Correlations of Self-Ratings of Attitude towards Violent Groups with Measures of Personality, Self-Esteem, and Moral Reasoning

1999 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 558-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Jose Sotelo ◽  
Jose Luis Sangrador
Keyword(s):  
Moral Reasoning ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Defining Issues Test ◽  
The Self ◽  
Common Variance ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Positive Attitudes

Relations of self-rated positive attitudes towards violent groups were examined among 273 adolescents with scores on self-esteem, moral reasoning, and self-perceptions of personality. Moral reasoning, measured by the Rest Defining Issues Test, correlated −.18 but not with self-esteem scores. There were significant correlations of .18 or .19 between the self-rated attitudes and Materialism, Conformity, Conservatism, Obstinance, Anxiety, and Thoughtlessness, but rs accounted for very little common variance.

Evidence That Self-Relevant Motives and Metaphoric Framing Interact to Influence Political and Social Attitudes

2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 1421-1427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark J. Landau ◽  
Daniel Sullivan ◽  
Jeff Greenberg
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Binge Drinking ◽  
The United States ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Social Attitudes ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Attitudes Toward Immigrants ◽  
Motivational States ◽  
Positive Attitudes

We propose that metaphor is a mechanism by which motivational states in one conceptual domain can influence attitudes in a superficially unrelated domain. Two studies tested whether activating motives related to the self-concept influences attitudes toward social topics when the topics' metaphoric association to the motives is made salient through linguistic framing. In Study 1, heightened motivation to protect one's own body from contamination led to harsher attitudes toward immigrants entering the United States when the country was framed in body-metaphoric, rather than literal, terms. In Study 2, a self-esteem threat led to more positive attitudes toward binge drinking of alcohol when drinking was metaphorically framed as physical self-destruction, compared with when it was framed literally or metaphorically as competitive other-destruction.

scholarly journals The Mediating Effect of Dispositional Gratitude on the Relationship between Religious Struggles and Self-Esteem: Preliminary Results

Religions ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Szcześniak ◽  
Adam Falewicz ◽  
Daria Madej ◽  
Grażyna Bielecka ◽  
Joanna Pracka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Internal Strain ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
The Self ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Personal Worth ◽  
Dispositional Gratitude ◽  
The Relationship

In comforting or distressing circumstances, individuals tend to have various perceptions of themselves. It seems that religious comfort and religious distress correlate differently with people’s self-esteem. Since the relationship between religiosity and self-esteem is not only direct but can be mediated by other factors that are recognized as buffers against adverse situations, our main goal was to verify whether dispositional gratitude may have an indirect effect on the association between both variables. The research involved data from 254 participants aged 18 to 25 (M = 21.24; SD = 2.09) and included 192 women (76%) and 62 men (24%). To measure the title variables, we used: the Religious Comfort and Strain Scale (RCSS), the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), and the Gratitude Questionnaire (GQ-6). The results showed that people who consider religion as a source of comfort express positive attitudes toward the self and recognize others’ kindness, as well. In contrast, people who consider religiosity as a cause of fear, stress, and internal strain tend to display a lower subjective sense of personal worth and lower appreciation of the positivity around them. Moreover, gratitude had a mediatory effect on the relationships between religious comfort/negative emotions toward God and self-esteem.

Self-Concept and Perceived Social Support among College Students with and without Learning Disabilities

1997 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merith A. Cosden ◽  
Joanne McNamara
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Social Acceptance ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Self ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Campus Organizations ◽  
Intellectual Abilities ◽  
Students With Ld ◽  
Self Worth

This study examined the self-perceptions of college students with and without LD. Fifty college students with LD and 50 college students without LD were individually administered the Self-Perception Profile for College Students and People in My Life. Students with LD had lower grades, test scores, and perceptions of their scholastic and intellectual abilities than students without disabilities. However, students did not differ in their perceptions of global self-worth, the importance they placed on academic competence, or their ratings of domain-specific competencies. Students with LD reported more social acceptance and support, and more support from campus organizations, than did students without LD. Support from campus organizations was related to self-esteem for students with LD, while support from instructors was associated with self-esteem for students without LD. Other factors related to self-esteem are discussed.

scholarly journals Dyslexia, Literacy Difficulties and the Self-Perceptions of Children and Young People: a Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa Gibby-Leversuch ◽  
Brettany K. Hartwell ◽  
Sarah Wright
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Young People ◽  
Attributional Style ◽  
The Self ◽  
Attributional Styles ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Self Worth ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This systematic review investigates the links between literacy difficulties, dyslexia and the self-perceptions of children and young people (CYP). It builds on and updates Burden’s (2008) review and explores how the additional factors of attributional style and the dyslexia label may contribute to CYP’s self-perceptions. Nineteen papers are included and quality assessed. Quantitative papers measured the self-reported self-perceptions of CYP with literacy difficulties and/or dyslexia (LitD/D) and compared these with the CYP without LitD/D. Qualitative papers explored the lived experiences of CYP with LitD/D, including their self-views and how these were affected by receiving a dyslexia diagnosis. Results suggest that CYP with LitD/D may be at greater risk of developing negative self-perceptions of themselves as learners, but not of their overall self-worth. Factors found to be relevant in supporting positive self-perceptions include adaptive attributional styles, good relationships with peers and parents, and positive attitudes towards dyslexia and neurodiversity. In some cases, CYP with LitD/D felt that others perceived them as unintelligent or idle; for these CYP, a diagnosis led to more positive self-perceptions, as it provided an alternative picture of themselves. There is a need for further research to explore the impact of attributional style and the potential for intervention, as well as CYPs’ experiences of diagnosis and the associated advantages or disadvantages.

