scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Different Final Irrigation Protocols for Removal of Calcium Hydroxide Intracanal Medication from Root Canal

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 161-165
Author(s):  
Scarlatescu Sanziana ◽  
Gheorghiu Irina-Maria ◽  
Mitran Loredana ◽  
Mitran Mihai ◽  
Perlea Paula
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Canal Wall ◽  
Root Canal Filling ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Irrigation Solution ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Calcium hydroxide is the most used intracanalar medicament between apointments. It shoud be properly removed before root canal filling because its remnants could compromise the sealing of root obturation. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of two type of irrigation solutions, EDTA and SmearClear in the removal of calcium hydroxide from root canals. Materials and method: twenty human single rooted teeth were prepared using ProTaper Universal instrumentation till F2, .06 taper. The canals were filled with Ca(OH)2 and after 7 days the Ca(OH)2 was removed using 3 rinses of 5 ml 15% EDTA and 5 ml 5.25% NaOCl alternately (group 1; n=10) or 3 rinses of 5 ml Smear Clear (SybronEndo) and 5 ml 5.25% NaOCl alternately (group 2; n=10). Results: On the final radiographs the best result was found in group 2 where the cleanliness of the total surface of the root canal wall when SmearClear was used obtained better results comparative to NaOCl – 15% EDTA (91.34% to 71.69%). Conclusions: under the limitation of this study, SmearClear was superior in removing Ca(OH)2 material compared to NaOCl and 15% EDTA irrigation solution.

scholarly journals Evaluation of apical transportation and apical root sealing in root canals prepared with mtwo rotary system with and without apical enlargement – an in vitro study

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. e37004
Author(s):  
Matheus Albino Souza ◽  
João Paulo De Carli ◽  
Fernando Tolfo Rodrigues ◽  
Larissa Piuco ◽  
Karolina Frick Bischoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Scanning Electronic Microscopy ◽  
Root Canal Preparation ◽  
Electronic Microscopy ◽  
Image Subtraction ◽  
Root Canal Filling ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Apical Transportation ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The aim of this study was to evaluate apical transportation and apical root canal sealing after root canal filling in human teeth prepared with MTwo® Rotary System with and without apical foramen enlargement. Twenty mandibular premolars were divided into two groups (n=10). Group 1 had root canals prepared 1mm beyond the apical foramen. Group 2 had root canals prepared 1mm below the root canal length. After chemo-mechanical preparation, samples were submitted to scanning electronic microscopy. Apical foramen images had 75x magnification at standardized positions, allowing measurements from the apical foramen area before and after root canal preparation, and after root canal filling. Apical foramen shape and apical transportation, as well as its level of circumferential filling after root canal preparation were accessed using the Image Subtraction System. Scanning electronic microscopy analysis demonstrated that samples of Group 1 showed larger foraminal diameter than samples of Group 2 (p<0.05). Apical foramen transportation was statistically different between Groups 1 and 2 (p=0.0108). Furthermore, the apical foramen sealing also differed statistically between groups 1 and 2 (p=0.0007) and 100% of samples of Group 1 showed apical root canal sealing. Apical root canal sealing was more effective when the root canal was prepared with apical foramen enlargement, even when the apical transportation was detected.

scholarly journals Comparison of different irrigation and agitation methods for the removal of two types of calcium hydroxide medicaments from the root canal wall: An in-vitro study

2017 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepak Singh Kirar ◽  
Pradeep Jain ◽  
Pallav Patni
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Positive Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽  
Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background and aim: Comparison of different irrigation and agitation methods for the removal of two types of calcium hydroxide medicaments from the root canal walls.Methods: Fifty extracted single rooted teeth were selected for this study. After decoronation, the root canals of these teeth were prepared to the size F3 (30 no.) using rotary ProTaper file system. These samples were randomly divided into four groups. Group 1 (n=20) were filled completely with water based calcium hydroxide (CH), Group 2 (n=20) were filled with oil based CH using lentulo spiral, Group 3 (n=5) - the positive control group received the CH as intracanal medication, but no subsequent removal, Group 4 (n=5) - the negative control did not receive CH placement. Further on, Group 1 and Group 2 were divided into four sub-groups (n=5). In sub-group A we performed conventional syringe irrigation with side-vented needle sub-group B) manual dynamic agitation, sub-group C sonic agitation using endoactivator, sub-group D passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI). Roots were split longitudinally into mesial and distal halves. Digital images of the root canal walls were acquired by a Dental Operating Microscope (DOM) and assessed by using a scoring criteria at different thirds (coronal, middle and apical) of the root canal as follows: score 1, score 2, score 3, and score 4. Data were analyzed applying one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s multiple comparison tests at a 95% confidence interval (P < 0.05).Results: Statistically significant differences were not found between the experimental groups and the negative group in any one third of the root canal (P>0.05). However, a difference did exist between the experimental groups and the positive control group (P<0.05). None of the experimental groups totally removed CH substances from root canal walls.Conclusion: Among all experimental groups, removal of CH was best achieved by sonic agitation using endoactivator followed by passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), manual dynamic agitation and conventional syringe irrigation with side-vented needle.

