scholarly journals Physical fitness changes among amateur soccer players: effects of the pre-season period

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
Rui Silva ◽  
Ricardo Lima ◽  
Miguel Camões ◽  
César Leão ◽  
Sérgio Matos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Training Period ◽  
Drop Jump ◽  
Change Of Direction ◽  
Monitoring Tools ◽  
Maximal Aerobic Speed ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Baseline Fitness

Abstract Study aim: To assess changes in physical fitness of amateur soccer players after a pre-season training period and baseline fitness dependencies. Material and methods: Twenty-one amateur soccer players were assessed during the pre-season. The following physical variables were assessed before and after a two-month pre-season training period: (i) cardiorespiratory fitness, (ii) strength and power, and (iii) change of direction (COD). Results: Significant decreases were found for countermovement jump (CMJ) (p < 0.001; d = 1.161), drop jump (DJ) (p = 0.014; d = 0.958), and horizontal jump (HJ) (p = 0.042; d = 0.640), while no significant changes were found for the overall variables from the beginning to the end of pre-season. Fit players revealed significant decreases for CMJ (p = 0.002; d = –2.495), DJ (p = 0.004; d = –1.760), HJ (p = 0.028; d = –1.005), COD deficit (p = 0.034; d = 1.013), and maximal aerobic speed (MAS) (p = 0.026; d = –4.053). No significant changes were found for unfit players. Conclusions: Amateur soccer coaches should consider assessing physical qualities at the beginning of pre-season and use the free-of-charge monitoring tools such as session-rate of perceived exertion (s-RPE) during the training process.

scholarly journals Physical fitness performance, playing position and competitive level attained by elite junior soccer players

Kinesiology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-64
Author(s):  
Asier Los Arcos ◽  
Asier Gonzalez-Artetxe
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Aerobic Fitness ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Countermovement Jump ◽  
Professional Career ◽  
Neuromuscular Performance ◽  
Maximal Aerobic Speed ◽  
Physical Tests ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this study was to look into the alleged impact of the physical fitness performance of elite junior soccer players on the professional career according to playing position. The physical tests (sprint test, countermovement jump [CMJ], and maximal aerobic speed [MAS]) performed by 165 players enrolled in the junior team of a Spanish 1st Division club (1998-2010) were evaluated. Players were classified as those who were promoted to the reserve team (Reserve Team) and those who were not (non-Reserve Team), and as those who were promoted to the Spanish 1st/2nd Divisions (PFL) and those who were not (NPFL) until the 2020-2021 season. Overall, no significant differences (p&gt;.05) were found between the Reserve Team and non-Reserve Team or between the PFL and NPFL players in neuromuscular performance. Aerobic fitness was greater (p&lt;.05; ES = .79 ± .60 , moderate; mean difference = 3.0%) for the Reserve Team lateral midfielders in comparison to that for the non-Reserve Team. The results suggest that the impact of physical fitness on the promotion of elite junior soccer players is limited.

scholarly journals Effects of Plyometric, Strength and Change of Direction Training on High-School Basketball Player’s Physical Fitness

2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-186
Author(s):  
Eduardo Sáez de Villarreal ◽  
Jose Galán Molina ◽  
Guillermo de Castro-Maqueda ◽  
José V. Gutiérrez-Manzanedo
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Change Of Direction ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
And Control

Abstract The study aim was to compare the effects of a 7-week plyometric, strength and change of direction (COD) training program on basketball-specific performance measures in high-school players. Forty male players were randomly assigned to one of the four groups: plyometric (PG, n = 10), strength (SG, n = 10), COD (CODG, n = 10), and control group training (CG, n = 10). Two training sessions were performed at weekly intervals before basketball training. Performance of the counter movement jump (CMJ), Abalakov jump (ABKJ), 10 m zig-zag sprint, 20 m in line sprint (measurements at 10 and 20 m), and sit and reach flexibility test (SRFT) was assessed before and after the intervention. A 4 (group) × 2 (time) repeated measures analysis of variances (ANOVA) was conducted for each variable. Bonferroni post-hoc tests were used when the interaction was significant. Significant (all p < 0.05) time x group interaction was noted for SRFT, CMJ, ABK, sprint, and zig-zag 10 m, in favor of the experimental groups compared to the control group. However, improvements in physical fitness were similar between the three experimental groups. In conclusion, 7 weeks of specific plyometric, strength and COD training produced similar medium to large improvements in physical fitness of high-school basketball players.

scholarly journals Effects of Three Preseason Training Programs on Speed, Change-of-Direction, and Endurance in Recreationally Trained Soccer Players

