scholarly journals Comparing the Measured and Latent Dark Triad: Are Three Measures Better than One?

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter K. Jonason ◽  
Phillip S. Kavanagh ◽  
Gregory D. Webster ◽  
Debra Fitzgerald
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Level Measurement ◽  
Measure Model ◽  
Independent Effects ◽  
Criterion Variables ◽  
Better Than

Could measurement level be a factor worth considering when studying the Dark Triad (i.e., narcissism, psychopathy, and Machiavellianism)? In two studies (N  = 465), we compared the relative fit of two Dark Triad models: one that treats the three measures as separate-yet-related personality traits and another that treats the measures as tapping a single, latent construct. Mid-level personality traits, such as mate-retention strategies (Study 1) were best explained by a three-measure model, whereas the higher-order trait of sociosexuality (Study 2), were best explained by a single, latent-factor model. When considering mid-level measurement in personality, the three traits may provide independent effects for interpersonal relationships, whereas at the higher-order level, the three traits may function as a single entity relating to other higher-order traits. We suggest one should consider level of measurement between the predictor and criterion variables to better predict correlations among variables such as the Dark Triad. DOI:10.2458/azu_jmmss_v2i1_jonason

scholarly journals Comparing the Measured and Latent Dark Triad: Are Three Measures Better than One?

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter K. Jonason ◽  
Phillip S. Kavanagh ◽  
Gregory D. Webster ◽  
Debra Fitzgerald
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Level Measurement ◽  
Measure Model ◽  
Independent Effects ◽  
Criterion Variables ◽  
Better Than

Could measurement level be a factor worth considering when studying the Dark Triad (i.e., narcissism, psychopathy, and Machiavellianism)? In two studies (N  = 465), we compared the relative fit of two Dark Triad models: one that treats the three measures as separate-yet-related personality traits and another that treats the measures as tapping a single, latent construct. Mid-level personality traits, such as mate-retention strategies (Study 1) were best explained by a three-measure model, whereas the higher-order trait of sociosexuality (Study 2), were best explained by a single, latent-factor model. When considering mid-level measurement in personality, the three traits may provide independent effects for interpersonal relationships, whereas at the higher-order level, the three traits may function as a single entity relating to other higher-order traits. We suggest one should consider level of measurement between the predictor and criterion variables to better predict correlations among variables such as the Dark Triad. DOI:10.2458/azu_jmmss_v2i1_jonason

scholarly journals Traits and values as predictors of the frequency of everyday behavior: Comparison between models and levels

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Skimina ◽  
Jan Cieciuch ◽  
Włodzimierz Strus
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Personal Values ◽  
Derived Categories ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Behavioral Factors ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Hexaco Model

AbstractThe aims of this study were to compare (a) personality traits vs personal values, (b) Five-Factor Model (FFM) vs HEXACO model of personality traits, and (c) broad vs narrow personality constructs in terms of their relationship with the frequency of everyday behaviors. These relationships were analyzed at three organizational levels of self-reported behavior: (a) single behavioral acts, (b) behavioral components (empirically derived categories of similar behaviors), and (c) two higher-order factors. The study was conducted on a Polish sample (N = 532, age range 16–72). We found that (a) even the frequencies of single behavioral acts were related to various personality constructs instead of one narrow trait or value, (b) personality traits and personal values were comparable as predictors of a wide range of everyday behaviors, (c) HEXACO correlated with the frequency of behaviors slightly higher than FFM, and (d) narrow and broad personality constructs did not differ substantially as predictors of everyday behavior at the levels of acts and components, but at the level of higher-order behavioral factors, broad personality measures were better predictors than narrow ones.

Does Machiavellianism Meaningfully Differ From Psychopathy? It Depends

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brinkley M. Sharpe ◽  
Katherine Collison ◽  
Donald Lynam ◽  
Josh Miller
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Personality Construct

Machiavellianism is a personality construct characterized by cynicism, callousness, and skillful manipulation of others to achieve personal gains. We review the Machiavellianism literature with a particular focus on its measurement alongside narcissism and psychopathy in the so-called “Dark Triad” (DT). We discuss criticisms of Machiavellianism on the grounds of insufficient construct validity as well as its virtual indistinguishability from psychopathy when assessed by commonly used instruments. As a response to these criticisms, we offer the super-short form of the Five Factor Machiavellianism Inventory (FFMI-SSF) as an alternative. The goal of the present study was to evaluate the FFMI-SSF in relation to psychopathy and basic personality traits (i.e., the Five Factor Model) and to compare it to widely used measures of the DT and psychopathy in a large undergraduate sample (n = 1,004).

