scholarly journals Black City and White Country. Immigration and Identity in the History of British Decolonization

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benedikt Stuchtey
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
British Society ◽  
World War ◽  
Self Image ◽  
Construction Of Self ◽  
History Of ◽  
Multiethnic Societies ◽  
Second World

This essay looks at the question of integrative and disintegrative elements of imperial rule in multiethnic societies and tries to identify lines of continuity between the imperial past and post-imperial realities. What influence did immigration have on the construction of self-image in Britain after the Second World War, and what historical continuities existed, particularly with respect to ethnic policies? Clearly, imperialism deeply unsettled British society, as did the empire unsettle the former colonial world. It is also at this point where the tension between the concepts of Empire, Britishness, and Englishness enter the debate.

De plaats van Robert Verbelen in de geschiedenis van de Vlaamse beweging

2012 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-232
Author(s):  
Alexander Jocqu
Keyword(s):  
War Crimes ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Entire Period ◽  
Virtual Link ◽  
World War ◽  
National History ◽  
Self Image ◽  
History Of ◽  
Austrian Capital ◽  
Second World

Robert Verbelen is in België hoofdzakelijk bekend in de context van de radicale collaboratie tijdens de Tweede Wereldoorlog. Als leider van het zogenaamde Veiligheidskorps trad de toenmalige SS’er gewelddadig op tegen acties van het verzet. Desalniettemin beschouwde Verbelen zichzelf in eerste instantie als een Vlaamse idealist en voorman. Dit artikel onderzoekt waarop dit (zelf)beeld is gebaseerd en of het correct is.In zijn jeugd engageerde Verbelen zich inderdaad in Vlaamsgezinde organisaties, zoals de Vlaamsche Voetbalbond. Vanaf het uitbreken van de Tweede Wereldoorlog tot aan zijn dood heeft Verbelen echter geen enkele concrete bijdrage meer geleverd aan de Vlaamse ontvoogdingsstrijd. Nadat hij een tiental jaar actief was als spion in Amerikaanse loondienst, verwierf Verbelen in 1959 de Oostenrijkse nationaliteit en in 1965 werd hij te Wenen wegens oorlogsmisdaden berecht. Verbelen werd vrijgesproken en hij woonde tot zijn dood in 1990 in de Oostenrijkse hoofdstad.Verbelen handhaafde al die tijd wel een virtuele band met Vlaanderen: hij onderschreef een legitimerende en gemythologiseerde Vlaams-nationalistische geschiedenis, die hij via interviews, spreekbeurten en geschriften tevens vorm gaf en in stand hield. Omdat Verbelen daarin zo ver ging, terwijl hij zich tijdens de Tweede Wereldoorlog dermate had gecompromitteerd, distantieerde zelfs de meest extreem Vlaams-nationalistische strekking binnen de Vlaamse beweging zich van hem.________Robert Verbelen’s place in the history of the Flemish movement. Robert Verbelen is mainly known in Belgium in the context of his radical collaboration during the Second World War. As the head of the so-called Security Corps, the then SS member, engaged in violent repression of actions of resistance.   However, Verbelen considered himself foremost a Flemish idealist and leader. This article investigates what this (self)image is based on and whether it is correct. In fact, during his youth, Verbelen was involved in Pro Flemish organisations like the Flemish Football League. However, from the outbreak of the Second World War until his death, Verbelen made no more concrete contributions to the Flemish battle for emancipation. After serving for around ten years as a spy employed by the Americans, Verbelen acquired the Austrian nationality in 1959; and in 1965, he was court-martialed in Vienna for war crimes. Verbelen was acquitted and until his death in 1990, he lived in the Austrian capital. During this entire period, Verbelen did in fact maintain a virtual link with Flanders: he endorsed a legitimising and mythologized Flemish National history, which he both shaped and preserved by means of interviews, lectures and writing. Because of Verbelen’s extreme views in these writings and the fact that he had seriously incriminated himself during the Second World War, even the most extreme Flemish-Nationalist tendencies within the Flemish movement distantiated themselves from him.

War and Social History: Britain and the Home Front during the Second World War

1992 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Harris
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Home Front ◽  
Social Solidarity ◽  
British Society ◽  
World War ◽  
National Unity ◽  
Social Trends ◽  
History Of ◽  
Second World

This article reviews interpretations of the history of British society during the Second World War. Traditionally the Second World War has been viewed as a period of outstanding national unity and social solidarity, and the social arrangements of wartime have been seen as a unique catalyst of administrative ‘collectivism’ and the growth of the ‘welfare state’. More recent historiography has presented a more diffuse picture, emphasising the elements of continuing diversity and conflict in British society during the war period, and the importance of more long-term social trends that were shared by all western European countries.

Turning Aliens into Socialists

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-93
Author(s):  
Jessica Moberg
Keyword(s):  
Outer Space ◽  
The United States ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
History Of ◽  
Swedish History ◽  
Second World ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Highly Evolved

Immediately after the Second World War Sweden was struck by a wave of sightings of strange flying objects. In some cases these mass sightings resulted in panic, particularly after authorities failed to identify them. Decades later, these phenomena were interpreted by two members of the Swedish UFO movement, Erland Sandqvist and Gösta Rehn, as alien spaceships, or UFOs. Rehn argued that ‘[t]here is nothing so dramatic in the Swedish history of UFOs as this invasion of alien fly-things’ (Rehn 1969: 50). In this article the interpretation of such sightings proposed by these authors, namely that we are visited by extraterrestrials from outer space, is approached from the perspective of myth theory. According to this mythical theme, not only are we are not alone in the universe, but also the history of humankind has been shaped by encounters with more highly-evolved alien beings. In their modern day form, these kinds of ideas about aliens and UFOs originated in the United States. The reasoning of Sandqvist and Rehn exemplifies the localization process that took place as members of the Swedish UFO movement began to produce their own narratives about aliens and UFOs. The question I will address is: in what ways do these stories change in new contexts? Texts produced by the Swedish UFO movement are analyzed as a case study of this process.

