scholarly journals Household Environmental Tobacco Smoke and Risk of Allergic Sensitization Among Children with Asthma

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
Brîndușa Căpîlna ◽  
Maria Despina Baghiu
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Allergic Sensitization ◽  
Specific Ige ◽  
Tobacco Smoke Exposure ◽  
Food Allergens ◽  
Adjuvant Effect ◽  
Recurrent Wheezing

Abstract Background: Exposure to cigarette smoke is causing health problems, its components are known to possess carcinogenic, mutagenic, cytotoxic or irritant properties. Prevalence of smoking in pregnant women is between 17% and 35% worldwide. Passive smoking is identified as a factor with negative impact on health, and children are especially vulnerable. Children raised in families with smokers have a higher incidence of respiratory infections, recurrent wheezing, bronchitis, nocturnal cough and asthma. The aim of this study was determination of sensitization to various allergens in children exposed to cigarette smoke compared with children not exposed to cigarette smoke. Material and method: One-hundred eighty children treated in Pediatric Clinic 1 of Tîrgu Mureș were included in the study between 2008- 2011. The patients were divided into two groups: 50 children exposed to cigarette smoke and 130 children not exposed. Measurement of lung function was performed in children over 4 years using a spirometer. Serum specific IgE was analyzed to inhalatory and food allergens. Wheezing phenotype was determined in children younger than 4 years and exposure to cigarette smoke was evaluated based on parents' responses to questionnaires. Results: There was a significantly greater likelihood of developing sensitivity in children exposed to tobacco smoke than in those not exposed to dermatophagoides pteronissimus, dermatophagoides farinae, milk and grass pollen. Conclusions: During early childhood both pre- and postnatal tobacco smoke exposure has an adjuvant effect on allergic sensitization inhalatory and food allergens.

The association between preand postnatal tobacco smoke exposure and allergic sensitization during early childhood

1999 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 241-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Kulig ◽  
Werner Luck ◽  
Ulrich Wahn ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Allergic Sensitization ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Smoke Exposure ◽  
Tobacco Smoke Exposure ◽  
Food Allergens ◽  
Indoor Allergens ◽  
Adjuvant Effect

Aim of our study was to investigate the effect of preand postnatal passive tobacco smoke exposure on the incidence of allergic sensitization. Patients and methods Specific sensitization to food, outdoor and indoor allergens was determined in 342 children at the age of 1, 2 and 3 years. Parents were asked about their smoking habit at the birth of their children, at 18 months and 3 years of age. Results Multivariate regression analysis indicated, that during the first 3 years of life, preand postnatally exposed children had a significantly higher risk for sensitization to food allergens compared to children never exposed to tobacco smoke exposure on specific sensitization could bedemonstrated. Conclusion During early childhood both preand postnatal tobacco smoke exposure has an adjuvant effect on allergic sensitization to food allergens.

Comparison of Oxidative Effects of Electronic Cigarette and Tobacco Smoke Exposure Performed Experimentally

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Oktay Aslaner
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Smoke Exposure ◽  
Electronic Cigarette ◽  
Tobacco Smoke Exposure ◽  
Cigarette Smoke Exposure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Exposure Group ◽  
Oxidative Effects