scholarly journals Influence of calcium hydroxide points on the quality of intracanal dressing filling

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole de Mello Rahde ◽  
José Antonio Poli Figueiredo ◽  
Elias Pandonor Motcy Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Root Canal Filling ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Gutta Percha ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Post Hoc

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate, in vitro, the quality of calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2] paste filling (Ultracal, Ultradent) associated or not with Ca(OH)2-containing gutta-percha points (Calcium Hydroxide Plus PointsTM, Roeko) in curved root canals. MATERIAL AND METHODS: One hundred and twenty roots of extracted human teeth, randomly divided into three curvature ranges (mild - 0 to 14º; moderate - 15º to 29º; severe - >30º) were used. After chemomechanical preparation, the roots were assigned to 4 groups (n=30), according to the technique of intracanal dressing placement: group 1 - Ca(OH)2 paste was applied with a lentulo spiral; group 2 - Ca(OH)2 paste was applied with a lentulo spiral and a Ca(OH)2 point was inserted into the canal; group 3 - Ca(OH)2 paste was applied with a NavitipTM tip (supplied with Ultracal system); group 4 - Ca(OH)2 paste was applied with a NavitipTM tip and a Ca(OH)2 point was inserted into the canal. The roots were cleared and the quality of apical third filling was assessed by a calibrated experienced examiner. The specimens were examined under stereomicroscopy and scored 1 to 4 (i.e., from inadequate to complete root canal filling). The results were analyzed statistically by ANOVA and Duncan's post hoc test at 5% significance level. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences (p>0.05) among the curvature degrees in groups 1, 3 and 4. Severely curved roots in group 2 presented bordering significance (p=0.05). The groups that associated the use of Ca(OH)2 paste and points (2 and 4) showed better apical filling than the other groups, but this difference was statistically significant (p<0.001) only for roots with severe curvature. CONCLUSION: According to the results of this study, the curvature degree did not influence the quality of filling. The techniques that used Ca(OH)2-containing gutta-percha points yielded better filling of the apical third in roots with severe curvature.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of NaOCl alone or in combination with EDTA on the diffusion of hydroxyl ions released by calcium hydroxide paste

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mara Cristina Santos Felippe ◽  
Wilson Tadeu Felippe ◽  
Catherine Schmitz Espezim ◽  
Sérgio Fernando Torres de Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Mechanical Preparation ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Water Canals ◽  
Group 1

AIM: To evaluate the effect of different irrigant solutions employed during removal and replacement of calcium hydroxide paste on the diffusion of hydroxyl ions through root canal dentine in vitro. METHODOLOGY: Thirty-five maxillary and mandibular human canines with straight and fully developed roots were used. After mechanical preparation up to 1mm short of tooth length, 30 canals were filled with calcium hydroxide paste and 5 canals were left empty; all teeth had their coronal accesses properly sealed. Teeth were placed in plastic containers with distilled water, and pH was read after 30 days when the paste from 20 teeth was renewed. After removal of the paste by endodontic instrumentation and irrigation with distilled water, canals were replenished with newly mixed paste in Group 1 and 2. In these groups, final irrigation was conducted with 5 mL of EDTA followed by 5 mL of NaOCl in specimens in Group 1, and 5 mL of NaOCl only in specimens in Group 2. In 10 teeth the paste was not replenished at 30 days (Group 3). All specimens were returned to the containers with fresh distilled water, and the pH was recorded after another 30 days. The differences between the first (30d) and second (60d) pH readings were calculated and submitted to analysis of variance and individual comparisons using the Scheffeé's test. RESULTS: Results of mean analysis on differences of pH readings showed that greater diffusion had occurred on specimens in Group 3. Individual comparisons using Scheffeé's test showed statistical significance between Groups 2 and 3, and equivalence between all other groups. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that the use of EDTA did not enhance diffusion of hydroxyl ions through root canal dentine.

