Effects of Upper Limb Muscle Vibration on Human Voluntary Wrist Flexion-Extension Movements

1994 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kasai ◽  
M. Kawanishi ◽  
S. Yahagi
Keyword(s):  
Upper Limb ◽  
Limb Muscle ◽  
Wrist Flexion ◽  
Flexor Muscle ◽  
Simultaneous Application ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Wrist Flexor ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Flexor Muscles ◽  
Elbow Extensor

The effect of upper limb muscle tendon vibration during alternating step flexion-extension movements about the wrist was studied in 6 normal humans. A vibrator was mounted over either the wrist flexor muscle or the elbow flexor and extensor muscles. Vibration was applied either to a single muscle or simultaneously to both muscles during wrist flexion-extension movements. After a period of practice, subjects learned the required movements and were able to make them with their eyes closed. Simultaneous application of subthreshold vibration to the wrist flexor and the elbow extensor or flexor muscles during extension movements produced an undershooting of the required end-movement position. The observed results indicated the pattern of transjoint projections from elbow extensor and flexor muscles to motoneurons supplying wrist extensor and flexor muscles. It is also suggested that those transjoint projections play an important role in coordinated movement of wrist and elbow joints.

Functional Reorganization in Chronic Hemiparetic Patients after Training: fMRI Studies

2006 ◽  
Vol 321-323 ◽  
pp. 1016-1021
Author(s):  
Ki Sik Tae ◽  
Sung Jae Song ◽  
So Young Lee ◽  
Gi Young Park ◽  
Chul Ho Sohn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Hand Movement ◽  
Active Movement ◽  
Wrist Flexion ◽  
Motor Tasks ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Motor Network ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Before And After

The aim of this study was to evaluate effects of short-term repetitive-bilateral exercise on the activation of motor network using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Eight control subjects and four chronic hemiparetic patients were investigated for the present study. The training program with a symmetrical upper-limb motion trainer was performed at 1 hr/day, 5 days/week during 6 weeks. Fugl-Meyer assessments (FMA) were performed every two weeks during the training. We compared cerebral and cerebellar cortical activations in two different tasks before and after the training program: (1) the only unaffected hand movement (Task 1), and (2) passive movements of the affected hand by the active movement of the unaffected hand (Task 2). fMRI was performed at 3T with wrist flexion-extension movement at 1 Hz during the motor tasks. All patients showed significant improvements of FMA scores in their paretic limbs after training. fMRI studies in Task 1 showed that cortical activations decreased in ipsilateral SMC but increased in contralateral sensorimotor cortex (SMC) and ipsilateral cerebellum (CRB). Task 2 showed cortical reorganizations in bilateral SMC, pre-motor area (PMA), supplementary area (SMA) and CRB. This study demonstrated that plastic changes of motor network occurred as a neural basis of the improvement subsequent to repetitive-bilateral exercises using the symmetrical upper-limb motion trainer.

scholarly journals Development of a System Architecture for Evaluation and Training of Proprioceptive Deficits of the Upper Limb

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Colombo ◽  
Alessandra Mazzone ◽  
Carmen Delconte ◽  
Fabrizio Pisano
Keyword(s):  
Upper Limb ◽  
System Architecture ◽  
Horizontal Plane ◽  
Position Estimation ◽  
Wrist Flexion ◽  
Estimation Errors ◽  
Reliable Assessment ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Robotic Devices ◽  
And Training

Proprioception plays a fundamental role in maintaining posture and executing movement, and the quantitative evaluation of proprioceptive deficits in poststroke patients is important. But currently it is not widely performed due to the complexity of the evaluation tools required for a reliable assessment. The aims of this pilot study were to (a) develop a system architecture for upper limb evaluation and training of proximal and distal sense of position in the horizontal plane and (b) test the system in healthy and pathological subjects. Two robotic devices for evaluation and training of, respectively, wrist flexion/extension and shoulder-elbow manipulation were employed. The system we developed was applied in a group of 12 healthy subjects and 10 patients after stroke. It was able to quantitatively evaluate upper limb sense of position in the horizontal plane thanks to a set of quantitative parameters assessing position estimation errors, variability, and gain. In addition, it was able to distinguish healthy from pathological conditions. The system could thus be a reliable method to detect changes in the sense of position of patients with sensory deficits after stroke and could enable the implementation of novel training approaches for the recovery of normal proprioception.

