scholarly journals Pandemic challenges and models of democracy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 196-205
Author(s):  
Leszek Koczanowicz
Keyword(s):  
Research Question ◽  
Democratic Society ◽  
Social Solidarity ◽  
Central Research ◽  
Democratic Development ◽  
Democratic Societies ◽  
Political Form ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Models Of Democracy

Abstract This article examines the impact of a pandemic on democratic societies. The central research question is the extent to which a pandemic can alter the trajectory of social and ethical democratic development nationally and internationally. Therefore, the article examines contemporary controversies in democratic society in the aftermath of a pandemic. The leading hypothesis is that the pandemic should reinforce the need for social solidarity, but it is unclear what political form this need will take: populism or deliberative/nonconsensual democracy.

scholarly journals Fearing the stranger? Homiletical explorations in a fear-filled world

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian A. Nell
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Central Research ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Culture Of Fear ◽  
African Soil ◽  
Politics Of Fear ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Stranger

The large number of xenophobic attacks that broke out in different places in South Africa during 2008 was still continuing unabated 10 years later. We were stressed to come to terms with the reality that this occurred in a country that is globally considered to be an example of reconciliation. It is clear that we were confronted by the politics of fear, which were manifested in xenophobia and all the other -isms. In this article, the primary causes of these xenophobic outbreaks were scrutinised and placed within the wider framework of a culture of fear. The central research question is: Why are we still struggling with this phenomenon more than a decade after it first appeared on South African soil? In-depth analysis will be performed on what is lying behind the culture of fear underlying these acts of violence. After exploring some of the factors related to a culture of fear by making use of a sociological frame, the author moved on to answer a second question: How do we, as preachers, researchers and practical theologians, respond in a theological way to the challenges posed by a xenophobic culture in our preaching activities? Finally, the impact of violence and fear on the practice of preaching within a Christian context was discussed.

Playing by the Rules: Agency Policy and Procedure in Service Experience of IPV Survivors

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (21-22) ◽  
pp. 4640-4665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Wood ◽  
Laurie Cook Heffron ◽  
Molly Voyles ◽  
Shanti Kulkarni
Keyword(s):  
Partner Violence ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Code Of Conduct ◽  
The United States ◽  
Transitional Housing ◽  
Ripple Effect ◽  
Central Research ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Agency Policy

More than 1,800 programs exist in the United States, providing not only shelter but also transitional housing, advocacy and support, transportation, legal aid, and group and individual counseling for women who have experienced intimate partner violence (IPV). Shelter and transitional housing provide critical support for survivors, but have also been critiqued for having too many restrictive rules and code of conduct. More information is needed about the impact of rules and agency policy on women seeking services in IPV residential settings. This qualitative study explored the central research question, “How do rules shape IPV residential environment and survivor experiences in services?” Twenty-five women in four programs in two states who were currently residing in IPV residential services were interviewed about their experiences. Data were analyzed using grounded theory methods. Findings indicated rules affect individual survivors’ and families’ experiences and responses in services and of healing from IPV (micro), the relationships among residents and between residents and staff (mezzo), and participants’ relationships with the agency as an institution and the help-seeking community (macro). An intriguing paradox is noted in that at their best, rules provide stability and motivation for some survivors. At their worst, rules create isolation and force exit from shelter into unsafe circumstances, causing a ripple effect of impact. Implications include the need to restructure rules and policies collaboratively with residents, and reduce the amount of rules used in services. Addressing rules will better enable IPV services to be survivor-centered and trauma-informed, ultimately increasing safety and healing.

Mastery Goal Orientation Promoting Students’ Expectancies for Success And Self-Efficacy

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gulseren SEKRETER
Keyword(s):  
Goal Orientation ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Value Theory ◽  
Achievement Goal ◽  
Central Research ◽  
The Face ◽  
Goal Motivation ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this research is to examine the impact of Achievement Goal Motivation Theory on students’expectancies for success, beliefs about ability, usefulness, importance and interest for the mathematics subject.Research asserts that possessing mastery-learning- oriented motivation has a more positive impact on students’expectancies for success, beliefs about ability, usefulness, importance and interest for mathematics. This researchapplies a quantitative method of study. Quantitative data have been analysed using Wigfield and Eccles’sExpectancy–Value Theory Achievement Questionnaire in order to assess student’s expectancies for success, abilitybeliefs and subjective task values. In the case study of a private Suleyman Sah University, Turkey, the focus of thequestionnaire has been derived from the central research question: How applications of Achievement Goal Theoryaffect students’ expectancies for success, beliefs about ability, usefulness, importance and interest for mathematics?The questionnaire was given to 40 students who were selected randomly in mathematics class. Also, in order toidentify students’ goal orientation, Elliot’s AGQ (Achievement Goal Questionnaire) was applied to those students.Their Achievement Goal motivation types were compared to their beliefs about ability, usefulness, importance andinterest for mathematics. Based on the quantitative data analysis, it was concluded that students with masterylearninggoal orientation have more expectancies for success, for them mathematics is a more useful and importantsubject, and, most importantly, they show more interest for the subject. These are very important components tobe persistent in the face of difficulties and obstacles on the way to achievement in teaching mathematics.