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jérôme Koral ◽  
Jaume Lloria Varella ◽  
Fernando Lazaro Romero ◽  
Clément Foschia
Keyword(s):  
Interval Training ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Plyometric Training ◽  
Training Time ◽  
Change Of Direction ◽  
Maximal Aerobic Speed ◽  
Training Post ◽  
Speed Change ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Physical Performances

Background: Modern coaches experience a drastic reduction of the available training time with an increasingly large number of competitions during the competitive season. Thus, they must choose wisely the most efficient methods to improve the physical fitness of their players during the preseason. Among all the methods, this study compared the effects of plyometric training (PT), sprint interval training (SIT), and small-sided games (SSGs) on the performance of recreationally trained soccer players.Methods: Seventy-three participants were randomly assigned in one of the three experimental groups (i.e., PT [n = 23], SIT [n = 26] or SSGs [n = 24]) and completed two sessions per week for a total of 3 weeks. Meanwhile, the whole group maintained their habitual soccer-specific training program who do not interfere in the preparation of the season. Repeated sprint ability (RSA), maximal aerobic speed (MAS), and a 30-m sprint were assessed at baseline (PRE) and post-training (POST).Results: Performance in SSGs decreased for the average speed from 0 to 10 m (V0−10m; −0.84 km h−1, −4 ± 5%, p &lt; 0.001), the maximal distance (Dmax) covered in the 30-s RSA test (−3.65 m, −3 ± 6%, p &lt; 0.01) and MAS (−0.52 km h−1, −3 ± 6%, p &lt; 0.01). PT increased the mean distance (Dmean) covered in the 30-s RSA test (+5.98 m, 5 ± 4%, p &lt; 0.001) and MAS (+0.58 km h−1, 7 ± 5%, p &lt; 0.01) while an improvement of all parameters but the maximal sprint speed reached during the 30-m trip (Vmax) was found in the SIT group (V0−10m: +1.462 km h−1, 8 ± 5%, p &lt; 0.001; Dmax: +7.89 m, 6 ± 5%, p &lt; 0.001; Dmean: +8.69 m, 7 ± 5%, p &lt; 0.001 and MAS: +1.74 km h−1, 12 ± 8%, p &lt; 0.001). All SSG POST values were significantly lower than PT and SIT (p &lt; 0.01). Dmean and MAS in POST were also significantly higher in SIT than in the PT group (p &lt; 0.001).Conclusion: This study suggests that both PT and SIT could be a better alternative to SSGs to boost performances during preseason. Moreover, SIT seems to produce higher improvements in physical performances than PT.

scholarly journals Associations between Physical Status and Training Load in Women Soccer Players

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (19) ◽  
pp. 10015
Author(s):  
Lillian Gonçalves ◽  
Filipe Manuel Clemente ◽  
Joel Ignacio Barrera ◽  
Hugo Sarmento ◽  
Gibson Moreira Praça ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Training Load ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Load Range ◽  
Change Of Direction ◽  
Fitness Assessment ◽  
Cohort Design ◽  
And Training

This study aimed to analyze the variations of fitness status, as well as test the relationships between accumulated training load and fitness changes in women soccer players. This study followed an observational analytic cohort design. Observations were conducted over 23 consecutive weeks (from the preseason to the midseason). Twenty-two women soccer players from the same first Portuguese league team (22.7 ± 5.21 years old) took part in the study. The fitness assessment included anthropometry, hip adductor and abductor strength, vertical jump, change of direction, linear speed, repeated sprint ability, and the Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test. The training load was monitored daily using session rating of perceived exertion (s-RPE). A one-way repeated ANOVA revealed no significant differences for any of the variables analyzed across the three moments of fitness assessments (p > 0.05). The t-test also revealed no differences in the training load across the moments of the season (t = 1.216; p = 0.235). No significant correlations were found between fitness levels and accumulated training load (range: r = 0.023 to −0.447; p > 0.05). This study revealed no differences in the fitness status during the analyzed season, and the fitness status had no significant relationship with accumulated training load.

scholarly journals Effects of a Specific Core Stability Program on the Sprint and Change-of-Direction Maneuverability Performance in Youth, Male Soccer Players

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (19) ◽  
pp. 10116
Author(s):  
Eric Brull-Muria ◽  
Jose Vicente Beltran-Garrido
Keyword(s):  
Performance Studies ◽  
Athletic Performance ◽  
Core Stability ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Change Of Direction ◽  
Stability Group ◽  
Weekly Training ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Soccer Training

