“Long Live Greater Romania!”: The Great Union Day - Gender Perspectives

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-49
Author(s):  
Georgeta Fodor
Keyword(s):  
Historical Records ◽  
Gender Perspective ◽  
Gender Perspectives

Abstract The present paper explored the Great Union Day which marked the union of Transylvania with Romania from a gender perspective. The Great Union Day is well approached in Romanian historiography yet less is known about women’s presence and reactions to this historical day. We have indeed the figures but they do not reveal the whole range of emotions, reactions of women thus the study focused on these aspects through the analysis of such historical records as memoires, journals, public speeches and official documents.

Should We Program Robotic Emotions from the Gender Perspective?

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Mercedes García-Ordaz ◽  
Rocío Carrasco-Carrasco ◽  
Francisco José Martínez-López
Keyword(s):  
Gender Identity ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Feminist Research ◽  
Human Reasoning ◽  
Gender Perspective ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Emotional Aspects ◽  
Complex Decision ◽  
Gender Perspectives

Scientific research on robotic emotions has been increasingly developing for the last few years. It is presumed that in twenty five years’ time there will be robots with emotions capable of taking decisions. Therefore, it is important to determine if people should take into account gender when designing the development of this kind of robotic emotions. Moreover, the authors assume that nowadays there is no intelligence without emotions, which are the ones that ultimately help taking decisions. It is contended here that the emotional elements and features of human reasoning should be taken into account when designing the personality of robots. As has been shown in the last few years, the concept of gender is constructed by socio-cultural factors. Gender perspectives are increasingly being applied to different fields of knowledge. Indeed, and as recent feminist research has highlighted, technology is affected by gender relations. Technology in general has been traditionally considered as a sign of men’s power and masculinity defined in terms of technological capabilities. Nevertheless, current discourses have provided new definitions of technology, of gender identity and of what being human means. In the same way, definitions of gender also change with time, affected by technological developments. The present work aims at demonstrating that the gender perspective is indeed very useful when applied to the field of robotics. Specifically, and when dealing with complex decision-taking, it becomes necessary to analyse which managing activities women can better develop in order to apply them, together with other features, to the design of robotic emotions. The purpose is, then, to propose a robotic model that, after the inclusion of such emotional aspects, breaks with old constrained gender stereotypes and takes a rather liberating view. At the same time, such a proposal should enable researchers to get better results when creating robots capable of managing other robotic teams and taking complex decisions. In short, the authors seek to apply the gender perspective in the analysis of some emotional features to be taken into account before they are applied to the field of robotics.

scholarly journals Karl Barth’s male-female order: A kingpin of dogmatic disparity

2007 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yolanda Dreyer
Keyword(s):  
Gender Disparity ◽  
Image Of God ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Reformed Theology ◽  
Gender Perspective ◽  
Early Christian ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
Genesis 1 ◽  
Gender Perspectives ◽  
The Image Of God

Karl Barth’s gender perspective is often analysed with reference to his so-called “theoethics” or “creational theology”. This perspective perpetuates an asymmetry in gender relations that was prevalent in Biblical times, throughout Christianity and to some extent still is visible today. He based his view on the subordination of women on an exegesis of Genesis 1:27 as “intertext” of Ephesians 5:22-23. Barth’s asymmetrical gender perspective is a product of his embedment in Western Christian tradition which in turn, is rooted in early Christian patriarchal theology. The aim of this article is to focus on Barth’s ontological reframing of the traditional understanding of the Biblical notion of human beings as created in the “image of God”. The article consists of four sections: (a) Luther’s and Calvin’s gender perspectives; (b) the Enlightenment failure to achieve emancipation; (c) gender disparity in Reformed theology; and (d) a feminist alternative.

The dialogue of difference: gender perspectives on international humanitarian law

2010 ◽  
Vol 92 (877) ◽  
pp. 31-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Durham ◽  
Katie O'Byrne
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Potential Usefulness ◽  
International Humanitarian Law ◽  
Humanitarian Law ◽  
Gender Perspective ◽  
Gender Perspectives ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Do So

AbstractThis article examines the meaning and potential usefulness of a ‘gender perspective’ on international humanitarian law (IHL). In order to do so, it considers a number of ‘gendered’ themes found within IHL, including the role of women as combatants, and the gendered use of sexual violence during times of armed conflict. The authors suggest that further development and understanding of a gender perspective will contribute to the resilience and effectiveness of IHL as a system of law, and will strengthen the protection of those who are victimized and disempowered during times of war.

