scholarly journals Modelling Support Mechanism Impact on Electric Vehicle Registration in Latvia

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-139
Author(s):  
Gustavs Gudzuks ◽  
Sarma Cakula
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Charging Infrastructure ◽  
Support Mechanism ◽  
Theoretical Literature ◽  
Effective Option ◽  
Support Mechanisms ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Globalization has led to an increased anthropological impact on the climate, and transport is one of the most greenhouse gas (GHG) intensive sectors that is facilitating it. Transport generated around 14 percent of global GHG emissions in 2010. Transport decarbonization is vital for limiting climate change, and electric vehicle (EV) is one of the solutions. EV prevalence in Latvia after Climate Financial Instrument (CCFI) funding has steadily increased and the average yearly EV growth has remained at 0.09 percent among newly registered light-duty passenger vehicles. The aim of this research is to model the impact of different direct and indirect support mechanisms on EV growth in Latvia taking into account the costs of the given support mechanisms. Accordingly, theoretical literature and research on vehicle decarbonization, EV support mechanisms, and barriers were analyzed. In order to obtain the data related to individual attitude towards EVs and their support policies a survey of different age groups was conducted. Based on the theoretical literature, a model was devised using STELLA software. The model was verified and validated. The results of the model indicate that until 2030 direct subsidies of at least 45 percent will have the largest impact on EV registration, while decreasing VAT by at least 9 percent is the most cost-effective option. The results regarding indirect support mechanisms show that free charging and development of charging infrastructure, as well as improvements to EV related technologies would increase EV registration. However, to ensure sustainable support to EVs it is advisable to combine direct incentives with indirect support mechanisms. Combining different policies lowers incentive costs and increases their efficiency.

scholarly journals Stochastic Modelling to Analyze the Impact of Electric Vehicle Penetration in Thailand

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 5037
Author(s):  
Narongkorn Uthathip ◽  
Pornrapeepat Bhasaputra ◽  
Woraratana Pattaraprakorn
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Stochastic Modelling ◽  
Stochastic Approach ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ev Charging ◽  
Charging Strategy

Electric Vehicle (EV) technology is one of the most promising solutions to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the transportation sector. However, a large increase of EVs raises concerns about negative impacts on electricity generation, transmission, and distribution systems. This study analyzes the benefits and trade-offs for EV penetration in Thai road transport based on EV penetration scenarios from 2019 to 2036. Two charging strategies are considered to assess the impact of EV charging: free charging and off-peak charging. Uncertainty variables are considered by a stochastic approach based on Monte-Carlo simulation (MCS). The simulation results shown that the adoption of EVs can reduce both energy consumption and GHG emissions. The results also indicate that the increased load due to EV charging demand in all scenarios is still within the buffer level, compared to the installed generation capacity in the Power Development Plan 2018 revision 1 (PDP2018r1), and the off-peak charging strategy is more beneficial than the free-charging strategy. However, the increased load demand caused by all EV charging strategies has a direct impact on the power generating schedule, and also decreases the system reliability level.

ICT Affordability and Coping With Disaster

2018 ◽  
pp. 212-226
Author(s):  
Carl Adams ◽  
Sam Takavarasha Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Temporal Perspective ◽  
Support Mechanism ◽  
Sendai Framework ◽  
Support Mechanisms ◽  
And Coping ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Development Perspective

This chapter explores the impact of a disaster on communities from a development perspective and the corresponding importance of access to ICT. Poorer communities are often most vulnerable to disasters, a situation that can affect the economic development of such communities for decades. The chapter uses the UN's Sendai framework to emphasize the role of ICT in supporting communities throughout the different stages of disaster situations, towards long-term recovery and development. Some key themes emerge in the chapter, notably access to technology is a key support mechanism; a longer-term temporal perspective of such disasters indicates there are likely to be different waves of “disaster” refugees; the initial ones being classed as humanitarian migrants with all the humanitarian supports that they attract; whereas longer term any resulting “refugees” would more likely be classed as economic migrants. The chapter also explores longer term support mechanisms such as the role of remittances.

scholarly journals Policy Considerations for Zero-Emission Vehicle Infrastructure Incentives: Case Study in Canada

