Body-Build Stereotypes: A Cross Cultural Comparison

The body-build stereotypes of 185 Mexican children (150 males, 35 females, Mage = 12.6 yr., SDage = 2.1 yr.) were assessed through the use of a 56-item Verbal Check List containing words or phrases pertaining to physical, social, and personal dimensions of psychosocial experience. Similar to American samples, significant proportions of the Mexican children made negative Endomorph and Ectomorph attributions, and positive Mesomorph attributions. Despite these general similarities, some evidence was found which indicated that these evaluative distinctions were less marked in the Mexican sample. The need for future research on body-build stereotypes is noted and suggestions for such research are made.

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Folk Beliefs about Soul and Mind: Cross-Cultural Comparison of Folk Intuitions about the Ontology of the Person

Journal of Cognition and Culture ◽

10.1163/15685373-12340116 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (3-4) ◽

pp. 346-369

Author(s):

Arkadiusz Gut ◽

Andrew Lambert ◽

Oleg Gorbaniuk ◽

Robert Mirski

Keyword(s):

Cross Cultural ◽

The Body ◽

Cultural Comparison ◽

Folk Beliefs ◽

Cross Cultural Differences ◽

Cross Cultural Comparison ◽

The Status ◽

Body And Soul ◽

The Mind ◽

Folk Intuitions

Abstract The present study addressed two related problems: The status of the concept of the soul in folk psychological conceptualizations across cultures, and the nature of mind-body dualism within Chinese folk psychology. We compared folk intuitions about three concepts – mind, body, and soul – among adults from China (N=257) and Poland (N=225). The questionnaire study comprised of questions about the functional and ontological nature of the three entities. The results show that the mind and soul are conceptualized differently in the two countries: The Chinese appear to think of the soul similarly to how they view the mind (importantly, they still seem to see it as separate from the body), while Poles differentiate it both in ontological and functional respects. The study provides important insights into cross-cultural differences in conceptualizing the soul as well as into the nature of Chinese mind-body dualism.

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CONGRATULATION STRATEGIES OF JORDANIAN EFL POSTGRADUATE STUDENTS

Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics ◽

10.17509/ijal.v6i1.2664 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 79 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yasser Al-Shboul ◽

Ibrahim Fathi Huwari

Keyword(s):

Speech Act ◽

Social Background ◽

Cross Cultural ◽

Future Research ◽

Cultural Comparison ◽

Postgraduate Students ◽

Cross Cultural Comparison ◽

Politeness Strategies ◽

Completion Test ◽

Ingroup Identity

<p>This study investigates congratulation strategies used by Jordanian EFL postgraduate students. It also investigates the types of positive politeness strategies in the congratulation speech act. Data were collected using an adopted version of discourse completion test (DCT) by Dastjerdi and Nasri (2013). Data were encoded and analyzed based on the taxonomy of congratulation strategy proposed by Elwood (2004). Furthermore, data were analyzed based on a modified version of positive politeness strategies proposed by Brown and Levinson (1987). Findings revealed that the most frequently used strategies of congratulation were illocutionary force indicating devise (IFID), offer of good wishes, and expression of happiness. Regarding the positive politeness strategies, findings revealed that the most frequently used strategies by the participants were giving gift to listener, exaggeration, and ingroup identity marker. The study concludes with a discussion of important directions for future research such as including more participants with different social background. The results are expected to be useful information in cross-cultural comparison studies and other related areas.</p>

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Physical Educators’ Concerns about Integrating Children with Disabilities: A Cross-Cultural Comparison

Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly ◽

10.1123/apaq.18.1.1 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 1-17 ◽

Cited By ~ 50

Author(s):

Christoph Lienert ◽

Claudine Sherrill ◽

Bettye Myers

Keyword(s):

