scholarly journals Regulations for Returning Labour Migrants to Ukraine: International Background and National Limitations

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 45-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Dluhopolskyi ◽  
Tetiana Zatonatska ◽  
Ielyzaveta Lvova ◽  
Yuriy Klapkiv
Keyword(s):  
Labour Force ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Labour Migration ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
Boundary Crossings ◽  
Economic Progress ◽  
Standards Of Living ◽  
Migrant Integration ◽  
The Military ◽  
Migrant Integration Policies

The current situation on the Ukrainian labour market is not only characterised by a high rate of unemployment, but also by low‑wage jobs with relatively severe requirements from potential employers. The intensive labour migration from Ukraine is forced by factors such as lower standards of living when compared to the standards in neighbouring countries, the flexibility of changing the place of living and working, and the military crisis in the eastern parts of Ukraine, among others. The article is devoted to the policy on the return of labour migrants to Ukraine. The issues of the increasing number of asylum seekers arriving from Ukraine to other European countries from 2008 to 2017, and the analysis of the main migration trends and legal norms relevant to the migration issues have revealed the mismatch in directions of labour migration flows from Ukraine and boundary crossings by other migrants. By means of analysing the interaction between the rate of human development and the efficiency of migrant integration policies, the authors have proposed several strategic tools to ease the return of the labour force to Ukraine, including the cessation of military actions, raising the level of economic progress, fighting corruption, expanding opportunities for small and medium‑sized businesses, and solving environmental problems.

scholarly journals Attitudes Towards Immigrants, Immigration Policies and Labour Market Outcomes: Comparing Croatia with Hungary and Slovenia

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (76) ◽  
pp. 5-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerija Botrić
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
European Social Survey ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Migrant Integration ◽  
Labour Market Outcomes ◽  
European Economies ◽  
Migrant Integration Policies

Abstract The paper provides comparative evidence on attitudes towards immigrants, their labour market outcomes and policies in Croatia and two neighbouring countries – Slovenia and Hungary. Three different data sources have been used: the European Social Survey, an ad-hoc Labour Force Survey module for the year 2014, and the MIPEX index. Although immigrants have a disadvantaged position on the Croatian labour market, most analysed indicators do not imply that they are in a worse position than in other European economies. Migrant integration policies related to the labour market are assessed as being relatively favourable for Croatia. Judging by the comparable indicators for the native population in Croatia, immigrants’ adverse labour market outcomes seem to be more related to the unfavourable general economic situation, and particularly by the deep and long recession.

Discourses of integration: Language, skills, and the politics of difference

Multilingua ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mi-Cha Flubacher ◽  
Shirley Yeung
Keyword(s):  
Special Issue ◽  
National Politics ◽  
Social Categories ◽  
Politics Of Difference ◽  
Language Communication ◽  
Global North ◽  
Migrant Integration ◽  
Social Orders ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Migrant Integration Policies

AbstractIn this introduction, we outline the most relevant concepts for this special issue on integration and the politics of difference. This introduction characterizes “integration” as a dominant policy orientation and discursive regime concerned primarily with understandings of language, communication, and skill which constitute a (trans)national politics of difference. In various sites and national contexts of the global north, migrant “integration” policies render difference and mobility the site of both discursive elaboration and management. This introduction highlights the salience of critical ethnographic analyses for understanding “integration” beyond policy realms, arguing for attention to situated practices, emergent social categories and types, political-economic stakes, logics of linguistic (dis)engagement, and the reproduction of mono- and multilingual social orders. In particular, we propose to untangle this complex by describing three central processes that run through all of the contributions and which, we suggest, are indispensable for the analysis of current and emergent regimes of integration: processes of categorization, of selection, and of activation.

scholarly journals Leadership – Training of Military Specialists in Particular Disciplines Focused on Mathematical Modelling

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarka Hoskova Mayerova
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modelling ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
University Education ◽  
Active Service ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
Physical Abilities ◽  
The Many ◽  
Correct Judgement ◽  
The Military

The primary mission of the Faculty of Military Leadership consists in providing university education for military professionals to become qualified experts, educated in military science and specially trained for the military service, able to fulfil a socially important role in carrying out security and state defence. In accordance with legislation in the students are also prepared for a “second career” after finishing their active service in the Army. This is not an easy goal. A quality commander should be thoroughly trained, able to make right decisions, know tactical and strategic levels of leadership, accomplish correct judgement, vision and planning, implementation and progress…, just a few terms frequently quoted and referred to this problem. Managers must often deal with factors that are beyond their control. Labour force has changed and grown during the past few decades; therefore, personnel managers must develop alternative attitudes in order to face current demands. Personnel directors must be cognizant of the many individual differences that are among employees: there are varying education levels, physical abilities, psychological and behavioural attributes, different levels of motivation, personality characteristics, etc. The paper deals with the situation of military professionals´ education at University of Defence in Brno, Czech Republic. Keywords: Crisis situation; Mathematical modelling; Training of military specialist  

