Comparison of Alternative Estimation Methods in Confirmatory Factor Analyses of the General Health Questionnaire

2005 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei C. Wang ◽  
Everarda G. Cunningham
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Weighted Least Squares ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Weighted Least Squares Estimation ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Diagonally Weighted Least Squares

This paper examines the implications of violating assumptions concerning the continuity and distributional properties of data in establishing measurement models in social science research. The General Health Questionnaire-12 uses an ordinal response scale. Responses to the GHQ-12 from 201 Hong Kong immigrants on arrival in Australia showed that the data were not normally distributed. A series of confirmatory factor analyses using either a Pearson product-moment or a polychoric correlation input matrix and employing either maximum likelihood, weighted least squares or diagonally weighted least squares estimation methods were conducted on the data. The parameter estimates and goodness-of-fit statistics provided support for using polychoric correlations and diagonally weighted least squares estimation when analyzing ordinal, nonnormal data.

scholarly journals Validation and psychometric properties of the Indonesian version of the Fear of Missing Out Scale in adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dian Veronika Sakti Kaloeti ◽  
Ayu Kurnia S ◽  
Valentino Marcel Tahamata
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
General Health ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Fear Of Missing Out ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Fit Index

Abstract Background This study’s main purpose was to examine the psychometric properties of FoMOs’ adaptation among the Indonesian adolescents’ population. The second aim was to investigate the concurrent validity of the Indonesian version to provide evidence for the validity. Also, FoMOs’ difference level between demographic variance analyses was performed. Method The study involved a cross-sectional online survey design with 638 Indonesian adolescents aged 16–24 (M = 19.08, SD = 14.70). FoMO was measured by a 16-item that has been modified from the original 10-item. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were carried out to study its scores’ evidence of structural validity. Besides, to study its scores’ evidence of convergent, discriminant, and predictive validity concerning other variables such as stress, anxiety, and depression (Depression and Anxiety Stress Scale-21), and general health condition (General Health Questionnaire Scale-12), correlation analyses were conducted. To study the sensitivity, we assessed the effect of sociodemographic and social media use on the scale’s ability to identify the population’s risk to the FoMO by conducting analyses of variance. The Cronbach alpha values (α = .93) indicated that internal consistency of the scale was at an adequate level. Results Exploratory factorial analyses revealed adequate adjustment for the new version of the scale showing the three factorial structures. Confirmatory factor analyses showed that the 12-item of Indonesian FoMO had a good fit (χ2/df = 289.324/51; goodness-of-fit index (GFI) = 0.928; RMSEA = 0.086; comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.915; normed fit index (NFI) = 0.899; parsimony normed fit index (PNFI) = .695; Tucker–Lewis index (TLI) = 0.890). Conclusion This study has shown that the modified 12-item Fear of Missing Out Scale is a valid and reliable instrument for Indonesian adolescents. It showed that the Indonesian version of Fear of Missing Out Scale has adequate psychometric properties to measure Indonesian adolescents’ online behavior.

scholarly journals Validation of the structural coherency of the General Health Questionnaire

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hudson Wander de Carvalho ◽  
Christopher J. Patrick ◽  
Miguel Roberto Jorge ◽  
Sérgio Baxter Andreoli
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
General Health ◽  
Common Factor ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Developmental Study ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

OBJECTIVE: Investigate the structural coherency of the 60-item version of the General Health Questionnaire via exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. METHOD: The study design is a cross-sectional survey. A random sample of 146 individuals from the city of Divinópolis-MG volunteered to participate in the present study and responded to the 60-item version of the General Health Questionnaire adapted and validated for use in Brazil. Statistics consisted of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Reliability was estimated using Cronbach's alpha method. RESULTS: Alpha coefficients for all five content scales of the General Health Questionnaire were high (α > 0.8). For four of the five scales, a unifactorial model of constituent items provided a good fit to the data. Items comprising the fifth scale, Psychic Stress, exhibited a two-correlated factor structure. A factor analysis of scores for the five scales yielded strong evidence of coherency, with all scales loading substantially on a single common factor. CONCLUSION: The General Health Questionnaire shows good psychometric coherency as evidenced by high internal consistency and unidimensionality of all but one of its constituent scales, and uniformly high loadings of all scales on a single overarching factor. These results are consistent with prior findings from the General Health Questionnaire developmental study and Brazilian adaptation studies.

