Simulation model for shapiro time delay and light deflection experiments

Open Physics ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhijit Biswas ◽  
Krishnan Mani
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Time Delay ◽  
Simulation Model ◽  
Time Transformation ◽  
Light Deflection ◽  
Accuracy Level ◽  
Simple Mass ◽  
General Relativistic ◽  
Precise Experiment ◽  
Relativistic Equations

AbstractThe time delay experiment proposed by I.I. Shapiro in 1964 and conducted in the seventies was the most precise experiment of general relativity until that time. Further experimentation has improved the accuracy level of both the time delay and the light deflection experiments. A simulation model is proposed that involves only a simple mass and time transformation factor involving velocity of light. The light deflection and the time delay experiments are numerically simulated using this model that does not use the general relativistic equations. The computed values presented in this paper compare well with recent levels of accuracy of their respective experimental results.

Simulation model for anomalous precession of the perihelion of mercury's orbit

Open Physics ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhijit Biswas ◽  
Krishnan Mani
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Simulation Model ◽  
Complete Agreement ◽  
Alternative Theory ◽  
Critical Test ◽  
Perihelion Precession ◽  
General Relativistic ◽  
Controversial Topic ◽  
Theory Of Gravitation ◽  
Relativistic Equations

AbstractThe ‘anomalous perihelion precession’ of Mercury, announced by Le Verrier in 1859, was a highly controversial topic for more than half a century and invoked many alternative theories until 1916, when Einstein presented his theory of general relativity as an alternative theory of gravitation and showed perihelion precession to be one of its potential manifestations. As perihelion precession was a directly derived result of the full General Theory and not just the Equivalence Principle, Einstein viewed it as the most critical test of his theory. This paper presents the computed value of the anomalous perihelion precession of Mercury's orbit using a new relativistic simulation model that employs a simple transformation factor for mass and time, proposed in an earlier paper. This computed value compares well with the prediction of general relativity and is, also, in complete agreement with the observed value within its range of uncertainty. No general relativistic equations have been used for computing the results presented in this paper.

All classical predictions of general relativity from special relativistic Hamiltonian dynamics

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (29) ◽  
pp. 1850169
Author(s):  
J. H. Field
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Euclidean Space ◽  
Hamiltonian Dynamics ◽  
Gravitational Redshift ◽  
Newtonian Mechanics ◽  
Light Deflection ◽  
Schwarzschild Metric ◽  
Related Literature ◽  
General Relativistic ◽  
Relativistic Hamiltonian Dynamics

Previous special relativistic calculations of gravitational redshift, light deflection and Shapiro delay are extended to include perigee advance. The three classical, order G, post-Newtonian predictions of general relativity as well as general relativistic light-speed-variation are therefore shown to be also consequences of special relativistic Newtonian mechanics in Euclidean space. The calculations are compared to general relativistic ones based on the Schwarzschild metric equation, and related literature is critically reviewed.

scholarly journals Gravitational light deflection, time delay and frequency shift in Einstein-Aether theory

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (S261) ◽  
pp. 140-143
Author(s):  
Kai Tang ◽  
Tian-Yi Huang ◽  
Zheng-Hong Tang
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Gravitational Field ◽  
Time Delay ◽  
Frequency Shift ◽  
Light Propagation ◽  
Gravity Theory ◽  
Light Deflection ◽  
Body Model ◽  
Newtonian Approximation ◽  
Gravity Theories

AbstractEinstein-Aether gravity theory has been proven successful in passing experiments of different scales. Especially its Eddington parameters β and γ have the same numerical values as those in general relativity. Recently Xie and Huang (2008) have advanced this theory to a second post-Newtonian approximation for an N-body model and obtained an explicit metric when the bodies are point-like masses. This research considers light propagation in the above gravitational field, and explores the light deflection, time delay, frequency shift etc. The results will provide for future experiments in testing gravity theories.

scholarly journals Do solar system experiments constrain scalar–tensor gravity?