<b><i>Objective:</i></b> Cigarette smoking is a life-threatening habit that has rapidly spread in every socioeconomic part of the public worldwide. There exist mechanisms of nicotine delivery available to use in the hope of halting cigarette smoking, and the electronic cigarette (EC) is one of the common methods used for tobacco smoking replacement. This study aimed to investigate experimentally the oxidative effects of tobacco smoke and EC smoke which contain nicotine. <b><i>Method:</i></b> We constructed smoke circuit rooms for exposing the rats to EC or tobacco smoke. Three groups were created, the control group (<i>N</i> = 8); the electronic cigarette group (<i>N</i> = 8), exposure to electronic cigarette smoke for 2 h per day; and the tobacco group (<i>N</i> = 8), exposure to traditional cigarette smoke for 2 h per day. After the first and second week of exposure, blood samples were obtained, and serum oxidative stress index (OSI), paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity, and prolidase levels were evaluated. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Higher values of OSI and prolidase levels were detected in the first week of EC or tobacco smoke exposure in both study groups (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001) when compared with the control group, and partial decrements were observed in the second week. By contrast, elevated PON1 levels were observed in the second week after EC or tobacco smoke exposure. The highest OSI levels were observed in the tobacco smoke group (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001). The lowest values of PON1 levels were detected in the first week of the electronic cigarette smoke group, and this decremental value was statistically different than normal, the second week of the electronic cigarette smoke group, the first week of the traditional cigarette smoke exposure group, and the second week of the traditional cigarette smoke exposure group values (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.000). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Our results indicate that EC smoke induced oxidative stress. Therefore, ECs are potentially risky for human health and can lead to important health problems.

scholarly journals Allergic sensitization, rhinitis, and tobacco smoke exposure in U.S. children and adolescents

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 471-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josef Shargorodsky ◽  
Esther Garcia-Esquinas ◽  
Ana Navas-Acien ◽  
Sandra Y. Lin
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Allergic Sensitization ◽  
Smoke Exposure ◽  
Tobacco Smoke Exposure

Cigarette Smoke Exposure and Acute Respiratory Infection in Children Under Five: A Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya Ayu Riestiyowati ◽  
◽  
Setyo Sri Rahardjo ◽  
Vitri Widyaningsih ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Smoke Exposure ◽  
Tobacco Smoke Exposure ◽  
Cigarette Smoke Exposure ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five

Background: Acute Respiratory Infections are classified into the upper and lower respiratory tract infections, contributing to the leading cause of death among children under five globally. The estimation showed the deaths of more than 800,000 children under five every year or about 2,200 per day. One of the risk factors for ARI in children under five years of age is secondary exposure to tobacco smoke. This study aimed to examine the effect of cigarette smoke exposure and acute respiratory infection in children under five. Subjects and Method: This was meta analysis and systematic review. The study was conducted by collecting published articles from Google Scholar, Pubmed, and Springer Link databases, from year 2010 to 2019. Keywords used “risk factor” OR “passive smoking” OR “secondhand smoking” AND “ARI due to children under five”. The inclusion criteria were full text, using English language, using cross-sectional study design, and reporting adjusted odds ratio. The collected articles were selected by PRISMA flow chart. The quantitative data were analyzed by fixed effect model using Revman 5.3. Results: 6 studies from Cameroon, Ethiopia, India, Nepal, and Nigeria reported that tobacco smoke exposure increased the risk of acute respiratory infection in children under five (aOR=1.39; 95% CI= 1.22 to 1.58; p<0.001). Conclusion: Tobacco smoke exposure increases the risk of acute respiratory infection in children under five. Keywords: tobacco smoke, acute respiratory infection, children under five Correspondence: Maya Ayu Riestiyowati. Masters Program in Public Health. Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: 081235840067.

scholarly journals Glutathione-S-transferase P protects against endothelial dysfunction induced by exposure to tobacco smoke

2009 ◽  
Vol 296 (5) ◽  
pp. H1586-H1597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Conklin ◽  
Petra Haberzettl ◽  
Russell A. Prough ◽  
Aruni Bhatnagar
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Cardiovascular Effects ◽  
Tobacco Smoke Exposure ◽  
Mouse Lung ◽  
Organ Bath ◽  
Systemic Delivery ◽  
Total Plasma Protein ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