Factor Structure and Validation of the Controlling Behaviors Scale–Revised and Revised Conflict Tactics Scale

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 1880-1903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Sleath ◽  
Kate Walker ◽  
Carlo Tramontano
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Weighted Least Squares ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Conflict Tactics Scale ◽  
Weighted Least Squares Estimation ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Conflict Tactics ◽  
Controlling Behaviors

Recently, more attention is being paid to controlling behaviors within a continuum of intimate partner violence and abuse. However, it is unclear whether current scales are sufficiently valid to measure such behaviors. The current study assessed the factor structure and reliability of the revised Controlling Behaviors Scale (CBS-R) and the revised Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS2). Data were gathered from a U.K. general population sample ( N = 405). Confirmatory factor analyses were carried out on the CTS2 and the CBS-R, for both perpetration and victimization items, using the weighted least squares estimation with mean adjustment method. Multiple factor models were confirmed in the analysis of the CBS-R and CTS2 for perpetration and victimization items. Reliabilities for the factors were satisfactory across both scales. This is the first validation of the factor structure of the CBS-R and the findings suggests that this a valid and reliable scale for measuring controlling behaviors.

Multidimensional Properties of the Access to Categories of Experience Scale1

2003 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter A. Creed ◽  
M. Anthony Machin
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Original Sample ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analyses ◽  
Deprivation Model ◽  
Made In

Summary: This paper tests the factor structure and construct validity of the Access to Categories of Experience scale (ACE; Evans, 1986 ), which has been widely used to measure the five latent benefits of employment proposed by Jahoda (1981) . The ACE and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ; Goldberg, 1972 ) were administered to 425 unemployed individuals. This original sample was randomly split into two subsamples. Exploratory factor analyses conducted on the first subsample demonstrated four rather than the five separate factors for the ACE scale, which has been asserted by its development and its previous use. The scale was dominated by one major factor of Activity. Confirmatory factor analysis conducted on the second subsample demonstrated a better fit for the four factors rather than the five. Construct validity was established for the ACE scale. When the identified ACE factors were correlated with the GHQ, higher levels of access to the latent benefits was associated with lower levels of psychological distress, although this result was not identified for all factors. The implications of this finding for the latent deprivation model ( Jahoda, 1981 ) are discussed, and recommendations are made in relation to the use of the ACE scale in this area of research.

scholarly journals Categorical Omega With Small Sample Sizes via Bayesian Estimation: An Alternative to Frequentist Estimators

2018 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanyun Yang ◽  
Yan Xia
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Bayesian Estimation ◽  
Weighted Least Squares ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Factor Analysis Model ◽  
Diagonally Weighted Least Squares

When item scores are ordered categorical, categorical omega can be computed based on the parameter estimates from a factor analysis model using frequentist estimators such as diagonally weighted least squares. When the sample size is relatively small and thresholds are different across items, using diagonally weighted least squares can yield a substantially biased estimate of categorical omega. In this study, we applied Bayesian estimation methods for computing categorical omega. The simulation study investigated the performance of categorical omega under a variety of conditions through manipulating the scale length, number of response categories, distributions of the categorical variable, heterogeneities of thresholds across items, and prior distributions for model parameters. The Bayes estimator appears to be a promising method for estimating categorical omega. M plus and SAS codes for computing categorical omega were provided.

Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS)

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Iliceto ◽  
Emanuele Fino
Keyword(s):  
Second Order ◽  
Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Beck Hopelessness Scale ◽  
Order Factor ◽  
Model Invariance ◽  
Three Factor

The Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) is an instrument for assessing cognitive thoughts among suicidal persons. Previous studies have identified different factor structures of the BHS. However, results were not conclusive. The aim of this study was to test the factor structure of the BHS in a sample of Italian individuals (N = 509) from the community, and secondarily to investigate correlations between the BHS, depression (Beck Depression Inventory Second Edition), and personality traits (Zuckerman-Kuhlman-Aluja Personality Questionnaire). Following recommendations of previous investigations, we utilized a 5-point response format. We applied a second-order Confirmatory Factor Analyses and tested for the model invariance. The results suggest that besides a single second-order factor, a second-order three-factor solution is also reasonable, in line with Beck’s theorization.

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