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azadeh Maroufmashat ◽  
Michael Fowler
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Charging Infrastructure ◽  
The Road ◽  
Electric Vehicle Charging ◽  
Zero Emission ◽  
Government Grant ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Electric Powertrains

Transportation accounts for more than 20% of the total Greenouse Gas (GHG) emissions in Canada. Switching from fossil fuels to more environmentally friendly energy sources and to Zero-Emission Vehicles (ZEVs) is a promising option for future transportation but well to wheel emission and charging/refuelling patterns must also be considered. This paper investigates the barriers to and opportunities for electric charging and hydrogen refueling infrastructure incentives in Ontario, Canada and estimates the number of Internal Combustion Engine Vehicles (ICEVs) that would be offset by infrastructure incentives. The paper also assesses the potential of electric and hybrid-electric powertrains to enable GHG reductions, explores the impact of the electricity supply mix for supporting zero-emission vehicles in different scenarios and studies the effect of the utility factor for PHEVs in Ontario. The authors compare the use of electric vehicle charging infrastructures and hydrogen refueling stations regarding overall GHG emission reductions for an infrastructure incentive funded by a 20-million-dollar government grant. The results suggest that this incentive can provide infrastructure that can offset around 9000 ICEVs vehicles using electricity charging infrastructure and 4000–8700 when using hydrogen refuelling stations. Having appropriate limitations and policy considerations for the potential 1.7 million electric-based vehicles that may be in use by 2024 in Ontario would result in 5–7 million tonne GHG avoidances in different scenarios, equivalent to the removal of 1–1.5 million ICEVs from the road.

A regional model of sheep lice management practices to examine the impact of managing straying sheep combined with other management choices

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 726
Author(s):  
Peri G. Lucas ◽  
Brian J. Horton ◽  
David Parsons ◽  
Anna L. Carew
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Eradication Rate ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Intervention Level ◽  
Effective Option ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Effective Part ◽  
The Impact

A model of lice management systems was used to investigate the potential benefits of improved fencing against straying sheep, used in conjunction with other management options for lice control. The impact of combined strategies was simulated over a 20-year period. Management options included in the model were: lice eradication rate, lice detection, intervention level, improved fencing to reduce straying sheep, and biosecurity of purchased sheep. The modelling found it was cost-effective to improve fences for an initial average cost of $20 000/property if the number of properties from which strays could enter was reduced by ≥40%, but for average Australian properties this represents less than 20% of the boundary replaced. In order for fencing to be a cost-effective part of lice management, the fencing must target sections of boundary fence that will provide the greatest protection from contact with neighbouring flocks. The model showed that improved biosecurity against straying sheep combined well with improved eradication rates. However, biosecurity for purchased sheep may be the most cost-effective option.

scholarly journals Electric Vehicle Charging System

2021 ◽  
pp. 92-96
Author(s):  
Rutuja Rajole ◽  
Rutuja Kakulte ◽  
Ashwin Pathak
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Charging Station ◽  
Electric Vehicle Charging ◽  
The World ◽  
Vehicle Charging ◽  
Charging Stations ◽  
The Impact

Electric vehicles are a new and upcoming technology in the transportation and power sector that have many benefits in terms of economic and environmental. This study presents a comprehensive review and evaluation of various types of electric vehicles and its associated equipment in particular battery charger and charging station. A comparison is made on the commercial and prototype electric vehicles in terms of electric range, battery size, charger power and charging time. The various types of charging stations and standards used for charging electric vehicles have been outlined and the impact of electric vehicle charging on utility distribution systems is also discussed. The methodology presented here was time-and cost-effective, as well as scalable to other organizations that own charging stations. Electric vehicles (EVs) are becoming increasingly popular in many countries of the world. EVs are proving more energy efficient and environmental friendly. But the lack of charging stations restricts the wide adoption of EVs in the world. As EV usage grows, more public spaces are installing EV charging stations.

scholarly journals Shared autonomous electric vehicle service performance: Assessing the impact of charging infrastructure

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 ◽  
pp. 102283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Vosooghi ◽  
Jakob Puchinger ◽  
Joschka Bischoff ◽  
Marija Jankovic ◽  
Anthony Vouillon
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Service Performance ◽  
Charging Infrastructure ◽  
The Impact
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