scholarly journals Characterization of stroke-related upper limb motor impairments across various upper limb activities by use of kinematic core set measures

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Schwarz ◽  
Miguel M. C. Bhagubai ◽  
Saskia H. G. Nies ◽  
Jeremia P. O. Held ◽  
Peter H. Veltink ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Upper Limb ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Peak Velocity ◽  
Movement Time ◽  
Elbow Flexion ◽  
Wrist Flexion ◽  
Shoulder Flexion ◽  
Flexion Extension

Abstract Background Upper limb kinematic assessments provide quantifiable information on qualitative movement behavior and limitations after stroke. A comprehensive characterization of spatiotemporal kinematics of stroke subjects during upper limb daily living activities is lacking. Herein, kinematic expressions were investigated with respect to different movement types and impairment levels for the entire task as well as for motion subphases. Method Chronic stroke subjects with upper limb movement impairments and healthy subjects performed a set of daily living activities including gesture and grasp movements. Kinematic measures of trunk displacement, shoulder flexion/extension, shoulder abduction/adduction, elbow flexion/extension, forearm pronation/supination, wrist flexion/extension, movement time, hand peak velocity, number of velocity peaks (NVP), and spectral arc length (SPARC) were extracted for the whole movement as well as the subphases of reaching distally and proximally. The effects of the factors gesture versus grasp movements, and the impairment level on the kinematics of the whole task were tested. Similarities considering the metrics expressions and relations were investigated for the subphases of reaching proximally and distally between tasks and subgroups. Results Data of 26 stroke and 5 healthy subjects were included. Gesture and grasp movements were differently expressed across subjects. Gestures were performed with larger shoulder motions besides higher peak velocity. Grasp movements were expressed by larger trunk, forearm, and wrist motions. Trunk displacement, movement time, and NVP increased and shoulder flexion/extension decreased significantly with increased impairment level. Across tasks, phases of reaching distally were comparable in terms of trunk displacement, shoulder motions and peak velocity, while reaching proximally showed comparable expressions in trunk motions. Consistent metric relations during reaching distally were found between shoulder flexion/extension, elbow flexion/extension, peak velocity, and between movement time, NVP, and SPARC. Reaching proximally revealed reproducible correlations between forearm pronation/supination and wrist flexion/extension, movement time and NVP. Conclusion Spatiotemporal differences between gestures versus grasp movements and between different impairment levels were confirmed. The consistencies of metric expressions during movement subphases across tasks can be useful for linking kinematic assessment standards and daily living measures in future research and performing task and study comparisons. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT03135093. Registered 26 April 2017, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03135093.

DYNAMIC MODELING AND EVALUATION OF A ROBOTIC EXOSKELETON FOR UPPER-LIMB REHABILITATION

2011 ◽  
Vol 08 (01) ◽  
pp. 83-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
MOHAMMAD HABIBUR RAHMAN ◽  
THIERRY KITTEL-OUIMET ◽  
MAAROUF SAAD ◽  
JEAN-PIERRE KENNÉ ◽  
PHILIPPE S. ARCHAMBAULT
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Modeling ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Torque Control ◽  
Control Technique ◽  
Wrist Flexion ◽  
Upper Limb Rehabilitation ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Physically Disabled People

Proper functioning of the shoulder, elbow, and wrist movements play a vital role in the performance of essential daily activities. To assist physically disabled people with impaired upper-limb function, we have been developing an exoskeleton robot (ExoRob) to rehabilitate and to ease upper limb motion. The proposed ExoRob will be comprised of seven degrees of freedom (DOFs) to enable natural movements of the human upper-limb. This paper focuses on the kinematic and dynamic modeling of the proposed ExoRob that corresponds to human upper-limbs. For this purpose, a nonlinear computed torque control technique was employed. In simulations, trajectory tracking corresponding to typical rehabilitation exercises were carried out to evaluate the performances of the developed model and controller. For the experimental part, only 3DOFs (elbow, wrist flexion/extension, wrist abduction/adduction) were considered. Simulated and experimental results show that the controller was able to maneuver the proposed ExoRob efficiently in order to track the desired trajectories, which in this case consisted in passive arm movements. Such movements are widely used in therapy and were performed efficiently with the developed ExoRob and the controller.