Vier Jaar Voorrangsbeleid Brussel

2006 ◽  
Vol 76 ◽  
pp. 49-63
Author(s):  
Mieke Devlieger ◽  
Greet Goossens
Keyword(s):  
Research Question ◽  
Evaluation Study ◽  
Language Teachers ◽  
Central Research ◽  
Teachers Perceptions ◽  
Quantitative And Qualitative Research ◽  
School Counsellors ◽  
Language And Education ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

Since the 1990's the schools in Brussels schools have had a considerable amount, sometimes 100%, of non-native speakers of Dutch who are not confronted with Dutch outside the school walls and for whom Dutch often is their third of fourth language. Teachers experience this educational setting as extremely difficult and unique. In order to structurally enhance the quality of education, the Priority Policy Brussels (PPB) was started in 2000. Its goal is to make up for pupils' learning and developmental arrears by increasing teachers' professionalism through practice- and needs-based, long-term and made-to-measure support of local school teams by expert school counsellors. The Centre for Language and Education was (in partial collaboration with the Centre for Intercultural Education from the University of Gent) appointed to conduct a longitudinal evaluation study of the PPB. Throughout various stages of quantitative and qualitative research the central research question considered the impact of the PPB on teachers' perceptions and on teachers' actions and pupils' language testing results. This article reports on this study and its (mainly positive) results.

THE NEEDS AND EXPECTATIONS OF STAFF AND STUDENTS LIVING WITH HIV AND AIDS IN A SOUTH AFRICA RURAL-BASED UNIVERSITY

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-43
Author(s):  
Azwihangwisi Mavhandu-Mudzusi
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
Central Research ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hiv Aids

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) are making an impact in institutions of higher education. Studies have revealed that though few students and staff have been recorded to be suffering from HIV/AIDS, more have become ill and some have died in ways that signal the impact of HIV/AIDS. Universities can contribute to addressing the needs and expectations of staff and students living with HIV and AIDS. The purpose of this study was to explore and describe the preparedness of a South African rural-based university in addressing the needs and expectations of staff and students living with HIV and AIDS. A qualitative study design was followed, with one South African rural-based university as the case setting. Qualitative interviews were conducted stemming from the central research question, “How is the university addressing the needs and expectations of staff and students living with HIV and AIDS?” Following an open coding method of data analysis, three themes emerged relating to how the needs and expectations of staff and students living with HIV and AIDS are addressed: persistence stigma and discrimination, limited assurance to confidentiality and, inadequate treatment, care and support. Recommendations were made for improvement of service delivery to address the needs and expectations of staff and students living with HIV and AIDS and further research should be conducted on large scale to determine other needs and expectations of SSLWHA other South African rural-based universities and how they are addressed.

Applications of Goal Theory to Teaching Mathematics

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gulseren SEKRETER ◽  
Natela DOGHONADZE
Keyword(s):  
Academic Success ◽  
Goal Orientation ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Achievement Goal ◽  
Goal Theory ◽  
Central Research ◽  
Performance Goal ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this research is to examine the impact of Achievement Goal motivation Theory on students’ academic success.  Research asserts  that possesing  mastery-learning oriented motivation has a positive impact on students’ academic achievement. This study may be useful for students, teachers and administrators in the identification of college students who are considered at risk for math failure or students who are on the verge of dropping out of college. The research applies a quantitative method of study. Quantitative data have been analyzed using Elliot’s AGQ (Achievement Goal Questionnaire). In the case study of a private Suleyman Sah University, Turkey, the focus of the AGQ has been derived from the central research question: How and why applications of Achievement Goal Theory affect students’ success in mathematics at university? In order to identify students’ goal orientation,   Elliot’s AGQ was given to 53 students who were selected randomly in math classes. Their course exam results were compared to their motivational types. Based on the quantitative  data analiysis, the research suggests that the best way to change one’s thinking during a testing situation (and hence reduce or elminate one’s anxiety) is to intentionally change one’s performance goal and performance-avoidance goal into only a mastry-learning goal

Cumulative (Dis)advantage? The Impact of Labour Market Policies on Late Career Employment from a Life Course Perspective

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
JENNY BENNETT ◽  
KATJA MÖHRING
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Early Retirement ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Life Course Perspective ◽  
Employment Protection ◽  
Central Research ◽  
Employment Protection Legislation ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Protection Legislation ◽  
The Impact

AbstractWe investigate the labour market situation of older individuals in Europe in relation to their previous employment history as well as the regulations relating to employment protection legislation and early retirement. Specifically, we look at the competing risks of early retirement and late career unemployment. The central research question is whether policy effects differ according to the characteristics of an individual's previous work history. We employ data for twelve European countries from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARELIFE) and estimate multilevel regression models. The results show different mechanisms for the risks of unemployment and early retirement. Late career unemployment results from individual factors related to fragmented careers, marginal employment and short tenures. In the case of early retirement, we find the interplay of individual and policy factors to be crucial. Persons with consistent careers have an increased probability of early retirement, but only in countries with generous early retirement benefits. However, employment protection legislation appears to counteract early retirement for this group of individuals. We conclude that policy factors do not have uniform effects for older individuals, but should rather be viewed against the background of previous developments in individual career paths.

