Methodological Note on Use of the Center for Epidemiological Studies—Depression Scale with Older Samples

1999 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 823-824
Author(s):  
James A. Thorson ◽  
F. C. Powell
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Composite Scores

Samples of older adults ( ns = 600, 251, and 214) given the Center for Epidemiological Studies–Depression Scale by telephone seem to have composite scores that are much lower than those who are interviewed face-to-face.

scholarly journals The Impact of Work Hours on Depressive Symptoms among Koreans Aged 45 and Over

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 853
Author(s):  
Juyeong Kim ◽  
Eun-Cheol Park
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Work Hours ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Health Studies ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Impact

Background: Given the documented importance of employment for middle-aged and older adults’ mental health, studies of the association between their number of work hours and depressive symptoms are needed. Objectives: To examine the association between the number of work hours and depressive symptoms in Korean aged 45 and over. Methods: We used data from the first wave to fourth wave of the Korea Longitudinal Study of Aging. Using the first wave at baseline, data included 9845 individuals. Depressive symptoms were measured using the 10-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale. We performed a longitudinal analysis to estimate the prevalence of depressive symptoms by work hours. Results: Both unemployed males and females aged 45–65 years were associated with higher depressive symptoms (β = 0.59, p < 0.001; β = 0.32, p < 0.001). Females working ≥ 69 h were associated with higher depressive symptoms compared to those working 41–68 h (β = 0.25, p = 0.013). Among those both middle-aged and older adults, both males and females unemployed were associated with higher depressive symptoms. Those middle-aged female working ≥69 h were associated with higher depressive symptoms. Conclusions: An increase in depressive symptoms was associated with unemployed males and females working ≥69 h compared to those working 41–68 h. Although this association was found among middle-aged individuals, a decrease in depressive symptoms in both sexes was associated with working 1–40 h. Depressive symptoms should decrease by implementing employment policies and social services to encourage employers to support middle-aged and older adults in the workforce considering their sex and age differences.

scholarly journals Socio-demographic characteristics and co-occurrence of depressive symptoms with chronic diseases among older adults in China: the China Longitudinal Ageing Social Survey

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenjie Wang ◽  
Hanmo Yang ◽  
Zhanyuan Guo ◽  
Bei Liu ◽  
Shen Geng
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Education Attainment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Survey

Abstract Background: The aim of the current study is to assess the cross-sectional association of chronic non-communicable diseases (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, arthritis, and cerebrovascular) with depressive symptoms among older adults in China. Methods: Data was obtained from the China Longitudinal Ageing Social Survey (CLASS) conducted in 2014. A total of 7505 participants were included. Depressive symptoms status was assessed by 9-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) Associations between depressive symptoms and chronic diseases, adjusting for so, demographics and chronic diseases risk factors were assessed by using logistic regression model. Results: We found negative associations between depressive symptoms and several socioeconomic factors, including education attainment and economic level. Widowed/divorced/ unmarried individuals are more likely to suffer from depressive symptoms. Hypertension (Odds ratio:1.29 [95%CI:1.16, 1.42]), diabetes (1.41 [95%CI:1.19,1.67]), arthritis (1.72 [1.52, 1.96]), and cerebrovascular disease (1.69 [1.41, 2.02]) were found to be associated with depressive symptoms. Conclusions: Most depressive symptoms cases were found to be significantly associated with chronic diseases. Our findings have provided evidence for understanding co-morbid depressive symptoms with chronic diseases, which could help clinicians to evaluate, diagnose and manage depression promptly.

scholarly journals Socio-demographic characteristics and co-occurrence of depressive symptoms with chronic diseases among older adults in China: the China Longitudinal Ageing Social Survey

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenjie Wang ◽  
Hanmo Yang ◽  
Zhanyuan Guo ◽  
Bei Liu ◽  
Shen Geng
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Education Attainment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Survey