Compensating for Soft-Tissue Artifact Using the Orientation of Distal Limb Segments During Electromagnetic Motion Capture of the Upper Limb

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary Bons ◽  
Taylor Dickinson ◽  
Ryan Clark ◽  
Kari Beardsley ◽  
Steven Charles
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Motion Capture ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Arm Movement ◽  
Elbow Extension ◽  
Wrist Flexion ◽  
Hand Orientation ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Motion Capture Systems

Abstract Most motion capture measurements suffer from soft-tissue artifacts (STA). Especially affected are rotations about the long axis of a limb segment, such as humeral internal-external rotation (HIER) and forearm pronation-supination (FPS). Unfortunately, most existing methods to compensate for STA were designed for optoelectronic motion capture systems. We present and evaluate a STA compensation method that 1) compensates for STA in HIER and/or FPS, 2) is developed specifically for electromagnetic motion capture systems, and 3) does not require additional calibration or data. To compensate for STA, calculation of HIER angles rely on forearm orientation, and calculation of FPS angles rely on hand orientation. To test this approach, we recorded whole-arm movement data from eight subjects and compared their joint angle trajectories calculated according to progressive levels of STA compensation. Compensated HIER and FPS angles were significantly larger than uncompensated angles. Although the effect of STA compensation on other joint angles (besides HIER and FPS) was usually modest, significant effects were seen in certain DOF under some conditions. Overall, the method functioned as intended during most of the range of motion of the upper limb, but it becomes unstable in extreme elbow extension and extreme wrist flexion-extension. Specifically, this method is not recommended for movements within 20° of full elbow extension, full wrist flexion, or full wrist extension. Since this method does not require additional calibration of data, it can be applied retroactively to data collected without the intent to compensate for STA.

Firefighters muscular recovery after a heavy work bout in the heat

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 292-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juha Oksa ◽  
Hannu Rintamäki ◽  
Kaisa Takatalo ◽  
Tero Mäkinen ◽  
Sirpa Lusa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Pennation Angle ◽  
Wrist Flexion ◽  
Flexor Muscle ◽  
Muscle Oxygen ◽  
Wrist Flexor ◽  
Heavy Work ◽  
Muscle Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Accident Site

Occasionally firefighters need to perform very heavy bouts of work, such as smoke diving or clearing an accident site, which induce significant muscle fatigue. The time span for muscular recovery from such heavy work is not known. The purpose of this study was to evaluate firefighters' force-, neural-, metabolic-, and structural-related recovery after task-specific heavy work in the heat. Fifteen healthy firefighters (14 males and 1 female) performed a 20-min heavy work bout that simulated smoke diving and the clearance of an accident site at 35 °C. After the work, muscular recovery was evaluated by wrist flexion maximal voluntary contraction (MVC), average electromyography during MVC and during 10%MVC, rate of force production, motor response and stretch reflex responses, muscle oxygen consumption and oxygenation level, and wrist flexor muscle pennation angle. Recovery was followed for 4 h. Each of the 12 measured parameters changed significantly (p < 0.05) from those at baseline during the follow-up. Muscle oxygen consumption and the wrist flexor pennation angle remained elevated throughout the follow-up (oxygen consumption baseline, 12.9 ± 1.7 mL O2·min−1·(100 g)−1; 4-h value, 17.5 ± 1.6 mL O2·min−1·(100 g)−1; p < 0.05 and pennation angle baseline, 15.7 ± 0.8°; 4-h value, 17.8 ± 0.8°; p < 0.05). Muscle reoxygenation rate was elevated for up to 2 h (baseline, 2.3 ± 0.4 μmol·L−1·min−1; 2-h value, 3.4 ± 0.4 μmol·L−1·min−1; p < 0.05). The other 9 parameters recovered (were no longer significantly different from baseline) after 20 to 60 min. We concluded that the recovery order in main components of muscle function from fastest to slowest was force, neural, metabolic, and structural.