Modeling the impact of orthographic coding on Czech–Polish and Bulgarian–Russian reading intercomprehension

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Stenger ◽  
Klára Jágrová ◽  
Andrea Fischer ◽  
Tania Avgustinova ◽  
Dietrich Klakow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computational Methods ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Conditional Entropy ◽  
Slavic Language ◽  
Central Research ◽  
Information Theoretic ◽  
Latin Script ◽  
Orthographic Coding ◽  
Reading Activity ◽  
The Impact

Focusing on orthography as a primary linguistic interface in every reading activity, the central research question we address here is how orthographic intelligibility can be measured and predicted between closely related languages. This paper presents methods and findings of modeling orthographic intelligibility in a reading intercomprehension scenario from the information-theoretic perspective. The focus of the study is on two Slavic language pairs: Czech–Polish (West Slavic, using the Latin script) and Bulgarian–Russian (South Slavic and East Slavic, respectively, using the Cyrillic script). In this article, we present computational methods for measuring orthographic distance and orthographic asymmetry by means of the Levenshtein algorithm, conditional entropy and adaptation surprisal method that are expected to predict the influence of orthography on mutual intelligibility in reading.

US-Philippines Military Relations After the Mt Pinatubo Eruption in 1991: A Disaster Diplomacy Perspective

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilan Kelman ◽  
Jean-Christophe Gaillard ◽  
Ma. Florina Orillos
Keyword(s):  
Research Question ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Central Research ◽  
Us Military ◽  
The Us ◽  
Pinatubo Eruption ◽  
Military Facilities ◽  
Military Relations ◽  
Military Diplomacy ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThis paper explores the impact of the 1991 Mt Pinatubo eruption on the US-Republic of the Philippines military relations through the lens of disaster diplomacy. Disaster diplomacy focuses on how and why disaster-related activities (e.g. mitigation, prevention and response) do and do not yield diplomatic gains, looking mainly at disaster-related activities affecting diplomacy rather than the reverse. Disaster diplomacy 'pathways', identified in previous studies, help to explain how the Filipino and US governments approached the negotiations for renewing the lease of the US military facilities in the Philippines in the context of two bases being damaged by a volcanic eruption. The paper further addresses six underpinning questions of disaster diplomacy for this case study. These questions assist in answering this paper's central research question: how much did the 1991 eruption of Mt Pinatubo influence US-Philippines military cooperation due to the concurrent diplomatic talks between the two governments regarding the lease renewal for the US bases in the Philippines? The answer is that disaster-related activities due to the Mt Pinatubo eruption had a short-term impact on US-Philippines diplomacy. This impact was seen in the context of significant connections already existing, through the long-standing US-Philippines military links. Over the long-term, non-disaster factors had a more significant impact on US-Philippines military diplomacy than Mt Pinatubo, adding to the list of case studies for which disaster diplomacy's impact was limited.

scholarly journals FACTORES FINANCIEROS DE LA ECO INNOVACIÓN EN PROCESOS Y ORGANIZACIÓN QUE IMPACTAN EN LA PRODUCTIVIDAD DEL SECTOR AGRÍCOLA DEL VALLE DE SAN QUINTÍN, BAJA CALIFORNIA, MÉXICO (FINANCIAL FACTORS OF ECO-INNOVATION IN PROCESSES AND ORGANIZATION THAT IMPACT THE PRODUCTIVITY OF THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR OF THE SAN QUINTÍN VALLEY, BAJA CALIFORNIA, MEXICO)

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (35) ◽  
Author(s):  
Imelda Cuevas Merecias ◽  
Luis Alberto Villarreal Villarreal ◽  
Maria Margarita Carrera Sanchez ◽  
Abel Partida Puente
Keyword(s):  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Baja California ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Statistical Treatment ◽  
Central Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Financial Factors ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this preliminary study is to analyze the impact of eco-innovation factors (processes and organization) that impact productivity in the agricultural sector of the San Quintín Valley, Baja California, Mexico. In this sense, the importance of these factors is defined, which contributes significantly to the productivity of the agricultural sector of these companies. Therefore, the central research question is defined. What are the financial factors of eco-innovation that impact the productivity of the agricultural sector of the San Quintín Valley, Baja California, Mexico? The data obtained was analyzed through statistical treatment using SPSS V-21 with a descriptive, correlational, cross-sectional and explanatory approach. The results obtained showed that only one variable is significant: eco-innovation in the organization has a positive relationship in the productivity of the agricultural sector of the San Quintín Valley, Baja California, Mexico.

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