Cultural Difference ◽

Study Data ◽

Cross Cultural ◽

Future Research ◽

Physical Education Teachers ◽

Physical Educators ◽

Cultural Comparison ◽

Cross Cultural Comparison ◽

Systems Model ◽

Personal Management

The purpose was to conduct a qualitative cross-cultural comparison of the concerns of physical educators in two countries about integration of children with and without disabilities. In-depth interviews were held with 30 regular elementary physical education teachers in Berlin (7 males, 9 females) and in the Dallas-Ft. Worth (DFW) area (2 males, 12 females), and observations were made of school settings. The Concerns-Based Adoption Model (CBAM) of Hall, Wallace, and Dossett (1973) guided the study. Data were analyzed by grounded theory procedures. Many concerns about integration were generalizable across cultures. In both countries, teachers reported concerns at only four of the seven stages of CBAM: personal, management, consequence, and collaboration. Most concerns focused on management. The major cultural difference was that DFW teachers reported more personal concerns (uncertainty about everyday demands and competence to meet these demands) than Berlin teachers. A dynamic systems model was proposed to guide future research.

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Stalking Victimization and Emotional Consequences: A Cross-Cultural Comparison Between American and Spanish University Students

International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology ◽

10.1177/0306624x21990816 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 0306624X2199081

Author(s):

Victoria Fernández Cruz ◽

Fawn T. Ngo

Keyword(s):

University Students ◽

Comparative Study ◽

Emotional Responses ◽

Cross Cultural ◽

Future Research ◽

Cultural Comparison ◽

Cross Cultural Comparison ◽

American Students ◽

The U.S ◽

Stalking Victimization

This paper entails a comparative study between a country that has criminalized stalking for almost three decades (the U.S.) and a nation that just recently outlawed the phenomenon (Spain). Employing a sample of American and Spanish university students, we examined the prevalence and types of stalking behaviors and victims’ emotional responses to their victimization. We also explored whether experiencing a particular category of stalking behaviors (i.e., surveillance and approach stalking) triggers specific emotional responses similarly among American and Spanish victims. We found more than two-thirds (36%) of the Spanish students ( n = 638) and almost half (48%) of the American students ( n = 411) reported that they have experienced the unwanted or intrusive behaviors included in our study. We also found relative to Spanish victims, American victims were significantly more likely to encounter approach stalking and report feeling anxious, angry, depressed, sick, and suicidal as a result of their victimization. Implications of our findings and directions for future research are discussed.

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Cross-cultural comparison of quality of life in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)

Gastroenterology ◽

10.1016/s0016-5085(01)83781-1 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 120 (5) ◽

pp. A759-A759

Author(s):

P ENCK ◽

S KLOSTERHALFEN ◽

M BEHRENS

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽

Cross Cultural ◽

Cultural Comparison ◽

Cross Cultural Comparison ◽

Irritable Bowel

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Of Frames and Cultures - A Cross-Cultural Comparison of TV Newscasts

Zeitschrift für Medienpsychologie ◽

10.1026/1617-6383.18.4.160 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 160-173 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Maria Senokozlieva ◽

Oliver Fischer ◽

Gary Bente ◽

Nicole Krämer

Keyword(s):

Content Analysis ◽

Arab World ◽

Methodological Approach ◽

Cross Cultural ◽

Cultural Comparison ◽

Explorative Study ◽

Cross Cultural Comparison ◽

Tv News ◽

The Usa ◽

The Relationship

Abstract. TV news are essentially cultural phenomena. Previous research suggests that the often-overlooked formal and implicit characteristics of newscasts may be systematically related to culture-specific characteristics. Investigating these characteristics by means of a frame-by-frame content analysis is identified as a particularly promising methodological approach. To examine the relationship between culture and selected formal characteristics of newscasts, we present an explorative study that compares material from the USA, the Arab world, and Germany. Results indicate that there are many significant differences, some of which are in line with expectations derived from cultural specifics. Specifically, we argue that the number of persons presented as well as the context in which they are presented can be interpreted as indicators of Individualism/Collectivism. The conclusions underline the validity of the chosen methodological approach, but also demonstrate the need for more comprehensive and theory-driven category schemes.

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