Social group membership and perceptions of the self in Northern Irish children

2000 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 330-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orla T. Muldoon ◽  
Karen Trew
Keyword(s):  
Group Membership ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Social Disadvantage ◽  
The Self ◽  
Socioeconomic Background ◽  
Northern Irish ◽  
Minority Community ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Group Memberships

Social disadvantage and minority group membership are believed to have an adverse effect on the development of the self-concept. However, the exact effects of such factors on children’s self-competence and self-esteem are still subject to debate, with some authors arguing that it is not until later in life that the adverse psychological effects of social disadvantage become apparent. This study therefore examined the relationship between gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic status (SES), and age on self-competence and self-esteem in childhood. Eight- to eleven-year-old children ( N = 689) completed the Harter Self-Perception Profile for Children (Harter, 1985) and the results were analysed using MANOVA. Substantial gender differences in self-perceptions across several domains, including global self-esteem, were evident. The analysis also indicated that children of lower SES and from the Roman Catholic (minority) community in Northern Ireland had significantly less positive self-perceptions than middle SES and Protestant (majority group) children in a range of domains. These differences, however, were generally only evidenced at ages 10 and 11. Discussion of these results highlights the influence of group memberships on children’s social development, particularly at the preadolescent stage, and points to the need to consider the combined effects of psychosocial identities and socioeconomic background on the development of self-perceptions.

scholarly journals The Self-Perception Connection: Why Consumers Devalue Unattractive Produce

2018 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Grewal ◽  
Jillian Hmurovic ◽  
Cait Lamberton ◽  
Rebecca Walker Reczek
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Self ◽  
Financial Loss ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
The Aesthetic

This research investigates the mechanism by which the aesthetic premium placed on produce contributes to consumers’ rejection of safe, edible, yet aesthetically unattractive, fruits and vegetables, which results in both financial loss to retailers and food waste. Further, the authors identify a novel way in which the devaluation of such produce can be reduced. Five experiments demonstrate that consumers devalue unattractive produce because of altered self-perceptions: merely imagining the consumption of unattractive produce negatively affects how consumers view themselves, lowering their willingness to pay for unattractive produce relative to equivalently safe but more attractive alternatives. This discrepancy in willingness to pay for unattractive versus attractive produce can be reduced by altering the self-diagnostic signal of consumer choices and boosting consumers’ self-esteem. An experiment in the field demonstrates the effectiveness of using easily implementable in-store messaging to boost consumers’ self-esteem in ways that increase consumers’ positive self-perceptions and, subsequently, their willingness to choose unattractive produce. This research, therefore, suggests low-cost yet effective strategies retailers can use to market unattractive produce, potentially raising retailer profits while reducing food waste.

Psychological Variables Associated with Adolescents' Identification with Significant Groups

1999 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 750-750
Author(s):  
María José Sotelo
Keyword(s):  
Moral Reasoning ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Cognitive Moral Reasoning

This research describes associations of identification of 300 adolescents with significant group concepts and variables correlated with their development such as self-esteem, cognitive moral reasoning, and self-perceptions of personality.

The self-schema and addictive behaviors: Studies of alcoholic patients

2001 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cyril Tarquinio ◽  
Gustave Nicolas Fischer ◽  
Aurélie Gauchet ◽  
Jacques Perarnaud
Keyword(s):  
Decision Time ◽  
The Self ◽  
Addictive Behaviors ◽  
Social Judgments ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Self Schema ◽  
Description Task ◽  
Positive Traits ◽  
First Interview

This study deals with the sociocognitive organization of the self-schema in alcoholic patients. It was aimed at understanding how the self-schema takes shape within the framework of social judgments known to be determinants of personality. Alcoholic subjects were interviewed twice, once during their first consultation for treatment and then again four months later after completion of treatment. Our approach was derived directly from the methodology used by Markus (1977) and Clemmey & Nicassio (1997) in their studies on the self-schema. The subjects had to perform three tasks that required manipulating personality traits with positive and negative connotations (a self-description task in which decision time was measured, an autobiographical task, and a recall task). The results of the first interview showed that 1. in their self-descriptions, alcoholics took more time than control subjects both to accept positive traits and to reject negative ones; 2. unlike control subjects, alcoholics considered more negative traits to be self-descriptive than positive traits, and 3. unlike controls, alcoholics recalled more negative traits than positive ones. By the second interview, the results for the alcoholic subjects on the autobiographical and recall tasks had changed: 1. they now described themselves more positively and less negatively than on the first meeting; 2. they recalled a marginally greater number of positive traits and a significantly smaller number of negative traits, and 3. the differences between the alcoholics and controls indicated an improvement in the alcoholics' self-perceptions.

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