The Dark Side of Politics: Participation and the Dark Triad

2020 ◽  
pp. 003232172091156
Author(s):  
Philip Chen ◽  
Scott Pruysers ◽  
Julie Blais
Keyword(s):  
Political Participation ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Political Beliefs ◽  
Interest And Knowledge

Personality traits are one piece in the larger puzzle of political participation, but most studies focus on the Five-Factor Model of personality. We argue that the normative implications of the influence of personality on politics are increased when the personality traits being studied correlate with negative social behaviors. We investigate the role of the Dark Triad on political participation as mediated through political beliefs such as interest and knowledge. We find that Psychopathy and Narcissism are positively associated with political interest, but Narcissism is also negatively associated with political knowledge. In addition, both Psychopathy and Narcissism exert a direct, positive influence on participation. Our results imply that individuals exhibiting higher levels of Narcissism are not only less knowledgeable but also more interested in politics and more likely to participate when given the opportunity.

scholarly journals Empathy and Personality Traits of Medical Doctors Working in the Covid-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-296
Author(s):  
Evgeniy Krasnov ◽  
Ekaterina Kryukova ◽  
Mikhail Kotlovskiy
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Emotional Stability ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Medical Doctors ◽  
Personality Profiles ◽  
Spearman Test

During the COVID-19 pandemic doctors use their intellectual and personal potential in order to be effective in their work, as they were placed in a situation with special requirements for professional activity, creating an emotionally charged environment. Empathy, emotional intelligence (EI), and emotional stability play an important role. Our objective was to study the relationship between empathy, EI, intuition, attitudes toward uncertainty and personality traits in doctors performing their professional activities during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study involved 122 doctors of different specialties (psychiatrists, pediatricians, surgeons, oncologists, etc.). Six questionnaires were used. The Jefferson Scale of Empathy and confirmatory factor analysis were used to verify the factor structure, where the original three-factor model showed the best fit. To identify the relationships between the variables, the Spearman test was used. In our sample of medical doctors, emotional stability characterizes individuals with high self-control and sociality (TEIQue scales). Our data allows us to highlight that empathy fails to be integrated with traits of emotional intelligence in the personality profiles of medical doctors. But distancing from the sphere of one’s experiences in interpersonal relationships during the COVID pandemic may be a necessary component in the personal regulation of the performance of one’s professional responsibilities.

Assessing personality traits associated with depression: the utility of a tiered model

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (8) ◽  
pp. 1131-1139 ◽  
Author(s):  
GORDON PARKER ◽  
VIJAYA MANICAVASAGAR ◽  
JO CRAWFORD ◽  
LUCY TULLY ◽  
GEMMA GLADSTONE
Keyword(s):  
General Practice ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Lower Order ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Mood State ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
Fixed Model

Background. We sought to develop a refined measure of eight personality traits or constructs observed in those who develop depression. We report the psychometric properties of the derived Temperament and Personality (T&P) questionnaire, as well as a pilot study examining its capacity to differentiate over-represented personality traits in those with depression.Method. The factor structure of the T&P measure was examined in a general practice sample of 529 subjects. We imposed a range of factorial solutions to determine how higher-order molar constructs arborized to eight lower-order constructs. Scale scores generated at each derived tier were contrasted for 52 out-patients with major depression and control subjects from the general practice sample to pursue over-represented personality constructs, and to clarify if an optimal number of constructs could be identified.Results. In the factor analysis, some 90% of the items loaded on their a priori construct. The questionnaire showed high internal consistency, test–retest reliability and minimal sensitivity to mood state effects. Analyses rejected the hypothesis that risk to depression might be generally affected by individuals merely scoring high on all ‘normal’ personality styles, whether higher-order or lower-order traits.Conclusions. Findings suggest that, while identified constructs linked well with the widely accepted theoretical model of personality (the Five Factor Model) at one tier, such a fixed model may be too inflexible. We therefore detail potential advantages to using a multi-tiered model of personality traits in application studies.