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerio Faraoni ◽  
Jeremy Côté ◽  
Andrea Giusti
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Time Delay ◽  
Solar System ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Common Belief ◽  
Light Deflection ◽  
Higher Order Terms ◽  
The One ◽  
Weak Gravity

Abstract It is now established that, contrary to common belief, (electro-)vacuum Brans–Dicke gravity does not reduce to general relativity (GR) for large values of the Brans–Dicke coupling $$\omega $$ω. Since the essence of experimental tests of scalar–tensor gravity consists of providing lower bounds on $$\omega $$ω, in light of the misguided assumption of the equivalence between the limit $$\omega \rightarrow \infty $$ω→∞ and the GR limit of Brans–Dicke gravity, the parametrized post-Newtonian (PPN) formalism on which these tests are based could be in jeopardy. We show that, in the linearized approximation used by the PPN formalism, the anomaly in the limit to general relativity disappears. However, it survives to second (and higher) order and in strong gravity. In other words, while the weak gravity regime cannot tell apart GR and $$\omega \rightarrow \infty $$ω→∞ Brans–Dicke gravity, when higher order terms in the PPN analysis of Brans–Dicke gravity are included, the latter never reduces to the one of GR in this limit. This fact is relevant for experiments aiming to test second order light deflection and Shapiro time delay.

Beyond the Schwarzschild Metric

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Wittman
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
General Relativity ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Test Particle ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Relativistic Effects ◽  
Big Bang ◽  
Clusters Of Galaxies ◽  
General Relativistic ◽  
The Universe

General relativity explains much more than the spacetime around static spherical masses.We briefly assess general relativity in the larger context of physical theories, then explore various general relativistic effects that have no Newtonian analog. First, source massmotion gives rise to gravitomagnetic effects on test particles.These effects also depend on the velocity of the test particle, which has substantial implications for orbits around black holes to be further explored in Chapter 20. Second, any changes in the sourcemass ripple outward as gravitational waves, and we tell the century‐long story from the prediction of gravitational waves to their first direct detection in 2015. Third, the deflection of light by galaxies and clusters of galaxies allows us to map the amount and distribution of mass in the universe in astonishing detail. Finally, general relativity enables modeling the universe as a whole, and we explore the resulting Big Bang cosmology.

scholarly journals Does general relativity highlight necessary connections in nature?

Synthese ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Vassallo
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Laws Of Nature ◽  
Coupling Mechanism ◽  
Einstein Field Equations ◽  
Field Equations ◽  
Bianchi Identities ◽  
Physical Role ◽  
General Relativistic ◽  
Differential Relations ◽  
Necessary Connections

AbstractThe dynamics of general relativity is encoded in a set of ten differential equations, the so-called Einstein field equations. It is usually believed that Einstein’s equations represent a physical law describing the coupling of spacetime with material fields. However, just six of these equations actually describe the coupling mechanism: the remaining four represent a set of differential relations known as Bianchi identities. The paper discusses the physical role that the Bianchi identities play in general relativity, and investigates whether these identities—qua part of a physical law—highlight some kind of a posteriori necessity in a Kripkean sense. The inquiry shows that general relativistic physics has an interesting bearing on the debate about the metaphysics of the laws of nature.

Simulation on the Regulating Characteristics of the Pulse Modulation Hydraulic Hammer

2011 ◽  
Vol 422 ◽  
pp. 176-183
Author(s):  
Gang Wang ◽  
Yu Wan Cen
Keyword(s):  
Time Delay ◽  
Simulation Model ◽  
Impact Energy ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Impact Frequency ◽  
Pulse Modulation ◽  
Motion Equations ◽  
Hydraulic Hammer ◽  
Working Frequency ◽  
Simulation Results

To improve the regulating characteristics of impact energy, simplify structure of hydraulic hammer, a new pulse modulation hydraulic hammer is presented in the paper which can help regulate its impact frequency easily. The motion equations of the hydraulic hammer are established, its simulation model is obtained and the dynamic simulation is carried out on AMESim. The dynamics of high-speed ON/OFF valve is taken into account in the simulation model. The tendency of simulation results conforms to experimental results; it shows that the pulse modulation hydraulic hammer is feasible, and the hydraulic hammer model is reasonable. The time delay in high working frequency is also analyzed.

