Sex and Cultural Differences in Children's Spatial and Verbal Memory Span

1981 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arturo Orsini ◽  
Ornella Schiappa ◽  
Dario Grossi
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Memory Span ◽  
Spatial Span ◽  
Rural Districts ◽  
The Town ◽  
Better Than

Spatial span (Corsi's block-tapping) and verbal span (Wechsler Digits Forward) were measured in 1113 children aged 4 to 10 yr. from urban and rural districts of the Regione Campania. Significant differences pointing to a better performance of the “town” group were found on both tests. Sex differences were found only on the spatial span rest; boys performed better than girls.

scholarly journals Sex Differences in Adults' Spatial and Verbal Memory Span

Cortex ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Grossi ◽  
V. Matarese ◽  
A. Orsini
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Memory Span

Sex Differences in Recall of Real or Nonsense Words

2003 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 263-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doreen Kimura ◽  
Brooke N. Seal
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
The Real ◽  
Female Advantage ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Better Than

Women perform better than men on tests of verbal memory, but the nature of this advantage has not been precisely established. To examine whether phonemic memory is a factor in the female advantage, we presented, along with other verbal memory tasks, one containing nonsense words. Overall, there was the expected female advantage. However, an examination of the individual tests showed female superiority in recall of the real words but not the nonsense words.

Determining Spatial Span: The Role of Movement Time and Articulation Rate

1992 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary M. Smyth ◽  
Keith A. Scholey
Keyword(s):  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Memory Span ◽  
Movement Time ◽  
Speech Rate ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Spatial Span ◽  
Sequential Memory ◽  
Spatial Domains ◽  
Overt Speech ◽  
Spatial Locations

In studies of verbal memory span individual differences in speech rate have been found to predict the number of items that can be recalled in order. This is thought to happen because overt speech rate is related to the rate of internal verbal rehearsal. For spatial span there may also be an internal rehearsal system linked to overt responding, and if there is a strong analogy to be drawn between the verbal and spatial domains, then movement time between spatial targets should predict the number of spatial locations that can be recalled. In the first study reported, none of the six measures of movement time did predict spatial span, but, as expected, speech rate predicted verbal span. In addition, speech rate predicted spatial span. In a second study the use of articulatory suppression during span presentation showed that verbal span dropped, but was still predicted by speech rate. Spatial span was again predicted by the time it took to say digits rather than the time it took to make movements to spatial targets. There would not seem to be any simple analogy between the limitations on verbal span and those on spatial span. In addition, the relationship between speech rate and sequential memory performance may be more complex than previous studies have suggested.

scholarly journals Sex Differences in Children's Spatial and Verbal Memory Span

Cortex ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 667-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Grossi ◽  
A. Orsini ◽  
C. Monetti ◽  
G. De Michele
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Memory Span

Subjective Cognitive Decline and its Relation to Verbal Memory and Sex in Cognitively Unimpaired Individuals from a Colombian Cohort with Autosomal-Dominant Alzheimer’s Disease

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Jairo E. Martinez ◽  
Enmanuelle Pardilla-Delgado ◽  
Edmarie Guzmán-Vélez ◽  
Clara Vila-Castelar ◽  
Rebecca Amariglio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Autosomal Dominant ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Subjective Cognitive Decline ◽  
Mutation Carriers ◽  
Study Partner

Abstract Objective: Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD) may be an early indicator of risk for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Findings regarding sex differences in SCD are inconsistent. Studying sex differences in SCD within cognitively unimpaired individuals with autosomal-dominant AD (ADAD), who will develop dementia, may inform sex-related SCD variations in preclinical AD. We examined sex differences in SCD within cognitively unimpaired mutation carriers from the world’s largest ADAD kindred and sex differences in the relationship between SCD and memory performance. Methods: We included 310 cognitively unimpaired Presenilin-1 (PSEN-1) E280A mutation carriers (51% females) and 1998 noncarrier family members (56% females) in the study. Subjects and their study partners completed SCD questionnaires and the CERAD word list delayed recall test. ANCOVAs were conducted to examine group differences in SCD, sex, and memory performance. In carriers, partial correlations were used to examine associations between SCD and memory performance covarying for education. Results: Females in both groups had greater self-reported and study partner-reported SCD than males (all p < 0.001). In female mutation carriers, greater self-reported (p = 0.02) and study partner-reported SCD (p < 0.001) were associated with worse verbal memory. In male mutation carriers, greater self-reported (p = 0.03), but not study partner-reported SCD (p = 0.11) was associated with worse verbal memory. Conclusions: Study partner-reported SCD may be a stronger indicator of memory decline in females versus males in individuals at risk for developing dementia. Future studies with independent samples and preclinical trials should consider sex differences when recruiting based on SCD criteria.

scholarly journals Interdisciplinary conversations in STEM education: can faculty understand each other better than their students do?