EFEITOS DO DEEP RUNNING SOBRE A AMPLITUDE DE MOVIMENTO E A CAPACIDADE FUNCIONAL DOS MEMBROS SUPERIORES DE MULHERES MASTECTOMIZADAS: RELATO DE CASOS

2019 ◽  
pp. 121-131
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Range Of Movement ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Before And After ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
And Function

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer among women in Brazil and in the worl. The surgical treatment procedure may cause severe morbidity in the upper limb homolateral to surgery, including the reduction of the range of motion, with consequent impairment of function. A physiotherapeutic approach has an important role in the recover range of motion and the functionality of these women, guaranteeing the occupational, domestestic, familiar and conjugated activities, and, in this way, also improving the quality of life. Objectives: To analyse chances in the shoulder's range of motion and the functional capacity of the upper limbs, promoted by the deep running procedure in women with late postoperative mastectomy. Methods: All the patients were submitted to an evaluation in the beginning and end of the treatment, including: goniometry of flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, internal and external rotation of the shoulder joint; and function capacity analysis in activities that involve the upper members by DASH questionnaire. The treatment protocol includes twelve sessions of deep running, realized twice a week, in deep pool, for 20-minute during six weeks. Results: Were submitted to treatment a total of 4 patients. Despite the improvement in the numerical values, statistically significant differences were not found on the range of movements and in the functional capacity of upper members before and after the deep running sessions in post-mastectomy women. Conclusion: Deep running had effects on the numerical values of range of movement and upper limb functionality in women in the late postoperative period of the mastectomy procedure, but without statistically significant differences.

scholarly journals Design and Development of Continuous Passive Motion (CPM) for Fingers and Wrist Grounded-Exoskeleton Rehabilitation System

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 815
Author(s):  
Husam Almusawi ◽  
Géza Husi
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Testing ◽  
Hand Movement ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
Continuous Passive Motion ◽  
Wrist Flexion ◽  
Design And Development ◽  
Passive Motion ◽  
Assistive Robots ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Design Characteristics

Impairments of fingers, wrist, and hand forearm result in significant hand movement deficiencies and daily task performance. Most of the existing rehabilitation assistive robots mainly focus on either the wrist training or fingers, and they are limiting the natural motion; many mechanical parts associated with the patient’s arms, heavy and expensive. This paper presented the design and development of a new, cost-efficient Finger and wrist rehabilitation mechatronics system (FWRMS) suitable for either hand right or left. The proposed machine aimed to present a solution to guide individuals with severe difficulties in their everyday routines for people suffering from a stroke or other motor diseases by actuating seven joints motions and providing them repeatable Continuous Passive Motion (CPM). FWRMS approach uses a combination of; grounded-exoskeleton structure to provide the desired displacement to the hand’s four fingers flexion/extension (F/E) driven by an indirect feed drive mechanism by adopting a leading screw and nut transmission; and an end-effector structure to provide angular velocity to the wrist flexion/ extension (F/E), wrist radial/ulnar deviation (R/U), and forearm supination/pronation (S/P) driven by a rotational motion mechanism. We employed a single dual-sided actuator to power both mechanisms. Additionally, this article presents the implementation of a portable embedded controller. Moreover, this paper addressed preliminary experimental testing and evaluation process. The conducted test results of the FWRMS robot achieved the required design characteristics and executed the motion needed for the continuous passive motion rehabilitation and provide stable trajectories guidance by following the natural range of motion (ROM) and a functional workspace of the targeted joints comfortably for all trainable movements by FWRMS.

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