scholarly journals A comparative study of protaper and twisted file nickel titanium instruments in curved canals preparation

2013 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 175-182
Author(s):  
Lima De ◽  
Giselle Nevares ◽  
Felipe Xavier ◽  
Ferraz Gominho ◽  
Albuquerque de
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Nickel Titanium ◽  
Torque Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Root Canal Instrumentation ◽  
Group 1

Introduction. Root canal instrumentation is performed to achieve cleaning and shaping with maximum preservation of its original anatomy. However, in curved canals this approach may cause excessive damage or canal transportation. The present study aimed to evaluate changes in dentin wall caused by instrumentation of curved canals using two nickel titanium rotary systems, ProTaper and Twisted File. Material and Methods. Twenty five extracted human mandibular first molars with two separated mesial root canals were selected. Distal roots were amputated and 50 canals (25 mesiobuccal and 25 mesiolingual) were randomly assigned into two groups: group 1 - ProTaper, and group 2 - Twisted File. All files were used with torque control engine, following the manufacturer instructions. The final instruments were F3 (group 1) and #30/.06 (group 2). Pre and postoperative cross sections were obtained from coronal, middle, and apical portions. Changes in dentin wall were measured and evaluated using Bramante method and digital image software. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann Whitney U test (p<0.05). Results. The ammount of dentin removed by ProTaper in cervical and middle canal thirds was significantly greater than with Twisted File (p=0.040 and p=0.043). ProTaper eliminated significantly greater ammount of dentin than Twisted File from mesial wall in coronal sections (p=0.039). Mean differences in distance from the center to other walls were not statistically significant in the middle and apical thirds of both groups (p>0.05). Conclusion. ProTaper system produced greater changes in cross sectional area of the root canal compared to Twisted File system.

scholarly journals Influence of apical patency and filling material on healing process of dogs' teeth with vital pulp after root canal therapy

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Holland ◽  
Arnaldo Sant'anna Júnior ◽  
Valdir de Souza ◽  
Eloi Dezan Junior ◽  
José Arlindo Otoboni Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Filling Material ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Root Canal Filling ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Antibiotic Solution ◽  
Periapical Healing

The purpose of this study was to investigate the periapical healing process of dogs' teeth with or without apical patency and after root canal filling with two types of sealers. Forty roots of premolars and incisors were utilized. The root canals were overinstrumented and dressed with a corticosteroid-antibiotic solution for 7 days to obtain ingrowth of periapical connective tissue into the canals. After this period, the tissue was removed in half of the specimens (groups with patency) and preserved in the other half (groups without patency). Canals were filled by lateral condensation technique with gutta-percha points and either a calcium hydroxide-based sealer (Sealer Plus) or a Grossman's cement (Fill Canal). The animals were killed by anesthetic overdose 60 days after the endodontic treatment and anatomic pieces were obtained and prepared for histologic examination. Data were evaluated in a blind analysis on the basis of several histomorphologic parameters. The groups without patency had better results (p=0.01) than those in which the ingrown connective tissue was removed. Comparing the sealers, Sealer Plus had significantly better results (p=0.01) than Fill Canal. In conclusion, both the apical patency (presence or absence) and the type of root canal filling material influenced the periapical healing process in dogs' teeth with vital pulp after root canal treatment. The use of a calcium hydroxide-based sealer in teeth without apical patency yielded the best results among the experimental conditions proposed.

scholarly journals Apical seal of root canals with gutta-percha points with calcium hydroxide

2004 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Holland ◽  
Sueli Satomi Murata ◽  
Henrian Gonzaga Barbosa ◽  
Osvaldo Garlipp ◽  
Valdir de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Methylene Blue Solution ◽  
Root Canal Filling ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Gutta Percha ◽  
Blue Solution

The objective of this research was to determine if gutta-percha points with calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2] improve the apical seal after root canal filling and if the master point does it alone. Human single recently extracted teeth were biomechanically prepared and the root canals filled by the lateral condensation technique with ZOE and gutta-percha points, with or without calcium hydroxide. The teeth were placed into a 2% methylene blue solution in a vacuum environment for 24 h after which they were processed for stereomicroscope evaluation. Better results were observed with the teeth filled with gutta-percha points with calcium hydroxide (p=0.01). We conclude that these new points make a better apical seal and that these results can also be obtained with the calcium hydroxide master point associated with regular ones (p=0.05).

scholarly journals Apical Extrusion of Debris and Irrigants Using Different Irrigation Needles