Abstract Background: The aim of the current study is to assess the cross-sectional association of chronic non-communicable diseases (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, arthritis, and cerebrovascular) with depressive symptoms among older adults in China. Methods: Data was obtained from the China Longitudinal Ageing Social Survey (CLASS) conducted in 2014. A total of 7505 participants were included. Depressive symptoms status was assessed by 9-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) Associations between depressive symptoms and chronic diseases, adjusting for so, demographics and chronic diseases risk factors were assessed by using logistic regression model. Results: We found negative associations between depressive symptoms and several socioeconomic factors, including education attainment and economic level. Widowed/divorced/ unmarried individuals are more likely to suffer from depressive symptoms. Hypertension (Odds ratio:1.29 [95%CI:1.16, 1.42]), diabetes (1.41 [95%CI:1.19,1.67]), arthritis (1.72 [1.52, 1.96]), and cerebrovascular disease (1.69 [1.41, 2.02]) were found to be associated with depressive symptoms. Conclusions: Most depressive symptoms cases were found to be significantly associated with chronic diseases. Our findings have provided evidence for understanding co-morbid depressive symptoms with chronic diseases, which could help clinicians to evaluate, diagnose and manage depression promptly.

scholarly journals Cultural engagement and incident depression in older adults: evidence from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing

2018 ◽  
Vol 214 (4) ◽  
pp. 225-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisy Fancourt ◽  
Urszula Tymoszuk
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Cognitive Stimulation ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Reverse Causality ◽  
Cultural Engagement ◽  
English Longitudinal Study

BackgroundThere is a recognised need for the identification of factors that might be protective against the development of depression in older adults. Over the past decade, there has been growing research demonstrating the effects of cultural engagement (which combines a number of protective factors including social interaction, cognitive stimulation and gentle physical activity) on the treatment of depression, but as yet not on its prevention.AimsTo explore whether cultural engagement in older adults is associated with a reduced risk of developing depression over the following decade.MethodWorking with data from 2148 adults in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing who were free from depression at baseline, we used logistic regression models to explore associations between frequency of cultural engagement (including going to museums, theatre and cinema) and the risk of developing depression over the following 10 years using a combined index of the Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and physician-diagnosed depression.ResultsThere was a dose–response relationship between frequency of cultural engagement and the risk of developing depression independent of sociodemographic, health-related and social confounders. This equated to a 32% lower risk of developing depression for people who attended every few months (odds ratio (OR) = 0.68, 95% CI 0.47–0.99, P = 0.046) and a 48% lower risk for people who attended once a month or more (OR = 0.52, 95% CI 0.34–0.80, P = 0.003). Results were robust to sensitivity analyses exploring reverse causality, subclinical depressive symptoms and alternative CES-D thresholds.ConclusionsCultural engagement appears to be an independent risk-reducing factor for the development of depression in older age.Declaration of interestNone.

Comorbidities and depression in older adults with HIV

Sexual Health ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. Havlik ◽  
Mark Brennan ◽  
Stephen E. Karpiak
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
New York ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Sensory Loss ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective To investigate whether the high rates of depression found in older adults living with HIV are associated with the number and types of comorbidities. Methods: The Research on Older Adults with HIV (ROAH) study collected self-reported health data on ~1000 New York City HIV-positive men and women aged 50 years and older. Participants provided data on health problems experienced in the past year and depressive symptomatology (Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D)). Data were analysed using a non-parametric test of association and multiple regression analysis. Results: The correlation between CES-D scores and number of comorbidities was significant (r = 0.24). In multivariate analyses, depression remained a significant covariate of the number of comorbid conditions, in addition to female gender, inadequate income, history of drug and alcohol use, AIDS diagnosis and self-rated health. Correlations of depression with specific comorbidities varied. Significant correlations with sensory loss and dermatological problems were observed. Significant correlations existed with heart and respiratory conditions as well as fractures, but the directionality of these cross-sectional relationships is uncertain. Conclusions: The findings suggest the need for further longitudinal research to understand how high rates of depressive symptoms are related to comorbidities. Focussed clinical care that strives to prevent the collapse of the immune system must evolve into an effective treatment strategy for multimorbidities, where HIV is but one of many other chronic illnesses. If the management of depression continues to be a low priority, the older person with HIV may experience an avoidable reduction in life expectancy.

scholarly journals Psychometric Properties of the PHQ-9 and CESD-R Depression Measures with Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 882-882
Author(s):  
Emma Katz ◽  
Rachael Spalding ◽  
Barry Edelstein
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Assessment Instruments ◽  
Age Related