Personality and Emotions in Robotics from the Gender Perspective

2009 ◽  
pp. 154-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mercedes García-Ordaz ◽  
Rocío Carrasco-Carrasco ◽  
Francisco José Martínez-López
Keyword(s):  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Human Reasoning ◽  
Gender Perspective ◽  
Emotional Aspects ◽  
Complex Decision ◽  
Gender Perspectives ◽  
Decision Taking ◽  
Robotic Teams

It is contended here that the emotional elements and features of human reasoning should be taken into account when designing the personality of robots. As it has been shown in the last few years, the concept of gender is constructed by socio-cultural factors. Gender perspectives are increasingly being applied to different fields of knowledge. The present work aims at demonstrating that the gender perspective is indeed very useful when applied to the field of robotics. Specifically, and when dealing with complex decision-taking, it becomes necessary to analyse which managing activities women can better develop in order to apply them, together with other features, to the design of robotic emotions. The purpose is, then, to propose a robotic model that, after the inclusion of such emotional aspects, breaks with old constrained gender stereotypes and takes a rather liberating view. At the same time, such a proposal should enable us to get better results when creating robots capable of managing other robotic teams and taking complex decisions. In short, we seek to apply the gender perspective in the analysis of some emotional features to be taken into account before they are applied to the field of robotics.

The Responsibility to Protect: Integrating Gender Perspectives into Policies and Practices

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eli Stamnes
Keyword(s):  
Responsibility To Protect ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Gender Perspective ◽  
Women’S Experiences ◽  
Women's Experiences ◽  
Femininity And Masculinity ◽  
Gender Perspectives ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Policies And Practices

Despite the fact that the development of the R2P principle has occurred in parallel to significant developments in the field of gender on the international scene, gender remains a neglected topic in the central documents and debates related to the Responsibility to Protect (R2P). There is therefore a need to consider how gender may be integrated into R2P policies and practices. This article suggests that this discussion may be structured around two gender perspectives, which are guided by the questions of ‘where are the women?’ and ‘how does gender work?’ respectively. The first gender perspective involves identifying women’s experiences in connection with mass atrocities and taking into account their role as agents in the commissioning, as well as the prevention of, and protection against, such atrocities. The second gender perspective involves investigating what work gender is doing in the context of mass atrocities. Here, the focus is specifically on sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) and how this is based on, and serves to maintain or reinforce, certain notions of femininity and masculinity. Based on these two gender perspectives, the article presents a series of recommendations for the development of R2P policies and practices.

scholarly journals PERKEMBANGAN NOVEL ISLAM PRESPEKTIF GENDER

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iis Suwartini ◽  
Ariesty Fujiastuti
Keyword(s):  
The Novel ◽  
Gender Perspective ◽  
Women In Education ◽  
Gender Perspectives ◽  
Main Ideas

The development of Islamic novel is increasingly diverse. Gender is one of the topics that writers often pick up. The closeness of the theme with the reader is one of the reasons for the development of gender perspective Islamic novel. This study aims to describe the development of Islamic gender perspective novel using literature studies. Data obtained from reviewing documents in the form of books and literature. The results of the study show that a gender perspective is used by many authors in bringing up Islamic novel. Gender perspectives are reflected in the main ideas of feminism in the novel, including: the interpretation of society against the subordination of women; the position of women in marriage; the position of women in education and careers.

scholarly journals Incorporating Gender Perspective in Peace Operations since 2018

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Avis
Keyword(s):  
Grey Literature ◽  
Peace Operations ◽  
Peace Agreement ◽  
Gender Perspective ◽  
Representation Of Women ◽  
Peace Processes ◽  
Peace And Security ◽  
Emerging Issues ◽  
Gender Perspectives ◽  
High Level

This rapid literature review collates evidence from academic, policy focussed and grey literature on progress on incorporating gender perspectives in peace operations since 2018, including the deployment of female peacekeepers, and the emerging issues in this field. Key messages that emerge from this review include: The focus on women’s participation in peace processes has led to several initiatives and efforts to promote increased representation, the multidimensional nature of the UN’s women, peace, and security (WPS) agenda is illustrative of the complexity of contemporary peace operations. The new and emergent issues in National Action Plans (NAP) on Women, Peace and Security. Critiques of Resolution 1325 suggest that while the resolution provides some examples of what a gender perspective means in the context of a peace agreement, it does not define what it means to apply a gender perspective to peace processes. Gender perspectives are largely absent from peace negotiations. Despite the evolution of this agenda, most contemporary peace processes are still top-down, elite-driven exercises that contribute to marginalisation and exclusion. Whilst there is high-level commitment towards the strategy and what it aims to achieve, institutional barriers, assumptions, and politics undermine its implementation. Key challenges identified in the literature, related to incorporating Gender Perspectives in Peace Operations include. Buy-in from leadership, Mandate and context, Gender and expertise, Terminology, Under-representation of women in peacekeeping. Meaningful participation, Gap between norms and provisions, and Practical/logistical/training issues in implementing the WPS agenda.

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