Although it is recommended to use sport-specific training programs to optimize performance, studies analyzing the effects of the core stability training with high levels of sport-specificity on athletic performance are insufficient and unclear. The objective of this study was to analyze the effects of the level of specificity of a CORE stability program on specific soccer actions. Fourteen youth players were randomly assigned to the specific core stability group (SCS; n = 7) or the general core stability group (GCS; n = 7). The eight-week intervention consisted of two weekly training sessions added to the usual soccer training. Both groups performed four CORE stability tasks. The SCS group followed the principle of sports specificity, while the GCS group performed CORE stability commons. Ten-meter linear sprinting (Sprint) and change-of-direction maneuverability (V-cut) were evaluated before and after the intervention programs. A statistically significant improvement was obtained in Sprint (d = 0.84 95% CI (0.22, 1.45), p = 0.008) and V-cut (d = 1.24 95% CI (0.52, 1.93), p < 0.001). At posttest, statistically nonsignificant differences were obtained between groups in Sprint (d = 1.03 95% CI (−0.25, 2.30), p = 0.082) and V-cut (d = −0.56 95% CI (−1.89, 0.78), p = 0.370). In conclusion, sprint and change-of-direction maneuverability were improved, but there was no superiority of any type of training.

scholarly journals Effects of Unloaded vs. Ankle-Loaded Plyometric Training on the Physical Fitness of U-17 Male Soccer Players

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (21) ◽  
pp. 7877
Author(s):  
Mehrez Hammami ◽  
Nawel Gaamouri ◽  
Katsuhiko Suzuki ◽  
Ridha Aouadi ◽  
Roy J. Shephard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Plyometric Training ◽  
Recovery Test ◽  
Change Of Direction ◽  
Performance Group ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this study was to compare the impact of two differing plyometric training programs (loaded plyometrics (with 2.5% of body mass placed above the ankle joint) vs. unloaded plyometrics), performed biweekly for 10 weeks, on the physical fitness of elite junior male soccer players. Participants aged 16.0 ± 0.5 years were randomly assigned between unloaded plyometrics (UP; n = 12), loaded plyometrics (LP; n = 14) and control (C; n = 12) groups. Two-way analyses of performance (group x time) were assessed by 40-m sprint times; 9–3–6–3–9 m sprints with 180° turns (S180°); 9–3–6–3–9 m sprints with backward and forward running (SBF); and 4 × 5 m sprints (S4 × 5 m); four jump tests; measures of static and dynamic balance; repeated change of direction tests and the Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test. Both LP and UP enhanced sprinting performance relative to C (p < 0.05) but performance increased more in LP relative to UP (p < 0.05) in all sprints except 40 m. Change of direction times were also significantly shortened by LP relative to UP (p < 0.05) and C (p < 0.01) in all tests, with no significant differences between UP and C. Jumps heights increased similarly in both LP and UP relative to C (p < 0.05), with no significance between LP and UP. LP and UP also enhanced repeated change of direction scores relative to C (p < 0.01) with greater changes in LP than in UP (p < 0.01). Finally, LP enhanced some balance scores relative to UP (p < 0.05) and C (p < 0.05). We conclude that the introduction of 10 weeks of in-season loaded plyometrics into the regimen of U17 male soccer players yields gains in several physical performance scores relative to either unloaded plyometrics or the control training regimen.

Effect of Heavy Resisted Sled Sprint Training During the Competitive Season on Sprint and Change-of-Direction Performance in Professional Soccer Players

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 1066-1073 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian J. McMorrow ◽  
Massimiliano Ditroilo ◽  
Brendan Egan
Keyword(s):  
Training Group ◽  
Sprint Performance ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Confidence Limits ◽  
Sprint Training ◽  
Change Of Direction ◽  
Professional Soccer ◽  
Competitive Season ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Total Program

Purpose: Resisted sled sprinting (RSS) is an effective tool for improving sprint performance over short distances, but the effect on change-of-direction (COD) performance is largely unknown. The present study investigated the effect of heavy RSS training during the competitive season on sprint and COD performance in professional soccer players. Methods: Over 6 wk in-season, an RSS training group (n = 6) performed RSS at a sled load of 30% body mass for a total program running distance of 800 m, whereas an unresisted sprint (URS) training group (n = 7) performed the same distance of unresisted sprinting. A 20-m maximal sprint with split times measured at 5, 10, and 20 m and the sprint 9-3-6-3-9 m with 180° turns COD test were performed before and after the intervention. Results: Sprint performance (mean, 95% confidence limits, qualitative inference) was improved in both groups over 5 m (URS, 5.1%, −2.4 to 12.7, likely moderate; RSS, 5.4%, 0.5–10.4, likely moderate), 10 m (URS, 3.9%, −0.3 to 8.1, very likely moderate; RSS, 5.0%, 1.8–8.0, very likely large), and 20 m (URS, 2.0%, −0.6 to 4.5, likely moderate; RSS, 3.0%, 1.7–4.4, very likely moderate). COD was improved in both groups (URS, 3.7%, 2.2–5.2, most likely large; RSS, 3.3%, 1.6–5.0, most likely moderate). Between-groups differences were unclear. Conclusion: Heavy RSS and URS training matched for running distance were similarly effective at improving sprint and COD performance in professional soccer players when performed in the competitive phase of the season.

