scholarly journals Not only sale of wood: diversification of sources of revenues in selected european public forest enterprises

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 160-170
Author(s):  
Adam Kaliszewski ◽  
Wojciech Młynarski
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Timber Harvest ◽  
The State ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
National Forest ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Lower Saxony ◽  
Forest Enterprises

AbstractEconomic viability of forestry is one of the key pillars of sustainable forest management and a basis for maintaining forests and their multiple benefits for the society. It may be achieved by, inter alia, diversification of sources of income in forest management. The aim of the article is to analyse sources of revenues of state-owned forest enterprises (holdings) in selected European countries and ongoing changes in this respect in recent years. In the paper, we analyse the structure of revenues of state forest enterprises in Poland, Germany (with the examples of Bavaria and Lower Saxony) and Austria; however, particular attention is paid to the State Forests National Forest Holding in Poland, which is the largest state-owned forest holding in the European Union (EU) in terms of area of forests. The study is based on document content analysis methodology (desk research), including annual reports published by forest enterprises, statistical data and also legal regulations.The analysis shows that while revenues from the sale of wood are the main source of income of forest enterprises, some of them are seeking to diversify their sources of revenues. The Austrian Federal Forests can serve as an example of a good development strategy based on diversified sources of income. Also, the Lower Saxony State Forest company, which is approximately 60% dependent on the sale of wood, undertakes other activities, including real estate management, hunting and recreational services. Our study shows that both the State Forests National Forest Holding and the Bavarian State Forests Enterprise are based on timber harvest and sale to a large extent. We conclude that as regards the State Forests Holding in Poland, the possibility of expanding and diversifying commercial activities should become a subject of discussion among foresters, decision makers and politicians.

scholarly journals Realizacja wielofunkcyjnej gospodarki leśnej z wykorzystaniem funduszy europejskich przez Państwowe Gospodarstwo Leśne

2014 ◽  
pp. 103-117
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Trzciński ◽  
Piotr Leciejewski
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Development Programme ◽  
The State ◽  
National Forest ◽  
General Statement ◽  
Rural Development Programme ◽  
Direct Payments ◽  
National Programs

In the following paper the authors provide an analysis of the possibility of implementing by the State Forests National Forest Holding (PGL LP) a multifunctional, sustainable forest management based on the principles of environmental protection, co-financed from EU funds and national programs in the 2007–2013 funding perspective. The following national programs were taken into account: Regional Operational Programmes, Infrastructure and Environment Operational Programme, Rural Development Programme, European Territorial Cooperation Programme. The programmes were analysed to the extent where the State Forests units (Forest Districts, Regional Directorates of National Forest, State Forests of National Forest) were beneficiaries of financial funds. The analysis of the use of funds by the State Forests units, accompanied by a general statement and selected projects was performed. The issues related to direct payments in the study were not taken into account.

scholarly journals Analiza wybranych uwarunkowań organizacyjno-ekonomicznych w Państwowym Gospodarstwie Leśnym Lasy Państwowe

2020 ◽  
pp. 73-81
Author(s):  
Sławomir J. Snarski
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Research Area ◽  
The State ◽  
National Forest ◽  
Public Funds ◽  
Directorate General ◽  
Rational Management ◽  
Forest Act

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań mających na celu sprawdzenie, czy wydatkowanie środków będących w dyspozycji Państwowego Gospodarstwa Leśnego Lasy Państwowe (dalej: Lasy Państwowe) odpowiadało zadaniom w zakresie gospodarki leśnej nałożonym na tę instytucję na podstawie przepisów obowiązującego prawa i czy było ono uzasadnione w kontekście zasady racjonalnego gospodarowania środkami publicznymi. Badania oparto na analizie danych wtórnych zebranych przez Dyrekcję Generalną Lasów Państwowych, oficjalnych danych statystycznych, informacji pokontrolnej Najwyższej Izby Kontroli oraz literaturze obejmującej obszar badań. Wyniki badań przeprowadzonych na podstawie danych z lat 2011–2016 wykazały, że ogólna sytuacja majątkowa i finansowa Lasów Państwowych w analizowanym okresie była korzystna ze względu na fakt, że co roku wspomniana instytucja odnotowywała znaczący zysk netto. Działania realizowane przez Lasy Państwowe były zasadniczo zgodne z modelem zrównoważonej gospodarki leśnej określonym w ustawie o lasach, jednak w przypadku ponoszenia nakładów inwestycyjnych na środki trwałe niezwiązane bezpośrednio z gospodarką leśną, zasada racjonalnego zarządzania środkami publicznymi nie zawsze miała pełne zastosowanie. Stąd też rachunek ekonomiczny powinien stanowić podstawę do prowadzenia działalności inwestycyjnej przez Lasy Państwowe. Analysis of selected organizational and economic conditions in State Forests National Forest Holding This paper presents the findings of a research study targeted at verification whether the disbursement of funds at the disposal of the State Forests National Forest Holding (hereinafter: the State Forests) corresponded to the tasks in the field of forest management imposed on the institution in question under the provisions of applicable law and whether it was justifiable in the context of the principle of rational management of public funds. The research was based on the analysis of the secondary data collected by the Directorate General of the State Forests, official statistical data, post-audit information of the Supreme Audit Office and literature covering the research area. The results of research carried out on the basis of data from 2011–2016 showed that the general property and financial situation of the State Forests in the analysed period was favourable due to the fact that each year the aforementioned institution recorded a significant net profit. The activities implemented by the State Forests were in principle compatible with a model of sustainable forest management specified in the Forest Act, however in case of incurring investment outlays of fixed assets not directly related to forest management, the principle of rational management of public funds was not always fully applied. Therefore, the conscious economic calculation should constitute the basis for conducting investment activities by the State Forests.

