Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Illness Behaviour in HIV+ Patients

1996 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 843-845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karel F. H. Botha
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Stress Reactions ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Illness Behaviour ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Asymptomatic Hiv

24 asymptomatic HIV+ patients completed the Impact of Event Scale and the Illness Behaviour Questionnaire. Analysis indicated above-average scores on posttraumatic stress reactions as well as significant intercorrelations of this score with scores on three factors on the Illness Behaviour Questionnaire, namely, hypochondriasis, affective inhibition, and disease conviction. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed in terms of these findings.

Symptoms of Acute Posttraumatic Stress Disorder After Intensive Care

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 534-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Wallen ◽  
Wendy Chaboyer ◽  
Lukman Thalib ◽  
Debra K. Creedy
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Independent Predictor ◽  
Cutoff Score ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
The Impact

Background Admission to intensive care is often a sudden and unexpected event precipitated by a life-threatening condition, 2 determinants thought to influence the development of posttraumatic stress disorder. Objectives To identify the frequency of acute symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder and to describe factors predictive of these symptoms in patients 1 month after discharge from intensive care. Methods In this prospective cohort study, all patients meeting the inclusion criteria during the study period were invited to participate. Participants completed the Impact of Event Scale-Revised, and demographic and clinical data were accessed from an intensive care unit database. Results During a 9-month period, 114 of 137 patients who met the inclusion criteria consented to participate in the study, and 100 (88%) completed it. The mean total score on the Impact of Event Scale-Revised was 17.8 (SD, 13.4; possible range, 0–88). A total of 13 participants (13%) scored higher than the cutoff score for clinical posttraumatic stress disorder. Neither sex nor length of stay was predictive of acute symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder. In multivariate analysis, the only independent predictor of symptoms was age. Patients younger than 65 years were 5.6 times (95% confidence interval, 1.17–26.89) more likely than those 65 years and older to report symptoms. Conclusion The rate of symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder 1 month after discharge from intensive care was relatively low. Consistent with findings of previous research, being younger than 65 years was the only independent predictor of symptoms.

scholarly journals Correction to: Screening for posttraumatic stress disorder in ARDS survivors: validation of the impact of event Scale-6 (IES-6)

Critical Care ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan M. Hosey ◽  
Jeannie-Marie S. Leoutsakos ◽  
Ximin Li ◽  
Victor D. Dinglas ◽  
O. Joseph Bienvenu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
The Impact

Personality Dispositions in the Prediction of Posttraumatic Stress Reactions

2006 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 569-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. V. Aidman ◽  
L. Kollaras-Mitsinikos
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Stress Reactions ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Posttraumatic Symptoms ◽  
Metropolitan Hospital ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact

The study examined the relationship of extraversion, neuroticism, and impulsiveness with posttraumatic stress reactions of avoidance and intrusion. 36 outpatients from a Trauma Unit at a major metropolitan hospital in Melbourne (Victoria), and 24 age-matched controls completed the Impact of Event Scale, the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Revised, and the Impulsivity Questionnaire. Intrusion symptoms were predicted both by Extraversion and Neuroticism, after controlling for age and gender, with Neuroticism making a stronger contribution to the prediction. The only predictor of Avoidance symptoms was Neuroticism. Impulsivity correlated with Intrusion symptoms but predicted them only in the trauma group. This finding, along with the observed positive associations of Extroversion with both posttraumatic symptoms, lends support to Gray's model of dispositions influencing responses to trauma, suggesting that impulsive (extroverted) neurotics are more vulnerable to posttraumatic stress than introverted ones.

Factor structure of posttraumatic stress disorder as measured by the Impact of Event Scale–Revised: Stability across cultures and time.

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel W. King ◽  
Robert J. Orazem ◽  
Dean Lauterbach ◽  
Lynda A. King ◽  
Claire L. Hebenstreit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder after exposure to biological material

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela da Cunha Januário ◽  
Priscila do Carmo Freitas de Carvalho ◽  
Juliano Teixeira Moraes ◽  
Mariana Alvina dos Santos ◽  
Elucir Gir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Biological Material ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Ethical Aspects ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Psychological Reactions ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Inferential Analysis ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objective: To track symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) according to scores of the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) in nursing staff exposed to accidents with biological material, from October 2014 to May 2016, in a philanthropic hospital in the state of Minas Gerais. Methods: Retrospective, descriptive study with a quantitative approach. Inferential analysis was performed using a 95% confidence interval, p ≤ 0.05. The data were collected considering all the ethical aspects described in resolution 466/2012. Results: The majority of workers were nursing technicians (52.5%), female (91.8%), with a mean age of 31.4 years (SD 7.5), the majority of exposures being percutaneous (60.7%). Of all individuals, 19.6% presented scores above 5.6, showing signs of PTSD. Individuals who had suffered accidents more than six months previously (p = 0.025) had significantly higher scores than those who had been exposure for less than three months. Conclusion: The study highlights the need for the use of validated instruments for the evaluation of fear, anxiety, stress, and other psychological reactions that characterize PTSD, as well as the provision of psychological care for workers exposed to biological material.