Abstract Our understanding of older adult depression has been impeded by the paucity of assessment instruments with validity evidence for older adults. Therefore, measures of depression that were initially developed for use with younger adults are commonly used with older adults as well, such as the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale-Revised (CESD-R; Eaton et al., 2004) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9; Kroenke, Spitzer, & Williams, 2001). The CESD-R (Jiang et al., 2019; Van Dam & Earleywine, 2011) and PHQ-9 (Indu et al., 2018; Levis, Benedetti, & Thombs, 2019) have strong psychometric support for their use with young adults, and are two frequently used depression measures. In light of age-related differences in the experience and presentation of depression (e.g., Balsamo, et al., 2015; Fiske, Wetherell, & Gatz, 2009; Hybels, Laderman, & Blazer, 2012; Wuthrich, Johnco & Wetherell, 2015), the present study examined the psychometric properties of these instruments with older adults. Two-hundred-and-seventy-seven older adults (ages 65 and older) completed an online survey including the PHQ-9, CESD-R, and instruments measuring several other constructs with anticipated relations to depression (anxiety, general depression, positive and negative affect, self-esteem, personality traits, and satisfaction with life). The relation between the two depression scales and measures of the other constructs were examined. Both the PHQ-9 and CESD-R evidenced good internal consistency reliability (a = .82 and .83, respectively) and strong correlations in anticipated directions with many of the related constructs. These results support the use of the CESD-R and PHQ-9 with community-dwelling older adults.

scholarly journals Socio-demographic characteristics and co-occurrence of depressive symptoms with chronic diseases among older adults in China: the China Longitudinal Ageing Social Survey

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenjie Wang ◽  
Hanmo Yang ◽  
Zhanyuan Guo ◽  
Bei Liu ◽  
Shen Geng
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Education Attainment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Survey

Abstract Background: The aim of the current study is to assess the cross-sectional association of chronic non-communicable diseases (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, arthritis, and cerebrovascular) with depressive symptoms among older adults in China. Methods: Data was obtained from the China Longitudinal Ageing Social Survey (CLASS) conducted in 2014. A total of 7505 participants were included. Depressive symptoms status was assessed by 9-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) Associations between depressive symptoms and chronic diseases, adjusting for so, demographics and chronic diseases risk factors were assessed by using logistic regression model. Results: We found negative associations between depressive symptoms and several socioeconomic factors, including education attainment and economic level. Widowed/divorced/ unmarried individuals are more likely to suffer from depressive symptoms. Hypertension (Odds ratio:1.29 [95%CI:1.16, 1.42]), diabetes (1.41 [95%CI:1.19,1.67]), arthritis (1.72 [1.52, 1.96]), and cerebrovascular disease (1.69 [1.41, 2.02]) were found to be associated with depressive symptoms. Conclusions: Most depressive symptoms cases were found to be significantly associated with chronic diseases. Our findings have provided evidence for understanding co-morbid depressive symptoms with chronic diseases, which could help clinicians to evaluate, diagnose and manage depression promptly.

scholarly journals Olfactory dysfunction predicts the development of depression in older US adults

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yazan Eliyan ◽  
Kristen E Wroblewski ◽  
Martha K McClintock ◽  
Jayant M Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Olfactory Dysfunction ◽  
Odor Identification ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models

Abstract Neuroanatomic connections link the olfactory and limbic systems potentially explaining an association between olfactory dysfunction and depression. Some previous studies have demonstrated that olfactory dysfunction is associated with increased depressive symptoms. However, these studies were cross-sectional and unable to establish which develops first. We used longitudinal data to determine if impaired odor identification increased subsequent depressive symptoms or vice versa. We assessed olfaction and depression in the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project, a nationally-representative, 15-year longitudinal study of older U.S. adults. Olfaction was measured using a validated odor identification test (Sniffin’ Sticks). Depressive symptoms were measured using a modified version of the validated Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. Multivariable logistic regression models examined the temporal relationships between developing olfactory dysfunction and depression while accounting for demographics, disease comorbidities, alcohol use, smoking, and cognition. Older adults with olfactory dysfunction had concurrent frequent depressive symptoms (OR = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.00 - 1.43). Among healthy adults at baseline, those who had olfactory dysfunction were more likely to develop frequent depressive symptoms 5 or 10 years later (OR = 2.22, 95% CI = 1.13 - 4.37). Conversely, those with frequent depressive symptoms at baseline were not more likely to develop olfactory dysfunction 5 or 10 years later. We show for the first time that olfactory dysfunction predicts subsequent development of depression in older U.S. adults. These data support screening for depression in older adults with chemosensory impairment and set the stage for disentangling the relationship between olfaction and depression.

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