Exposure to tobacco smoke impairs endothelium-dependent arterial dilation. Reactive constituents of cigarette smoke are metabolized and detoxified by glutathione- S-transferases (GSTs). Although polymorphisms in GST genes are associated with the risk of cancer in smokers, the role of these enzymes in regulating the cardiovascular effects of smoking has not been studied. The P isoform of GST (GSTP), which catalyzes the conjugation of electrophilic molecules in cigarette smoke such as acrolein, was expressed in high abundance in the mouse lung and aorta. Exposure to tobacco smoke for 3 days (5 h/day) decreased total plasma protein. These changes were exaggerated in GSTP−/− mice. Aortic rings isolated from tobacco smoke-exposed GSTP−/− mice showed greater attenuation of ACh-evoked relaxation than those from GSTP+/+ mice. The lung, plasma, and aorta of mice exposed to tobacco smoke or acrolein (for 5 h) accumulated more acrolein-adducted proteins than those tissues of mice exposed to air, indicating that exposure to tobacco smoke results in the systemic delivery of acrolein. Relative to GSTP+/+ mice, modification of some proteins by acrolein was increased in the aorta of GSTP−/− mice. Aortic rings prepared from GSTP−/− mice that inhaled acrolein (1 ppm, 5 h/day for 3 days) or those exposed to acrolein in an organ bath showed diminished ACh-induced arterial relaxation more strongly than GSTP+/+ mice. Acrolein-induced endothelial dysfunction was prevented by pretreatment of the aorta with N-acetylcysteine. These results indicate that GSTP protects against the endothelial dysfunction induced by tobacco smoke exposure and that this protection may be related to the detoxification of acrolein or other related cigarette smoke constituents.

scholarly journals Tobacco smoke exposure and allergic sensitization in children: A propensity score analysis

Respirology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 1068-1072 ◽  
Author(s):  
SUZANNE L. HAVSTAD ◽  
CHRISTINE COLE JOHNSON ◽  
EDWARD M. ZORATTI ◽  
JEREL M. EZELL ◽  
KIMBERLY WOODCROFT ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Propensity Score ◽  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Propensity Score Analysis ◽  
Allergic Sensitization ◽  
Smoke Exposure ◽  
Tobacco Smoke Exposure ◽  
Score Analysis

scholarly journals Gender Differences in the Allergic Response of Mice Neonatally Exposed to Environmental Tobacco Smoke

2002 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian W. P. Seymour ◽  
Kathleen E. Friebertshauser ◽  
Janice L. Peake ◽  
Kent E. Pinkerton ◽  
Robert L. Coffman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Environmental Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Allergic Sensitization ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Specific Ige ◽  
Allergic Response ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Ige Response

Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) has been shown to increase allergic sensitization and reactivity and there has been some suggestion that the influence of ETS on the allergic response is dissimilar in males and females. It is to be determined whether gender differences exist in the IgE response to ovalbumin (OVA) sensitization following ETS exposure from the neonatal period through adulthood. To address this thesis, we examined gender differences in OVA sensitization of BALB/c mice housed from birth through adulthood under smoking and nonsmoking conditions. At 6 weeks of age (day 0) all mice were injected i.p. with OVA in aluminum hydroxide adjuvant followed by three 20 min exposures to 1% aerosolized OVA between day 14 and 80. There were significantly (p<0.05) more total and OVA specific IgE and IgG1 in the serum of females compared to males. Moreover, these sex responses, along with eosinophilia, were further enhanced in mice exposed to ETS. There were also significantly more IgE positive cells in the lungs of female, but not male, mice exposed to ETS compared with ambient air (p<0.05). There was also an elevation of Th2 cytokines (IL4, IL5, IL10, and IL13) after re-stimulation of lung homogenates following ETS exposure. These data demonstrate that female animals are significantly more susceptible than males to the influence of ETS on the allergic response.

scholarly journals Allergic Sensitization, Rhinitis and Tobacco Smoke Exposure in US Adults

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. e0131957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josef Shargorodsky ◽  
Esther Garcia-Esquinas ◽  
Iñaki Galán ◽  
Ana Navas-Acien ◽  
Sandra Y. Lin
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Allergic Sensitization ◽  
Smoke Exposure ◽  
Tobacco Smoke Exposure
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