Pathological Gambling and Depression

1996 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 635-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisardo Becoña ◽  
María Del Carmen Lorenzo ◽  
María José Fuentes
Keyword(s):  
Pathological Gambling ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Random Sample ◽  
Beck Depression Inventory ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pathological Gamblers ◽  
Dsm Iv

A number of previous studies have indicated that pathological gambling is often associated with depression. Equally, a number of theoretical models of pathological gambling have included depression as a key variable. Here we report a study of depression in pathological gamblers identified within a random sample of 1,615 adults living in the major cities of Galicia (northwest Spain). Pathological gamblers were identified on DSM–IV diagnostic criteria. Depression was evaluated with the Beck Depression Inventory, subjects being classified ‘depressive’ if they obtained a score of 18 or more. Of 19 pathological gamblers who completed the Beck Depression Inventory, 21% were depressive; by contrast, only 9% of the other subjects were depressive. The Beck scores of pathological gamblers were positively correlated with the severity of their addiction as indicated by the number of DSM–IV-specified symptoms reported.

Attentional bias in pathological gambling. A review

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 120-120
Author(s):  
E.J.V. Vizcaino ◽  
M.M. Mayor ◽  
I.M. Gras ◽  
G.P. Alfaro ◽  
G.R. Valladolid
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Pathological Gambling ◽  
Attentional Bias ◽  
Impulse Control ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Cognitive Dimension ◽  
Pathological Gamblers ◽  
Modified Stroop ◽  
Emotional Dimension ◽  
Dsm Iv

RationalePathological gambling (PG) is a relatively prevalent psychiatric disorder, which is included in the category of Impulse Control Disorders of the DSM-IV TR. It's prevalence is 1%. Dopamine is the main neurotransmitter involved in it. Attentional bias (AB) is a phenomenon whereby attentional channelling is directed toward personally valued stimuli, despite an individual's efforts to ignore them. AB have been previously described in several Substance Use Disorders (SUD) such as alcoholism and cocaine use disorders.ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to investigate the current evidence of the presence of AB associated to PG.MethodsWe performed a systematic search in PubMed (1980-Present) to identify publications that examined the existence of AB in PG.ResultsTo date, two studies have found the existence of an AB in pathological gamblers. Both studies have been performed using a modified Stroop procedure, and report that gamblers show an automatic interference when naming the color of gambling-related words.ConclusionsPG could be conceptualized as an addictive behavior and we can hypothesize a link between addiction and automaticity. There is a relationship between AB (cognitive dimension) and subjective craving (emotional dimension), so that high levels of craving can be both, a cause of, and a consequence of, an elevation of AB of gambling-related cues. Even so, there is little research in this field to date. Further studies are warranted using new paradigms for the assessment of AB in PG.

A Psychometric Evaluation of the DSM-IV Pathological Gambling Diagnostic Criteria

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Zimmerman ◽  
Iwona Chelminski ◽  
Diane Young
Keyword(s):  
Pathological Gambling ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Psychometric Evaluation ◽  
Dsm Iv

Pathological Gamblers are Neither Impulsive Nor Sensation—Seekers

1988 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clive C. Allcock ◽  
David M. Grace
Keyword(s):  
Pathological Gambling ◽  
Patient Group ◽  
Impulse Control ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
The Other ◽  
Drug Addicts ◽  
Heroin Addicts ◽  
Pathological Gamblers ◽  
Sensation Seeking Scale

Ten pathological gamblers, ten alcoholics, ten heroin addicts and twenty five non-patients were compared using Zuckerman's Sensation Seeking Scale (SSS) and Barratt's Impulsivity Scale (BIS). The pathological gamblers did not differ from the non-patient group on either measure. Drug addicts scored significantly higher and alcoholics significantly lower than the pathological gamblers and the non-patient group on the SSS, while drug addicts scored significantly higher than the other groups on the BIS. The difficulties in defining impulsivity are discussed. It is suggested that the classification of pathological gambling as a disorder of impulse control should be reconsidered.

Pathological gambling: prevalence in Spain / El juego patológico: prevalencia en España

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisardo Becoña Iglesias
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
General Population ◽  
Pathological Gambling ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Prevalence Studies ◽  
Derivative Instruments ◽  
Salud Mental ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Representative Samples

El juego patológico constituye un importante problema de salud mental en España y en otros países desarrollados. Se analizan los estudios de prevalencia en función de los criterios diagnósticos que se han utilizado hasta ahora para el juego patológico. Los estudios de prevalencia realizados en muestras representativas de la población basados en el DSM-III, DSM-III-R, DSM-IV y SOGS indicaban una prevalencia entre el 1.4 y el 1.7% en las muestras más representativas españolas, semejante a la de otros países. Los últimos estudios con instrumentos derivados del DSMIV, como el NODS, o versiones revisadas del SOGS indican un nivel de prevalencia menor para el juego patológico. Se analizan todos los estudios realizados en España con unos y otros instrumentos y su comparación con los resultados de otros países, especialmente en adultos junto a otros estudios realizados con niños y adolescentes. AbstractThe pathological gambling constitutes an important problem of mental health in Spain and in other developed countries. The prevalence studies are analyzed in function of the diagnostic criteria that have been used to assess the pathological gambling. The studies realized in the more representative samples of the general population in Spain based on the DSMIII, DSM-III-R, DSM-IV and SOGS indicated a prevalencia between the 1.4 and 1.7%, similar to that of other countries. The last studies with derivative instruments of the DSM-IV, as the NODS, or revised versions of the SOGS, indicate a level of smaller prevalencia for the pathological gambling. Finally, we discuss the results of the studies carried out in Spain with several instruments or criteria and their comparison with the results of other countries, especially in adults as in adolescents.

