusion: This effective comparative study of deals with varying Magnesium levels inspecific diabetic therapies and analysed the effect of urinary magnesium detected inHypermagnesuria with Magnesium supplementation.

CORRELATION BETWEEN LIPID PROFILE AND HbA1C IN GOOD AND POOR GLYCEMIC CONTROL TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL.

2021 ◽  
pp. 84-85
Author(s):  
Vinitha. S ◽  
Veena Juliette. A
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Poor Glycemic Control ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Good Glycemic Control ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
History Of

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a globally acknowledged health issue with its effect on human health, living standards, economy and health system. HbA C levels are routinely measured to monitor glycemic control. HbA C level 1 1 <7% is considered good glycemic control and HbA C level> 7% is considered poor glycemic control. Previous studies have reported that HbA C 1 1 level can be utilized as a possible biomarker for predicting dyslipidemia and consequent cardiovascular disease in diabetes mellitus patients. The aim of this study is to nd the association of lipid prole with HbA C in good glycemic control and poor glycemic control T2DM. This is a cross 1 sectional study conducted on 100 patients attending OPD with established diagnosis of T2DM of both sexes with no history of cardiovascular, renal or thyroid disease or history of lipid lowering drug intake. They were analysed for fasting (FBS) and postprandial (PBS) blood sugar, lipid prole and HbA C. Patients were classied into poor and good glycemic control groups based on their HbA C values. This study showed strong 1 1 positive correlation between FBS and HbA C. Lipid levels were higher in poor glycemic control groups with total cholesterol and low density 1 lipoprotein cholesterol showing signicant positive correlation with HbA C .Total triglycerides and HDL do not show any signicant correlation 1 with HbA C.

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