Effect of Deprivation Level and Overtraining on Differential Conditioning and Reversal

1969 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-57
Author(s):  
James R. Ison ◽  
Harvey Black
Keyword(s):  
Water Deprivation ◽  
Instrumental Conditioning ◽  
Deprivation Level ◽  
Positive Stimulus ◽  
Prior Training ◽  
Reversal Performance ◽  
Response Measurement ◽  
Early Acquisition ◽  
Subsequent Onset

60 rats received 60 or 204 differential instrumental conditioning trials under 3-, 19- or 43-hr. water deprivation, followed by 60 reversal trials. In early acquisition speeds to both S+ and S—were greater with increased deprivation, but the subsequent onset of differentiation was most rapid in groups run at 43-hr. deprivation, this produced by their slower running to S—. Reversal performance was but little affected by deprivation, not was there any interaction between deprivation level and amount of prior training in the determination of reversal performance. Reversal performance was related to amount of prior training in a complicated fashion depending on the stimulus, the point of response measurement and the stage of training: First, number of prior reinforcements increased both start and run speeds to the old positive stimulus in early reversal but had no effect on start speeds and decreased run speeds in later reversal; second, number of prior non-reinforcements did not affect speed acquisition to the new positive stimulus.

scholarly journals Using MoS2/Fe3O4 as Ion-Electron Transduction Layer to Manufacture All-Solid-State Ion-Selective Electrode for Determination of Serum Potassium

Chemosensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Yan Su ◽  
Ting Liu ◽  
Caiqiao Song ◽  
Aiqiao Fan ◽  
Nan Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Water Layer ◽  
Ion Selective Electrode ◽  
Potential Response ◽  
Selective Electrode ◽  
Response Measurement ◽  
Long Term Stability

As an essential electrolyte for the human body, the potassium ion (K+) plays many physiological roles in living cells, so the rapid and accurate determination of serum K+ is of great significance. In this work, we developed a solid-contact ion-selective electrode (SC-ISE) using MoS2/Fe3O4 composites as the ion-to-electron transducer to determine serum K+. The potential response measurement of MoS2/Fe3O4/K+-ISE shows a Nernst response by a slope of 55.2 ± 0.1 mV/decade and a low detection limit of 6.3 × 10−6 M. The proposed electrode exhibits outstanding resistance to the interference of O2, CO2, light, and water layer formation. Remarkably, it also presents a high performance in potential reproducibility and long-term stability.

scholarly journals Frequency Response Quality Index for Assessing the Mechanical Condition of Transformer Windings

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugeniusz Kornatowski ◽  
Szymon Banaszak
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Response ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Response Measurement ◽  
Response Quality ◽  
Mechanical Condition ◽  
Measurement Results

Frequency response analysis (FRA) is a popular method for assessing a transformer’s mechanical condition. The paper proposes a new method for interpreting the frequency response measurement results. The currently used numerical indices only give one value, which may be misleading in the analysis, while the proposed frequency response quality index (FRQI) tool analyses three separate features in the whole frequency range. The applied numerical calculations technique allows for estimations of not only the values of the average quality indices, but also locally for given frequency ranges of the analysed spectrum. It allows for determination of the problems that can be found in the active part of a transformer. The presented results come from three transformers, representing cases of typical faults. Two of them are from industry, while one was used for deformational tests in laboratory conditions. The proposed FRQI method showed its usefulness in FRA test results analysis and may be introduced into the automated assessment of such data. Each of the component parameters is sensitive to other types of differences observed between the compared frequency response curves, and may be used as a good quality detection tool.

scholarly journals Experimental dynamic analysis of the existing footbridge in Dobřichovice town

2020 ◽  
Vol 313 ◽  
pp. 00002
Author(s):  
Michal Polák ◽  
Tomáš Plachý ◽  
Adam Čítek ◽  
Karolína Berková ◽  
Petra Hájková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Response ◽  
Dynamic Analysis ◽  
Radar Interferometry ◽  
Mode Shapes ◽  
Response Measurement ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Pedestrian Traffic ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Response Determination

The paper presents an experimental dynamic analysis of the existing footbridge across the Berounka River in Dobřichovice town, Czech Republic. The experiment was realized in two stages. The main purpose of the first one was the vibration response determination of the footbridge induced by pedestrians. At first, the natural frequencies and mode shapes of its horizontal load-bearing structure were measured and then the footbridge was loaded by different groups of pedestrians. The response was observed and dynamic behaviour of the footbridge was evaluated. In the course of the second stage of the experiment, the dynamic response of the footbridge deck to pedestrian traffic was measured by two different methods using radar interferometry and classical approach realized by piezoelectric accelerometers. Basic objectives of the second stage were to evaluate the fundamental modal characteristics of the footbridge and to verify new approach to dynamic response measurement – radar interferometry realized by two synchronized radars.

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