scholarly journals PERSONALITY TRAITS AS PREDICTORS OF PERFECTIONISM

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 057 ◽  
Author(s):  
Željka Bojanić ◽  
Dušana Šakan ◽  
Jasmina Nedeljković
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Social Adaptation ◽  
Parental Pressure ◽  
Five Dimensions ◽  
Big Five Model ◽  
Criterion Variables

The aim of this study was to explore the role of personality traits as predictors of perfectionism and to determine the existence of gender differences in the ways perfectionism is manifested. The study was conducted on 302 respondents aged 18 to 57. The Perfectionism Inventory scale (PI) used to measure perfectionism assesses lower-order perfectionism facets: Concern Over Mistakes, High Standards for Others, Need for Approval, Organization, Perceived Parental Pressure, Planfulness, Rumination, and Striving for Excellence; and three higher-order facets: Conscientious Perfectionism, Self-Evaluative Perfectionism and Perfectionism Inventory Composite. The Big Five Inventory (BFI), based on the Big Five model of personality, was used for the evaluation of personality traits: Extraversion, Neuroticism, Conscientiousness, Agreeableness and Openness to experience. In determining gender differences, the t-test was used. Men scored higher than women on Organization, Planfulness, and Conscientious Perfectionism, whereas women scored higher than men on Perceived Parental Pressure. Three multiple regression analyses were conducted, one for each of the tested criterion variables, to test the significance of predictors of perfectionism. Predictor variables were the five dimensions of personality traits, and the criterion variables were the dimensions of higher-order perfectionism. All three tested models have statistical significance, and the sum of the predictors, made up of basic personality traits, accounts for one-fifth to one-third of the variance in the criterion measures of perfectionism. Almost all personality traits are shown to be significant predictors of perfectionism, with the exception of Conscientiousness, which is not a predictor of Self-Evaluative Perfectionism. Based on the results, it can be concluded that perfectionists generally keep to themselves, are less tolerant towards others, often worry, are sensitive to their own actions as well as those of others, but also open to new experiences. The obtained results contribute to a better understanding of the social adaptation and functioning of young adults, including young athletes.

scholarly journals Predicting SNS addiction with the Big Five and the Dark Triad

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soon-Li Lee
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Facebook Addiction

A considerable amount of literature has widely discussed the issue in regard to the prediction of social networking sites (SNS) addiction with personality traits. One of the existing issues is the small effect sizes that showed that the traits outlined by the Five-Factor model are lacking the required specificity to predict specific behaviours such as SNS addiction. In light of this issue, the present research attempted to predict SNS addiction with the Dark Triad traits that have been linked to impulsivity that is central to the development of SNS addiction. In this study, a sample of 204 (Male = 77, 38%; Female = 124, 60%; Not mentioned = 3, 2%; Mage = 22.94, SDage = 3.43) university students in Malaysia completed the Big Five Inventory, the Short Dark Triad, and the adapted Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale. Results indicated that SNS addiction was significantly predicted by the measured psychopathy of the Dark Triad. In predicting SNS addiction, the inclusion of the Dark Triad traits contributed significant amount of variance after controlling the Five-Factor model. Finally, the implications of the results were discussed in this manuscript.

scholarly journals HEXACO and Dark Triad Personality Traits as Predictors of Male Attractiveness in Different Relationship Contexts

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-326
Author(s):  
Ana Butković ◽  
Katarina Vatavuk ◽  
Anja Wertag
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Hexaco Model

This study aimed to further investigate the perceived attractiveness of the Dark Triad (DT) personality in different types of relationships (i.e. friendship, short-term and long-term relationship) controlling for basic personality traits from the HEXACO model. The participants were 167 female students (M = 20.82 years, SD = 1.54) who rated personality and attractiveness of a man with highly expressed DT characteristics (n = 91) or a low-scoring DT character (n = 76) presented in a vignette. In line with recent findings, we observed a high negative correlation between the Honesty-Humility factor and DT personality (r = -.88, p < .001). As hypothesized, there was a significant difference in attractiveness ratings for the two characters in the context of different interpersonal relationships, with high DT character rated as significantly more attractive than the low DT character in the context of short-term mating. Furthermore, the hierarchical regression analysis showed that DT personality had a unique contribution in predicting attractiveness in the context of short-term relationship, after controlling for the basic personality traits.

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