Vom Forst zum Wald. Entwicklungstendenzen im naturnahen Waldbau | From a Production-Oriented Forest to a Multipurpose Forest. New Trends in Near-Natural Silviculture

1999 ◽  
Vol 150 (12) ◽  
pp. 484-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolf Hockenjos
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Timber Harvest ◽  
Timber Harvesting ◽  
Natural Forest ◽  
The Other ◽  
Private Forest ◽  
Wide Spread ◽  
Great Demand ◽  
The Past ◽  
Forest Enterprises

Concepts of near-natural forestry are in great demand these days. Most German forest administrations and private forest enterprises attach great importance to being as «near-natural» as possible. This should allow them to make the most of biological rationalisation. The concept of near-natural forestry is widely accepted, especially by conservationists. However, it is much too early to analyse how successful near-natural forestry has been to date, and therefore to decide whether an era of genuine near-natural forest management has really begun. Despite wide-spread recognition, near-natural forestry is jeopardised by mechanised timber harvesting, and particularly by the large-timber harvester. The risk is that machines, which are currently just one element of the timber harvest will gain in importance and gradually become the decisive element. The forest would then be forced to meet the needs of machinery, not the other way round. Forests would consequently become so inhospitable that they would bear no resemblance to the sylvan image conjured up by potential visitors. This could mean taking a huge step backwards: from a near-natural forest to a forest dominated by machinery. The model of multipurpose forest management would become less viable, and the forest would become divided into areas for production, and separate areas for recreation and ecology. The consequences of technical intervention need to be carefully considered, if near-natural forestry is not to become a thing of the past.

scholarly journals A multi-purpose National Forest Inventory in Bangladesh: design, operationalisation and key results

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matieu Henry ◽  
Zaheer Iqbal ◽  
Kristofer Johnson ◽  
Mariam Akhter ◽  
Liam Costello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Forest Management ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Forest Inventory ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
National Forest Inventory ◽  
Forest Resources ◽  
National Forest ◽  
Land Cover Map

Abstract Background National forest inventory and forest monitoring systems are more important than ever considering continued global degradation of trees and forests. These systems are especially important in a country like Bangladesh, which is characterised by a large population density, climate change vulnerability and dependence on natural resources. With the aim of supporting the Government’s actions towards sustainable forest management through reliable information, the Bangladesh Forest Inventory (BFI) was designed and implemented through three components: biophysical inventory, socio-economic survey and remote sensing-based land cover mapping. This article documents the approach undertaken by the Forest Department under the Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change to establish the BFI as a multipurpose, efficient, accurate and replicable national forest assessment. The design, operationalization and some key results of the process are presented. Methods The BFI takes advantage of the latest and most well-accepted technological and methodological approaches. Importantly, it was designed through a collaborative process which drew from the experience and knowledge of multiple national and international entities. Overall, 1781 field plots were visited, 6400 households were surveyed, and a national land cover map for the year 2015 was produced. Innovative technological enhancements include a semi-automated segmentation approach for developing the wall-to-wall land cover map, an object-based national land characterisation system, consistent estimates between sample-based and mapped land cover areas, use of mobile apps for tree species identification and data collection, and use of differential global positioning system for referencing plot centres. Results Seven criteria, and multiple associated indicators, were developed for monitoring progress towards sustainable forest management goals, informing management decisions, and national and international reporting needs. A wide range of biophysical and socioeconomic data were collected, and in some cases integrated, for estimating the indicators. Conclusions The BFI is a new information source tool for helping guide Bangladesh towards a sustainable future. Reliable information on the status of tree and forest resources, as well as land use, empowers evidence-based decision making across multiple stakeholders and at different levels for protecting natural resources. The integrated socio-economic data collected provides information about the interactions between people and their tree and forest resources, and the valuation of ecosystem services. The BFI is designed to be a permanent assessment of these resources, and future data collection will enable monitoring of trends against the current baseline. However, additional institutional support as well as continuation of collaboration among national partners is crucial for sustaining the BFI process in future.