The Lie/Bet Questionnaire for Screening Pathological Gamblers

1997 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward E. Johnson ◽  
Robert Hamer ◽  
Rena M. Nora ◽  
Benito Tan ◽  
Norman Eisenstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Pathological Gambling ◽  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Pathological Gamblers ◽  
Item Questionnaire ◽  
Dsm Iv

A 2-item questionnaire was derived from 10 DSM-IV criteria for pathological gambling. Subjects were 362 men, 191 classified as pathological gamblers and 171 as nonproblem-gambling controls. The two items were significant in sensitivity and negative predictive value and significant in specificity and positive predictive value.

Comparison of Imaginal Desensitisation with other Behavioural Treatments of Pathological Gambling a Two- to Nine-Year Follow-up

1991 ◽  
Vol 159 (3) ◽  
pp. 390-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathaniel McConaghy ◽  
Alexander Blaszczynski ◽  
Anna Frankova
Keyword(s):  
Pathological Gambling ◽  
Specific Effect ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Effective Therapy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pathological Gamblers

Of 120 pathological gamblers randomly allocated to imaginal desensitisation (ID) or to other behavioural procedures (60 to each group, all procedures administered over one week) 63 subjects were contacted two to nine years later. Twenty-six of the 33 who received ID reported control or cessation of gambling compared with 16 of 30 who received other behavioural procedures. This difference was significant, indicating ID had a specific effect additional to that of the other behavioural procedures. It is suggested the other procedures could be regarded as placebos. As the response at a mean of over five years to one week of ID is comparable with that reported to more intensive therapies, after briefer follow-up, it is suggested ID is a cost-effective therapy for pathological gambling, and is worth considering when resources are limited.

Reliability, validity, and classification accuracy of a Spanish translation of a measure of DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for pathological gambling

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. S327-S328
Author(s):  
S. Jimenez-Murcia ◽  
R. Stinchfield ◽  
E. Alvarez-Moya ◽  
N. Jaurrieta ◽  
B. Bueno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pathological Gambling ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Classification Accuracy ◽  
Spanish Translation ◽  
Dsm Iv

Assessment of Pathological Gamblers Who Use Slot Machines

2003 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 707-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. González-Ibáñez ◽  
M. N. Aymamí ◽  
S. Jiménez ◽  
J. M. Domenech ◽  
R. Granero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pathological Gambling ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Interpersonal Sensitivity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Slot Machines ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Sociodemographic Variables ◽  
Pathological Gamblers ◽  
Phobic Anxiety ◽  
Cluster 2

The aim of the present study was to classify pathological gamblers based on their psychopathology as related to the variable sensation-seeking, and to check possible differences between the groups on the sociodemographic variables. The sample was composed of 110 male pathological gamblers using slot machines who requested treatment at the Pathological Gambling Unit at the Ciutat Sanitària i Universitària de Bellvitge. It was observed that pathological gamblers comprise three clusters, differentiated with differing severity depression, psychoticism, somatization, impulsiveness, interpersonal sensitivity, and phobic anxiety. Cluster 1, representing 46.7% of the sample, showed mean scores higher than or equal to T = 63. On the subscales of Depression, Psychoticism, Interpersonal Sensidvity, Phobic Anxiety, and Obsessiveness–Compulsiveness the score was close to T = 63 (the clinical cut-off score). Cluster 2, representing 23.8% of the sample, scored higher than Cluster 1 on the following subscales: Depression, Phobic Anxiety, Interpersonal Sensitivity, Psychoticism, Obsessive–Compulsive, and Somatization. On Cluster 3 highest mean scores were observed on all SCL-90-R dimensions relative to the other two groups. What distinguished these subgroups is not symptomatology but the severity of the psychopathology. On the other hand, sensation seeking was similar for the three clusters, and the slight differences depended on the subjects' psychopathology.

scholarly journals The addictive potential of lottery gambling

2007 ◽  
pp. 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine M. Grüsser ◽  
Babett Plöntzke ◽  
Ulrike Albrecht ◽  
Chantal Patricia Mörsen
Keyword(s):  
Pathological Gambling ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Gambling Behavior ◽  
Behavioral Addiction ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The World ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Addictive Potential ◽  
Lottery Gambling ◽  
As Effects

Objective: Lottery gambling has enjoyed great popularity around the world for many years and is generally seen as a socially acceptable form of gambling. Apart from aspects such as effects on charities, pathological lottery gambling and its addictive nature have often been discussed recently but rarely investigated. Methods: In the present study lottery gambling was investigated with respect to criteria of pathological gambling and addiction using a standardized questionnaire on gambling behavior that also assesses diagnostic criteria of addiction according to the DSM-IV. Sample: 171 active lottery gambling subjects (40 females, 131 males) participated in the present study. Results: 15.2% of the subjects fulfilled the criteria of pathological lottery gambling. Pathological lottery gamblers differed significantly from nonpathological lottery gamblers concerning the diagnostic criteria for addiction. Conclusion: An extension of the diagnosis "pathological gambling" to "behavioral addiction" seems to be appropriate for excessive lottery gambling.

Reliability, Validity, and Classification Accuracy of a Spanish Translation of a Measure of DSM-IV Diagnostic Criteria for Pathological Gambling

2008 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Jiménez-Murcia ◽  
R. Stinchfield ◽  
E. Álvarez-Moya ◽  
N. Jaurrieta ◽  
B. Bueno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pathological Gambling ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Classification Accuracy ◽  
Spanish Translation ◽  
Dsm Iv
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