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Barcellos Silva ◽  
Angélica Mohnsam Krolow ◽  
Katerine Jahnecke Pilownic ◽  
Renata Picanço Casarin ◽  
Regina Karla Pontes Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Bonferroni Correction ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Needle Type ◽  
Apical Extrusion ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Root Canal Instrumentation ◽  
Final Instrument ◽  
Group 1

Abstract This study evaluated the influence of irrigation tip, root canal curvature and final apical diameter on periapical debris and irrigant extrusion during root canal instrumentation. After being classified as mildly or moderately curved, the mesiobuccal root canals of 90 human molars were instrumented. The teeth were allocated into three groups according to the used needle type: a flat open-end needle (Group 1), a side-vented needle (Group 2) or a double side-vented needle (Group 3). The amount of extruded material after instrumentation was calculated for each group. The differences in irrigant and debris extrusion between the experimental groups were analyzed with the Mann-Whitney U test. Irrigation tips and final instrument diameter differences were analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis test. Multiple groups were compared using the Mann-Whitney U-test with a Bonferroni correction at α=0.05. The amount of extruded material from the double side-vented needle was significantly less than the open-ended flat needle (p=0.008), but there was no difference compared to the side-vented needle (p=0.929). The results showed no effect of root curvature and final apical diameter on the amount of irrigant and debris extrusion (p>0.05). The double side-vented needles generated the least material extrusion to the periapical tissues. Irrigation needle type had the greatest influence on periapical irrigant and debris extrusion and the double side-vented needles may be safely used during endodontic therapy.

scholarly journals Apical extrusion of debris by manual and mechanical instrumentation

2007 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilia E. Leonardi ◽  
Diana M. Atlas ◽  
Guillermo Raiden
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Apical Extrusion ◽  
Working Length ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The aim of the present study was to assess the presence of apically extruded debris and evaluate the influence of canal curvature on the amount of debris produced by manual and mechanical techniques. Forty single-rooted mature teeth with 15 to 30 degree of root canal curvature were selected. The presence of only one foramen was confirmed using a magnifying lens. A size 15 K-file was placed up to the apical foramen to determine the patency. Working length was determined with the same instrument, 1 mm short of the foramen. According to the employed technique, the groups were labeled as follows: Group 1 - Manual instrumentation with Mor-flex files; Group 2 - Mechanical instrumentation with Cursor and Mor-flex files; Group 3 - Manual instrumentation with Flexi-cut files; Group 4 - Mechanical instrumentation with Cursor and Flexi-cut files. During instrumentation, the root canals were irrigated with 20 mL. Debris extruded through the apical foramen was collected using the Myers and Montgomery technique. The values (in mg) were: Group 1: 0.422 ± 0.683; Group 2: 0.688 ± 0.795; Group 3: 0.409 ± 0.323; Group 4: 0.810 ± 0.708. Data were analyzed statistically by ANOVA at 5% significance level. There was no statistically significant difference among the groups (p<0.05). No statistically significant differences were found between slight and moderate curvatures in terms of the amount of extruded debris (p>0.05).

scholarly journals Dentinal Microcrack Formation During Root Canal Treatment with Mtwo Instruments and MicroSeal Filling Technique

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 31-37
Author(s):  
Teocrito Carlesi ◽  
Giuseppe Nigro ◽  
Luigi Di Giacomo ◽  
Gianluca Plotino ◽  
Vito Antonio Malagnino
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Root Canal Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Root Canal Filling ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Rotary Instruments ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Microcrack Formation ◽  
Group 2

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate dentinal microcrack formation during root canal treatment using Mtwo NiTi rotary instruments and MicroSeal filling technique. Materials and Methods: Forty-five single-rooted teeth were selected for the present study and divided into 3 different groups ( n = 15): Group 1, in which root canals were instrumented with Mtwo rotary files; Group 2, in which root canals were instrumented with Mtwo rotary files and filled using the MicroSeal technique; and Group 3, that acts as a control group in which no instrumentation nor obturation were performed. Then, roots were sectioned 3 mm, 6 mm, and 9 mm from the apex and the cut surface has been observed under a stereomicroscope to check for the presence or absence of dentinal microcracks. Number of dentinal microcracks was registered for each group at different levels and data were statistically analyzed using the Chi-square test with a level of significance set at P < .05. Results: No statistically significant differences were registered among groups ( P < .05). No microcracks were detected in Groups 1 and 3, while two dentinal microcracks were registered in Group 2. Conclusions: Mtwo rotary instruments and the MicroSeal root canal filling technique did not significantly induce dentinal microcrack formation.

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