scholarly journals Effects of Maturation on Physical Fitness Adaptations to Plyometric Drop Jump Training in Male Youth Soccer Players

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 2760-2768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiago Vera-Assaoka ◽  
Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo ◽  
Cristian Alvarez ◽  
Felipe Garcia-Pinillos ◽  
Jason Moran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Drop Jump ◽  
Male Youth ◽  
Youth Soccer ◽  
Jump Training

Effects of Resisted Sprints With Changes of Direction Through Several Relative Loads on Physical Performance in Soccer Players

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 1022-1028 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Rodríguez-Osorio ◽  
Oliver Gonzalo-Skok ◽  
Fernando Pareja-Blanco
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
External Load ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Countermovement Jump ◽  
Change Of Direction ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Moderate Load ◽  
Run Test ◽  
Positive Effect

Purpose: To compare the effects of resisted change-of-direction (COD) movements, using several relative loads, on soccer players’ physical performance. Methods: Fifty-four male soccer players were randomly assigned to 1 of the following 3 groups, which differed only in the magnitude of the external load used during the COD training: COD training without external load (COD-0; n = 16), COD training with a 12.5% body-mass external load (COD-12.5; n = 19), and COD training with a 50% body-mass external load (COD-50; n = 19). Participants performed the specific COD training twice per week for 6 wk. Before and after the training period, a battery of tests was completed: countermovement jump, 30-m running sprint (time in 10 m [T10], 20 m [T20], and 30 m [T30]), L-run test, and V-cut test. Results: Within-group comparisons showed substantial improvements in countermovement jump and T10 (likely) in COD-0, whereas countermovement jump, T10, and T20 were substantially enhanced (possibly to likely) in COD-50. COD-12.5 induced substantial improvements in all analyzed variables (likely to most likely). Between-groups comparisons showed better effects on all analyzed variables for COD-12.5 than for COD-0 (possibly to very likely), whereas COD-50 only showed possibly better effects than COD-0 on T10. In addition, COD-12.5 induced a better effect on L-run and V-cut tests than COD-50 (possibly to likely). Conclusions: These results indicate that COD training, especially moderate load (12.5% body mass) resisted COD training, may have a positive effect on COD skills, running sprint performance, and jumping ability in young soccer players.

scholarly journals An Approach to the Fatigue in Young Soccer Players Resulting from Sided Games

Sports ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 174
Author(s):  
Daniel Castillo ◽  
Javier Yanci ◽  
Silvia Sánchez-Díaz ◽  
Javier Raya-González
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Training Context ◽  
Internal Load ◽  
Bout Duration ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Age Category

It is crucial to understand the fatigue associated with sided games (SGs) of soccer in the training context, in order to establish the appropriate intervals between training sessions. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different SGs on internal load, measured by the session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE), and on sprint performance. Ten outfield players (age: 14.5 ± 0.5 years, height: 169 ± 6 cm, body mass: 59.7 ± 6.4 kg) belonging to U15 age category participated in this study. The participants played four SG formats with modifications in the pitch size and in the bout duration, but with the same total duration for the SGs (SG1, SG2, SG3, and SG4). All the players performed a 10 and a 30 m sprint test before and after the SGs. The internal load was measured by the sRPE. The results showed no significant differences (p > 0.05) in the sRPE registered by the soccer players for the different SGs, but worse sprint performances over the 10 m (p < 0.05; ES: 0.74–1.38, large) and 30 m (p < 0.05; ES: 0.70–2.10, moderate to large) distances after completion of the SGs, except the 10 m sprint after SG2 and SG3 (p > 0.05; ES: 0.43–0.55, moderate). In addition, no correlation (p > 0.05) was reported between the sprint performances for the 10 and 30 m distances and the sRPE registered during the SGs. These results could be useful for technical staff wishing to design the playing area and bout duration of their training tasks effectively.

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