Peer-Concept Ratings in Rural Children

1969 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 461-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evan R. Powell ◽  
William F. White
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Grade Level ◽  
Semantic Differential ◽  
Elementary Level ◽  
Rural Children ◽  
Peer Evaluation ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Peer Perceptions

Comparison of peer perceptions of 95 rural Negro and 95 white elementary level students shows substantial differences across race in the factor structure on a form of Osgood's Semantic Differential. Caste, class, race, grade level, poverty level, or other factors should, in further studies, be related to the depressed peer evaluation of Negro samples should this low evaluation reappear.

Reliability and Factor Structure of the Guttentag and Bray Semantic Differential Test

1979 ◽  
Vol 44 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1041-1042
Author(s):  
Frederick Williams ◽  
Frederica Frost
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Semantic Differential ◽  
Sex Stereotypes ◽  
Differential Test

Assessment of the Guttentag and Bray scales for measuring sex stereotypes raised serious questions about their reliability and validity. Results suggested oversimplification in prior assumptions of how boys and girls view sex-role characteristics.

A Psychometric Analysis of an Inventory for Assessing Children's Attitudes Toward Physical Activity1

1981 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 321-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W. Schutz ◽  
Frank L. Smoll ◽  
Terry M. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Phase Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Semantic Differential ◽  
Psychometric Analysis ◽  
Psychometric Characteristics ◽  
Children's Attitudes ◽  
Attitude Behavior

Simon and Smoll's (1974) inventory for assessing children's attitudes toward physical activity (CATPA) has been used in numerous studies of children's at-titudinal dispositions and their relationships to a variety of situational and dispositional variables. Recent research revealing low attitude-behavior relationships and instability across time has raised questions about the psychometric properties of the CATPA inventory. The purpose of this research was to psychometrically analyze the six attitude subdomains of this semantic differential inventory and derive recommendations for its modification. The first of three studies reported herein included a four-phase analysis of the CATPA scores of 1,752 children, the results of which indicated that (a) three of the original eight bipolar adjectives were not good discriminators, (b) internal consistencies were high and were not improved by reciprocal average reweighting, and (c) a seven-factor structure emerged, differing from the underlying six-factor theoretical model. In Study 2 a revised CATPA inventory was administered to 1,895 boys and girls. The findings supported the inventory revisions and suggested the necessity for dichotomizing one of the six original attitude sub-domains. Study 3 incorporated the derived rescoring procedures in the reanalysis of earlier attitudinal investigations. Results revealed that modifying the scales neither changed the nature or strength of attitude-behavior relationships nor did it affect the intraindividual stability of CATPA over a period of time. The revised CATPA inventory was deemed to be an improvement over the original instrument because of its superior psychometric characteristics and reduced length, thereby making it more efficient for administrative purposes.

What Kind of Drug Education Do We Need—And for Whom?

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 585-585
Author(s):  
Philip R. Nader
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Semantic Differential ◽  
Elementary Level ◽  
Drug Education ◽  
Legal Implications ◽  
Children's Attitudes

Congratulations on publishing the "Outcomes of Drug Education" by Drs. Tennant, Weaver and Lewis. It may be of interest to report other case studies to further question the "efficacy" of so-called drug education even at elementary level. In one study elementary children's attitudes as measured by a semantic differential were uniformly negative toward drugs and were not affected by a drug education course which consisted mostly of descriptions of the various drugs, their dangers and the legal implications.

Factor Structure of the Reynolds Adolescent Depression Scale in a Sample of School-Based Adolescents

2000 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Weber
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Grade Level ◽  
Adolescent Depression ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Factor V ◽  
School Based ◽  
Factor Ii ◽  
Self Worth

Depression is a common health problem in the adolescent population. The Reynolds Adolescent Depression Scale (RADS) is used to measure depression in clinical and community adolescent samples. Although there is available evidence for the reliability and validity of the RADS, there is insufficient documentation of its factor structure. This study examined the factor structure of the RADS in adolescent boys and girls (m-144). Internal consistency reliability ranged from .91 to .94 based on grade level, and was .91 for boys and .93 for girls. Factor analysis resulted in a 5-factor solution. Interpretation of factors were as follows: (a) Factor I—generalized demoralization; (b) Factor II—despondency and worry; (c) Factor III—externalized somatocism; (d) Factor IV—anhedonia; and, (e) Factor V—self-worth.

Peer Perceptions of Geriatrics Wearing Hearing Aids

1982 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen L. Iler ◽  
Jeffrey L. Danhauer ◽  
Anthony Mulac
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Family Member ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Semantic Differential ◽  
Close Friend ◽  
Body Type ◽  
Peer Perceptions ◽  
Hearing Aid Use ◽  
Initial Impressions

This study investigated whether geriatric observers having varying amounts of experience with hearing aid users formed different initial impressions of their peers who were shown in three conditions of hearing aid use, and whether the size of the aid affected their ratings. Stimuli consisted of 36 photographic slides, three each of six men and six women shown wearing: (a) a body type hearing aid, (b) a post-auricular type aid, and (c) no aid. The stimuli were presented to 72 geriatric observers drawn from three groups: (a) 24 with no prior hearing aid experience, (b) 24 having some experience with a spouse, family member, or close friend who wore an aid, and (c) 24 who were hearing aid users. The observers rated the 12 geriatrics on a 16-item semantic differential. Factor analysis of the ratings resulted in three factors: achievement, personality, and appearance. Analyses of variance revealed that none of the three observer groups rated the geriatrics lower on any of the three factors when they were shown wearing hearing aids. These findings that these peer observers did not perceive a "hearing aid effect" for the geriatric hearing aid wearers.

Patterns of Affective Responses in Two Groups of Pedophiles

1968 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 659-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank J. Vanasek ◽  
Louise V. Frisbie ◽  
Harvey F. Dingman
Keyword(s):  
Group Therapy ◽  
State Hospital ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Semantic Differential ◽  
Affective Responses ◽  
Social Climate ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Therapy Treatment

A sample of 143 persons who were on probation or parole who had a history of child molesting were selected and compared with a sample of 215 pedophiles who were selected from a large state hospital. They were then compared on the basis of rating scales for 25 word pairs which were similar to words used by Osgood, et al. (1957) in the study of the semantic differential. The factors derived from the ratings of pedophiles in the community reflected their need to present good stereotypes and acceptable facades. The factors derived from the analysis of patients in an institution seemed to be related to reactions to individual and group therapy treatment. No over-all stereotype of pedophiles' reactions seemed to emerge; rather, the factor structure seemed to be associated with the social climate in which the members of each group were living.

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