Essessment of criminal aggression at combatants with posttraumatic stress disorder by horowitz scale

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 778-778
Author(s):  
G. Fastovtsov ◽  
E. Sokolova
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
The Impact

As an observation object for this research were taken veterans of local wars with posttraumatic stress disorder. Research materials were based at analysis of representative group, contains of 478 man, who were doing their military service at the areas of local armed conflicts with clinics of posttraumatic stress disorder. The main group contains of 344 man who committed an aggressive crime and passed an examining in Serbsky National Research Center for Social and Forensic psychiatry, Moscow. For the contrast group were taken 134 man, who were under the treatment in military hospitals.To educate specialty and estimate severity of posttraumatic stress disorder was used the Impact of Event Scale-Revised, IES-R. Reliable difference were received. Clinics of this disorder includes not only intrusion, avoidance and hyperarousal, but organic mental disorders also.This scale was officially accepted in Russian science academy. Intrusion scale contains of such factors as obsessive flashbacks at the influence of stress factors and nightmares. Avoidance scale includes attempts to avoid experience, connected with stress event and reactivity reduce. Symptoms of third scale includes irritability, tension, emotion instability, difficulties of attention concentration. For patients who committed crimes the level of intrusion and hyperarousal was reliably higher. No difference was found at the avoidance. For assessment of aggression risk were created special models, based on subscale IES-R. The results of regression analysis showed the predictors of criminal aggression. The research permits to make prognosis for criminal aggression as a complicated form of posttraumatic stress disorder.

Posttraumatic stress disorder and psychological distress in Rwandan refugees living in Zambia

2021 ◽  
pp. 008124632110318
Author(s):  
Victor Mwanamwambwa ◽  
Basil Joseph Pillay
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

The present study investigated posttraumatic stress disorder and psychological distress among Rwandan refugees living in the townships of Lusaka, Zambia. Refugees are often exposed to trauma and violence which leads to a wide range of psychological distress and mental disorders. Two hundred and sixty-seven refugees participated in the study. The sample consisted of older and younger adult refugees, 128 (47.9%) males and 139 (52.1%) females, from Lusaka. The Impact of Event Scale–Revised and the General Health Questionnaire-28 were administered to all participants. The study found that a significant number of participants reported posttraumatic stress disorder and psychological distress. About 76.8% endorsed posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms. In addition, 31.8% reported somatic symptoms, 36.7% anxiety or insomnia, 27.3% social dysfunction, and 22.8% severe depression. Lower education ( p < .01), larger family size ( p < .001), lack of financial support ( p < .05), and being unemployed ( p < .001) were positively associated with posttraumatic stress disorder and psychological distress. Intervention strategies aimed at improving the lives of refugees should be ongoing and must encompass a well-articulated, structured refugee policy that emphasizes mental health and psychological needs.

Utility of the Impact of Event Scale in Screening for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

2005 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 297-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anke B. Witteveen ◽  
Inge Bramsen ◽  
Johannes E. Hovens ◽  
Henk M. van der Ploeg
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
The Self ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Self Rating ◽  
Ptsd Scale ◽  
The Impact

This study assesses the optimal cut-off point for the Impact of Event Scale and compares its screening properties with those of the Self-rating Inventory for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder among war-related trauma victims. 74 patients with war-related trauma were administered the Impact of Event Scale and the Self-rating Inventory for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, followed 1 wk. later by the Clinician-administered PTSD Scale. Receiver operating characteristic analysis indicated for the Impact of Event Scale a sensitivity of .77 and a specificity of .51 at a cut-off value of 36. For the Self-rating Inventory for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder a sensitivity of .86 and a specificity of .69 were found at a cut-off value of 52. The authors conclude that careful use of the Impact of Event Scale as a screening measure for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder is warranted.

scholarly journals Posttraumatic Stress Disorder symptoms in persons involved in road accidents and paramedics

2021 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. e515
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Parobkiewicz ◽  
Michał Ziarko ◽  
Julia Krawczyk ◽  
Jagna Jasielska
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Aim. The aim of the study was to assess the risk of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among persons involved in road accidents and paramedics. Little is known about similarity or difference of PTSD symptoms between these two groups involved in accident in voluntary and involuntary way. Material and Methods. Persons involved in road accidents (N = 78) and paramedics (N = 106) completed the Polish version of the Impact of Event Scale–Revised.Results. The percentage of those who reported PTSD symptoms was similar and insignificant among persons involved in road accidents (56%) and among paramedics (45%). A significant difference (p < 0,01) was observed between these groups, however. The total PTSD, intrusions, and avoidance were higher for persons involved in road accidents.Conclusions. Victims, perpetrators, and helpers in road accidents were at a similar risk of PTSD. Peritraumatic interventions are recommended for all these groups.

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