scholarly journals Impacts of Alternative Harvesting and Natural Disturbance Scenarios on Forest Biomass in the Superior National Forest, USA

Forests ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Russell ◽  
Stephanie Patton ◽  
David Wilson ◽  
Grant Domke ◽  
Katie Frerker
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Forest Biomass ◽  
Natural Disturbance ◽  
Timber Harvest ◽  
Timber Harvesting ◽  
Volume Control ◽  
National Forest ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Natural Disturbances ◽  
Project Area

The amount of biomass stored in forest ecosystems is a result of past natural disturbances, forest management activities, and current structure and composition such as age class distributions. Although natural disturbances are projected to increase in their frequency and severity on a global scale in the future, forest management and timber harvesting decisions continue to be made at local scales, e.g., the ownership or stand level. This study simulated potential changes in natural disturbance regimes and their interaction with timber harvest goals across the Superior National Forest (SNF) in northeastern Minnesota, USA. Forest biomass stocks and stock changes were simulated for 120 years under three natural disturbance and four harvest scenarios. A volume control approach was used to estimate biomass availability across the SNF and a smaller project area within the SNF (Jeanette Project Area; JPA). Results indicate that under current harvest rates and assuming disturbances were twice that of normal levels resulted in reductions of 2.62 to 10.38% of forest biomass across the four primary forest types in the SNF and JPA, respectively. Under this scenario, total biomass stocks remained consistent after 50 years at current and 50% disturbance rates, but biomass continued to decrease under a 200%-disturbance scenario through 120 years. In comparison, scenarios that assumed both harvest and disturbance were twice that of normal levels and resulted in reductions ranging from 14.18 to 29.85% of forest biomass. These results suggest that both natural disturbances and timber harvesting should be considered to understand their impacts to future forest structure and composition. The implications from simulations like these can provide managers with strategic approaches to determine the economic and ecological outcomes associated with timber harvesting and disturbances.

scholarly journals Pan-European sustainable forest management indicators for assessing Climate-Smart Forestry in Europe

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
G. Santopuoli ◽  
C. Temperli ◽  
I. Alberdi ◽  
I. Barbeito ◽  
M. Bosela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Forest Policy ◽  
The State ◽  
Forest Damage ◽  
Tree Species Composition ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
Management Indicators ◽  
Using Data

The increasing demand for innovative forest management strategies to adapt to and mitigate climate change and benefit forest production, the so-called Climate-Smart Forestry, calls for a tool to monitor and evaluate their implementation and their effects on forest development over time. The pan-European set of criteria and indicators for sustainable forest management is considered one of the most important tools for assessing many aspects of forest management and sustainability. This study offers an analytical approach to selecting a subset of indicators to support the implementation of Climate-Smart Forestry. Based on a literature review and the analytical hierarchical approach, 10 indicators were selected to assess, in particular, mitigation and adaptation. These indicators were used to assess the state of the Climate-Smart Forestry trend in Europe from 1990 to 2015 using data from the reports on the State of Europe’s Forests. Forest damage, tree species composition, and carbon stock were the most important indicators. Though the trend was overall positive with regard to adaptation and mitigation, its evaluation was partly hindered by the lack of data. We advocate for increased efforts to harmonize international reporting and for further integrating the goals of Climate-Smart Forestry into national- and European-level forest policy making.

Towards improved forestry performance: evaluating the added value of the timber legality assurance system in Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-32
Author(s):  
S. Astana ◽  
W.F. Riva ◽  
G. Hardiyanto ◽  
H. Komarudin ◽  
A. Sukanda
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Added Value ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Public ◽  
Tropical Timber ◽  
Assurance System ◽  
Forest Law ◽  
Timber Products ◽  
The Government

Indonesia is a main tropical timber-producing country and is a leader in implementing Forest Law Enforcement, Governance and Trade Voluntary Partnership Agreements (FLEGT-VPA) with the European Union (EU). In 2015, as a part of the FLEGT-VPA process, the government began a timber legality assurance system called Sistem Verifikasi Legalitas Kayu (SVLK), which is mandatory for all timber product businesses. Since November 2016, Indonesia has issued FLEGT licenses for timber products exported to the EU. This study shows that the SVLK scheme has added value for the public in controlling timber legality, eradicating illegal logging and illegal timber trading, enhancing sustainable forest management and contributing to legal timber trading. The scheme also has added value in providing legal certainty for businesses. However, it contributes less to product marketing and its use as a standard to assess sustainable forest management needs to be evaluated.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document