Need for Cognition and Irrational Beliefs

1997 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 685-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Mahoney ◽  
Douglas Kaufman
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Irrational Beliefs ◽  
Irrational Belief ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Need For Cognition ◽  
Process Variable ◽  
Minimum Threshold ◽  
Content Variable ◽  
Self Examination ◽  
The Relationship

A total of 149 college students, 48 men and 101 women, completed the Irrational Beliefs and the Need for Cognition scales to assess irrationality and the tendency to engage in effortful cognitive activity. Although substantial overlap between the constructs was found ( r = –.29, p < .001), the relationship was not linear. Need for Cognition appears to be a process variable, while irrational belief appears to be a content variable. Results suggest that the Need for Cognition must achieve a minimum threshold before spontaneous critical self-examination can occur.

scholarly journals Negative Moderating Effect of General Self-Efficacy on the Relationship between Need for Cognition and Cognitive Effort

2011 ◽  
Vol 109 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kishore Gopalakrishna Pillai ◽  
Ronald E. Goldsmith ◽  
Michael Giebelhausen
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Boundary Condition ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Need For Cognition ◽  
Cognitive Effort ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
General Self Efficacy

This study demonstrates the negative moderating effect of general self-efficacy on the relationship between need for cognition, which refers to stable individual differences in people's tendencies to engage in and enjoy cognitive activity, and cognitive effort. This negative moderating effect of general self-efficacy has been termed “plasticity.” Scholars assume the relationship between need for cognition and cognitive effort is true by definition. The study uses data from 144 U.S. college students and employs moderated regression analysis followed by subgroup analysis to demonstrate plasticity. The results set a boundary condition to the generally presumed relationship between need for cognition and cognitive effort, thereby improving the understanding of how these phenomena are related.

Alienation and Irrational Beliefs in a Nonclinical University Population

1999 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Mahoney
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Irrational Beliefs ◽  
Irrational Belief ◽  
Linear Effect ◽  
University Population ◽  
The Relationship

A total of 126 college students, 53 men and 73 women, completed the Manifest Alienation Scale and the Irrational Beliefs Scale to assess alienation and irrationality. A linear relationship indicated students with elevated Alienation scores showed substantially higher irrationality than did students scoring lower. Analysis suggests that a positive linear effect for measured irrationality and reported Alienation characterizes students in a nonclinical population. The relationship between normal and pathological Alienation and irrational belief are addressed, and potential interventions in clinical situations are considered.

scholarly journals A-31 Association Between Cognitive Activity and Recovery Outcomes in College Students Following Concussion

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 627-627
Author(s):  
K M Petit ◽  
A J Zynda ◽  
M Anderson ◽  
C P Tomczyk ◽  
T Covassin
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Recovery Time ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Symptom Reporting ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Symptom Scale ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
Medical Clearance ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Objective To evaluate the relationship between self-reported cognitive activity and recovery outcomes (symptom reporting, recovery time) in college students following concussion. Method Cognitive activity was defined as self-reported minutes spent in class and studying during the first 5 days following concussion. Self-reported symptoms were reported at day 5 post-injury using the Post-Concussion Symptom Scale (PCSS). The PCSS evaluates 22 symptoms on a 7-point Likert Scale from 0 (none) to 6 (severe). Recovery time was defined as total days from injury to unrestricted medical clearance. Separate Spearman’s rank correlations assessed the relationship between total cognitive activity (minutes in class and studying) and recovery outcomes (symptom total (22), symptom severity (132), and recovery time). Alpha level set a priori at 0.05. Results Twenty-one participants (14 female, 7 male, 19.5 ± 1.3 years) averaged a total of 653[IQR = 348] minutes of cognitive activity during the first 5 days after concussion (334[IQR = 149] minutes in class, 273[IQR = 313] minutes studying). Five days after injury, participants self-reported 3[IQR = 8] total symptoms yielding a severity of 4[IQR = 12]. Participants took 15 [IQR = 8] days to reach unrestricted medical clearance. No associations were found between total cognitive load and any post-concussion recovery outcomes (symptom total: Rs = −.299, p = .19; symptom severity: Rs = −.230, p = .32; recovery time: Rs = −.041, p = .86). Conclusions Preliminary analyses suggest that concussed college students can be encouraged to gradually return to normal levels of cognitive activity, as it may not be associated with future symptom reporting or recovery time. Future research is needed to assess specific cognitive activities immediately influence on post-concussion symptom reporting.

Relationship between Locus of Control and Irrational Beliefs

1981 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillip G. Wright ◽  
R. O. Pihl
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Irrational Beliefs ◽  
Irrational Belief ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
External Locus ◽  
Irrational Thinking ◽  
External Locus Of Control

College students (40 male and 40 female) were administered Rotter's Internal-External Locus of Control (I-E) Scale and the Irrational Beliefs Test. A significant correlation of .41 was found indicating a moderately strong relationship between externality and extent of irrational thinking. Five of 10 irrational belief scales, Demand for approval, Frustration reactive, Anxious overconcern, Dependency, and Helplessness, were also significantly positively correlated with extetnality ( rs ranging from .22 to .40). The results were interpreted as reinforcing an association between externality and maladjustment.

Comparison and Cross-Validation of the Irrational Belief Test and the Rational Behavior Inventory

1980 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 541-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph B. Ray ◽  
Joseph S. Bak
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Validation Study ◽  
Irrational Beliefs ◽  
Cross Validation ◽  
Irrational Belief ◽  
The Other ◽  
Rational Behavior ◽  
Female Undergraduate ◽  
The One

The Irrational Belief Test and the Rational Behavior Inventory were given to 27 male and 33 female undergraduate students. The tests were significantly and negatively correlated, indicating that subjects who demonstrated many of the irrational beliefs on the one test also exhibited little rational behavior on the other. The results of this cross-validation study supported the notion that the degree of rationality and irrationality evidenced by college students in the standardization studies is still evidenced by today's youth.

Factor Structure of Ellis' Irrational Beliefs in a Nonclinical College Population

1997 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 511-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Mahoney
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Irrational Beliefs ◽  
Irrational Belief ◽  
Summary Score ◽  
Female College Students ◽  
Survey Analysis ◽  
College Population ◽  
Inpatient Population

In a study of irrational beliefs among nonclinical populations, 54 male and 75 female college students completed the Irrational Beliefs Survey. Analysis suggests that the survey measures a coherent construct and that a simple summary score is adequate for most uses. Factor analysis disclosed a unidimensional monotonic dimension of irrationality in beliefs among nonclinical respondents. The findings contrast with the appearance of ambiguous clusters of irrational beliefs reported with an inpatient population. The existence of a single dimension of irrational belief is substantially supported.

Is Belief in a Just World Rational?

1998 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 423-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah A. Stowers ◽  
Mark W. Durm
Keyword(s):  
Older Women ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Irrational Beliefs ◽  
Irrational Belief ◽  
Just World ◽  
Rational Thinking ◽  
Irrational Thinking ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
The Relationship

To estimate the relationship between the belief in a just world and irrational thinking, 62 undergraduates completed the Jones Irrational Beliefs Test and the Multidimensional Belief in a Just World Scale. It was hypothesized that belief in a just world precluded rational thinking. No significant correlations were found between scores on irrational beliefs and beliefs in a just world; however, post hoc tests indicated a significant relationship between age and scores on irrational belief in women, indicating that perhaps the older women were less prone to irrational beliefs.

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