Hermann Weyl's Analysis of the “Problem of Space” and the Origin of Gauge Structures

2004 ◽  
Vol 17 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 165-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erhard Scholz
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Dirac Equation ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Group Extension ◽  
Central Idea ◽  
German Word ◽  
General Relativistic ◽  
Empirical Turn ◽  
Relativistic Framework ◽  
Internal Symmetries

Hermann Weyl (1885–1955) was one of the early contributors to the mathematics of general relativity. This article argues that in 1929, for the formulation of a general relativistic framework of the Dirac equation, he both abolished and preserved in modified form the conceptual perspective that he had developed earlier in his “analysis of the problem of space.” The ideas of infinitesimal congruence from the early 1920s were aufgehoben (in all senses of the German word) in the general relativistic framework for the Dirac equation. He preserved the central idea of gauge as a “purely infinitesimal” aspect of (internal) symmetries in a group extension schema. With respect to methodology, however, Weyl gave up his earlier preferences for relatively a-priori arguments and tried to incorporate as much empiricism as he could. This signified a clearly expressed empirical turn for him. Moreover, in this step he emphasized that the mathematical objects used for the representation of matter structures stood at the center of the construction, rather than interaction fields which, in the early 1920s, he had considered as more or less derivable from geometrico-philosophical considerations.

STRANGE MATTER STARS AND GENERAL RELATIVITY

1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 1253-1264 ◽  
Author(s):  
LUIS P. NEIRA CERVILLERA ◽  
ROBERTO O. AQUILANO ◽  
HECTOR VUCETICH
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Supernova Remnant ◽  
Strange Matter ◽  
Relativistic Star ◽  
Young Supernova Remnant ◽  
General Relativistic

In this letter we present a general relativistic star with strange matter to explain in a young supernova remnant the radial millisecond oscillations. The results confirm previous conclusions.

scholarly journals On the 2PN Periastron Precession of the Double Pulsar PSR J0737–3039A/B

Universe ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 443
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Iorio
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Present Author ◽  
Moment Of Inertia ◽  
The Other ◽  
Orbital Elements ◽  
Binary Pulsars ◽  
Orbital Phase ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
General Relativistic ◽  
The Moment

One of the post-Keplerian (PK) parameters determined in timing analyses of several binary pulsars is the fractional periastron advance per orbit kPK. Along with other PK parameters, it is used in testing general relativity once it is translated into the periastron precession ω˙PK. It was recently remarked that the periastron ω of PSR J0737–3039A/B may be used to measure/constrain the moment of inertia of A through the extraction of the general relativistic Lense–Thirring precession ω˙LT,A≃−0.00060∘yr−1 from the experimentally determined periastron rate ω˙obs provided that the other post-Newtonian (PN) contributions to ω˙exp can be accurately modeled. Among them, the 2PN seems to be of the same order of magnitude of ω˙LT,A. An analytical expression of the total 2PN periastron precession ω˙2PN in terms of the osculating Keplerian orbital elements, valid not only for binary pulsars, is provided, thereby elucidating the subtleties implied in correctly calculating it from k1PN+k2PN and correcting some past errors by the present author. The formula for ω˙2PN is demonstrated to be equivalent to that obtainable from k1PN+k2PN by Damour and Schäfer expressed in the Damour–Deruelle (DD) parameterization. ω˙2PN actually depends on the initial orbital phase, hidden in the DD picture, so that −0.00080∘yr−1≤ω˙2PN≤−0.00045∘yr−1. A recently released prediction of ω˙2PN for PSR J0737–3039A/B is discussed.

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