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey M. Rabin ◽  
Adam Burgasser ◽  
Thomas J. Bussey ◽  
John Eggers ◽  
Stanley M. Lo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Stem Education ◽  
Interdisciplinary Collaboration ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
College Mathematics ◽  
Instructional Videos ◽  
Interdisciplinary Projects ◽  
Shared Understandings ◽  
Better Than

AbstractRate of change concepts from calculus are presented and applied rather differently in college mathematics, physics, biology, and chemistry classes. This is not simply a matter of pedagogical style but reflects real cultural differences between these disciplines. We describe the efforts of our interdisciplinary collaboration to understand and reconcile these differences as we designed and discussed instructional videos for students. We summarize our conversations about terminology, notation, functions, rates, units, and sign conventions across the disciplines. We present some strategies that enabled us to communicate effectively, resolve confusions, and reach shared understandings. Our work has implications for others involved in collaborative interdisciplinary projects and for STEM educators.In theory, there’s no difference between theory and practice. But in practice, there is.– Benjamin Brewster. Also attributed to Yogi Berra.

Verbal and Spatial Memory Span in Patients with Extrapyramidal Diseases

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 555-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Orsini ◽  
N. A. Fragassi ◽  
L. Chiacchio ◽  
A. M. Falanga ◽  
C. Cocchiaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Memory ◽  
Progressive Supranuclear Palsy ◽  
Memory Span ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Huntington's Chorea ◽  
Spatial Span

Spatial span (Corsi's block-tapping test) and verbal span (Wechsler's Digits Forward test) were measured in 651 normal subjects and in three groups of extrapyramidal patients (Progressive supranuclear palsy, Parkinson, and Huntington's Chorea). Analysis showed Huntington's Chorea patients scored lower on both tests than did controls and other groups.

Rotary Pursuit Performance as a Function of Sex, Sex-Role, and Intertrial Interval

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 443-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Betsy L. Wisner ◽  
John P. Lombardo ◽  
John F. Catalano
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Intertrial Interval ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Distributed Practice ◽  
Massed Practice ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Rotary Pursuit ◽  
Practice Condition ◽  
Performance Time ◽  
Better Than

Rotary pursuit performance (time on target) and reminiscence data were collected for 113 androgynous and feminine men and women under massed or distributed practice conditions. On the final (eighth) block of practice men performed better than women under conditions of massed practice; while no sex differences were found under distributed practice conditions. Under distributed practice conditions androgynous women performed better than feminine women. In addition, men performed better over-all than women, and subjects in the distributed practice condition performed better than subjects in the massed practice condition. Reminiscence data indicated that under massed practice feminine women obtained larger scores than did feminine men and androgynous women. For women sex-role as well as practice condition influenced performance and reminiscence.

An investigation into the cognitive and neuropsychological sequelae of minor head injury in children – a prospective pilot study

2010 ◽  
Vol 27 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. A5.1-A5
Author(s):  
Jacques Kerr
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Group Performance ◽  
Memory Span ◽  
Minor Head Injury ◽  
Head Injured ◽  
Minimum Number

ObjectivesAlthough the majority of head-injured children are Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) 15 and do not require admission or further investigations there is evidence that some children with a minor head injury (MHI) will go on to experience significant morphological and functional brain deficits. In view of the lack of controlled studies into the sequelae of MHI in children we carried out a pilot study that examined the neuropsychological performance in children who had sustained an MHI.MethodsChildren aged 6–12 years who presented to the Emergency Department of the Royal Hospital for Sick Children in Edinburgh with a MHI (GCS 15) were recruited to the study. Neuropsychological assessment was performed using the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB); a computerised battery of tests, which measures motor skills, visual attention, spatial memory, working memory and non-verbal memory span. CANTAB also assesses executive function, which is the highest level of cognitive function that manages planning and allows flexible thought and action.Results15 head-injured children were recruited over the study period (eleven boys and four girls). A 2 (subject groups) × 3 (time points) repeated measures Analysis of variance was used on the number of problems solved using the minimum number of computer moves at each time point, which showed a significant interaction (p=0.003). Bonferroni posthoc comparisons demonstrated that in week 1 the head-injured group were significantly lower in performance compared to normative data (p=0.03), but significantly increased in performance between week 1 and 12 months (p=0.0001). The difference in the head-injured group performance between week 1 and week 6 approached significance (p=0.05).ConclusionThe MHI group show a significantly poorer performance with regards to problem-solving in a minimum number of moves, which may indicate impulsive tendencies and insufficient planning ability. Children with a MHI may therefore be at risk of developing problems with high-level cognitive function postinjury.

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