Conclusion

2020 ◽  
pp. 268-278
Author(s):  
Robert L. Tignor
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
London School ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Racial Justice ◽  
World War ◽  
Economic Progress ◽  
Standards Of Living ◽  
Racial Injustice ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
London School Of Economics

This concluding chapter reflects on W. Arthur Lewis's death on June 15, 1991, and his legacy. Since his days growing up on the island of St. Lucia and studying at the London School of Economics, he had focused his writings, research, teaching, and public service on three critical issues: racial justice, end of empire, and improved standards of living for the less well off. The instrumentality to accomplish these goals became the field of economics, in large part, as he so often reminded people, because he was unable to pursue what had once seemed to him more attractive occupations. Lewis would never have suggested that his life should be measured by the successes that he had in advancing these goals, but there is much to be said for concluding this study by considering the methods that Lewis favored and the achievements that he realized in the three arenas that he held so high: eradicating racial injustice, bringing empires to a close, and promoting worldwide economic progress. Ultimately, development economics was the academic interest in which Lewis made his most lasting contributions, and it was as a development economist that he came to prominence after World War II.

Myanmar in 2017

Asian Survey ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 158-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Fink
Keyword(s):  
The Poor ◽  
Standards Of Living ◽  
Second Year ◽  
The Military

During its second year in office, Myanmar’s NLD government made little progress on its agenda to restore peace, reduce the role of the military in politics, and raise standards of living for the poor. Instead, the dominant issues were the security crisis in Rakhine State and the exodus of half the Rohingya population.

scholarly journals EGZEMPCJE WOJSKOWE - IMMUNITET ŻOŁNIERSKI W RZECZYPOSPOLITEJ SZLACHECKIEJ XVI-XVII WIEKU

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Karol Łopatecki
Keyword(s):  
Military Service ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
Time Limits ◽  
Legal Position ◽  
The Military

Military Exemptions - Soldier’s Immunity in Polish -Lithuanian Commonwealth of XVI-XVII CenturySummaryMilitary exemptions have not been described in the hitherto literature whereas they constitute an interesting phenom enon allowing to evaluate the legal position of mercenary soldiers, functioning of legal norms of a temporary character and the interrelations between the statutory and customary law. In XVI and XVII centuries both - general exemptions, granted by Seym, and hetm an’s exemptions, deprived of the Seym’s sanction, existed. The constitutions on the exemptions always had a temporary nature. As a consequence o f the advancing paralysis of the parliament’s works, the exemptions issued by hetm an became more and more common.Exemptions were the releases to be applied before all types of courts, apart from military courts. They withheld the proceedings (even enforcement proceedings when the verdict did not benefit from the res iudicata character) with regard to all persons taking part in the military expeditions and their families. This enhanced the attractiveness of military service and prevented soldiers from leaving the army.Exemptions were known to the customary law, however, they were formulated by Seym by means of constitutions. The parliament, depending on the circumstances, enlarged or limited the group of the beneficiaries, applied more or less strict criteria, changed the time limits of the exemptions’ validity, prevented their abuse, and most importantly, it firmly opposed a rejection of the releases by courts.

scholarly journals The Place and Potential Role of the OSCE in the Changing Architecture of European Security

2019 ◽  
pp. 27-40
Author(s):  
Viktor Mizin
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
European Security ◽  
The West ◽  
European Continent ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
Strategic Stability ◽  
Post War ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
The Military ◽  
Crisis Situations

The article analyzes the key aspects of the development of relations between Russia and the OSCE from the point of view of the complex issues of Euro-Atlantic security. According to the author, the acсession of Crimea to Russia and the crisis around Ukraine have further exacerbated the preceding tensions in bilateral relations. Today, they are much like the Cold war confrontation. In Europe, the military confrontation is now intensifying. Today Moscow is openly accused of undermining the foundations of the post-war order in Europe, of illegal steps to break the generally accepted international legal norms, of aggressive intentions that threaten European stability. At the same time, the existence of significant distrust between Russia and the West does not mean that we should wait for some pause, abandon attempts to take constructive steps to re-establish cooperation. Such an approach would be counterproductive – especially since both sides are sending, albeit muted, signals of readiness for dialogue. In this situation, the author proposes a number of initial steps that could increase the level of trust between the parties, would ideally move to a meaningful dialogue on the future of the European security architecture. Various OSCE mechanisms could play a useful role. The author emphasizes the importance of increasing the effectiveness of the OSCE-originated crisis mechanisms in the context of the erosion of strategic stability on the European continent as a result of the unprecedented deterioration of relations between Russia and the West. Special emphasis is placed on modernization of the crisis management potential of the OSCE and promotion of dialogue between the West and Russia, including the establishment of a novel consultative platform in the framework of the OSCE to discuss emerging crisis situations. A number of specific confidence-building measures are proposed to restore dialogue and find solutions to crisis situations in the region.

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