ABCs of the Revolution

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 278-291
Author(s):  
Egor A. Yesyunin
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Special Significance ◽  
Development History ◽  
The People ◽  
Red Army ◽  
History Of ◽  
Second World ◽  
The Revolution

The article is devoted to the satirical agitation ABCs that appeared during the Civil War, which have never previously been identified by researchers as a separate type of agitation art. The ABCs, which used to have the narrow purpose of teaching children to read and write before, became a form of agitation art in the hands of artists and writers. This was facilitated by the fact that ABCs, in contrast to primers, are less loaded with educational material and, accordingly, they have more space for illustrations. The article presents the development history of the agitation ABCs, focusing in detail on four of them: V.V. Mayakovsky’s “Soviet ABC”, D.S. Moor’s “Red Army Soldier’s ABC”, A.I. Strakhov’s “ABC of the Revolution”, and M.M. Cheremnykh’s “Anti-Religious ABC”. There is also briefly considered “Our ABC”: the “TASS Posters” created by various artists during the Second World War. The article highlights the special significance of V.V. Mayakovsky’s first agitation ABC, which later became a reference point for many artists. The authors of the first satirical ABCs of the Civil War period consciously used the traditional form of popular prints, as well as ditties and sayings, in order to create images close to the people. The article focuses on the iconographic connections between the ABCs and posters in the works of D.S. Moor and M.M. Cheremnykh, who transferred their solutions from the posters to the ABCs.

B'nai B'rith on the European continent after World War Two

1992 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-126
Author(s):  
Hans Levy
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
The State ◽  
Jewish Organization ◽  
World War Two ◽  
World War ◽  
European Continent ◽  
History Of ◽  
State Of Israel ◽  
Second World

The focus of this paper is on the oldest international Jewish organization founded in 1843, B’nai B’rith. The paper presents a chronicle of B’nai B’rith in Continental Europe after the Second World War and the history of the organization in Scandinavia. In the 1970's the Order of B'nai B'rith became B'nai B'rith international. B'nai B'rith worked for Jewish unity and was supportive of the state of Israel.

The Nonviolent Struggle for Indian Freedom, 1905-19

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Hardiman
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Passive Resistance ◽  
Civil Resistance ◽  
Political Concept ◽  
History Of ◽  
Second World ◽  
Moral Stance

Much of the recent surge in writing about the practice of nonviolent forms of resistance has focused on movements that occurred after the end of the Second World War, many of which have been extremely successful. Although the fact that such a method of civil resistance was developed in its modern form by Indians is acknowledged in this writing, there has not until now been an authoritative history of the role of Indians in the evolution of the phenomenon.The book argues that while nonviolence is associated above all with the towering figure of Mahatma Gandhi, 'passive resistance' was already being practiced as a form of civil protest by nationalists in British-ruled India, though there was no principled commitment to nonviolence as such. The emphasis was on efficacy, rather than the ethics of such protest. It was Gandhi, first in South Africa and then in India, who evolved a technique that he called 'satyagraha'. He envisaged this as primarily a moral stance, though it had a highly practical impact. From 1915 onwards, he sought to root his practice in terms of the concept of ahimsa, a Sanskrit term that he translated as ‘nonviolence’. His endeavors saw 'nonviolence' forged as both a new word in the English language, and as a new political concept. This book conveys in vivid detail exactly what such nonviolence entailed, and the formidable difficulties that the pioneers of such resistance encountered in the years 1905-19.

History of the Second World War. B. H. Liddell Hart

1972 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-105
Author(s):  
Gordon A. Craig
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
History Of ◽  
Second World

scholarly journals Limiting the executive power after the Second World War: the invention of administrative science

2021 ◽  
pp. 002085232098559
Author(s):  
Céline Mavrot
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
World Order ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Executive Power ◽  
World War ◽  
Administrative Power ◽  
History Of ◽  
Second World ◽  
Administrative Science

This article analyses the emergence of administrative science in France in the wake of the Second World War. The birth of this discipline is examined through the history of its founders, a group of comparatist aiming at developing universal administrative principles. The post-war context prompted the creation of checks and balances against administrative power (through oversight of the legality of administrative action) and against the powers of nation states (through human rights and international organizations). Administrative science and comparative law were meant to rebuild international relations. The history of this discipline highlights a legal project to redefine the role and limits of executive power at the dawn of the construction of a new world order. Points for practitioners Looking at long-term developments in the science of administration helps to inform administrative practice by providing a historical and reflective perspective. This article shows how a new understanding of the administrative reality emerged after the fall of the totalitarian regimes of the first half of the 20th century. It highlights the different ways in which administrative power was controlled after the Second World War through greater oversight over administrative legality, the establishment of universal administrative principles and the proclamation of human rights. Questions of administrative legitimacy and the limitation of administrative power are still very much part of the daily practice of executive power, and represent a central aspect of administrative thinking.

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