scholarly journals Interaction Between the Transport Network and the Territory of Algiers (Complex System): In Search of Indicators

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-92
Author(s):  
Nour El Houda Baba Slimane ◽  
Tahar Baouni
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Transport Network ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
Efficient Tool ◽  
Input And Output ◽  
Effectiveness And Efficiency ◽  
The One ◽  
Output Indicators

Abstract In recent years and within the framework of its project “Algiers the metropolis”, Algiers has classified its transport network among its first concerns in order to compete with the other Mediterranean metropolises. However, the complexity of its territory, which is of a particular geological and geomorphological nature, represents a constraint for the proper distribution and management of its transport network. The complexity of its territory and of its transport network, leads us towards the systemic approach for the search of an adequacy between these two complex urban realities in order to find an effective and efficient tool of management and urban planning. The development of a set of indicators of sustainable mobility, as a result of this work, allowed us to find through an epistemological study of the literature on the two complex concepts to select and develop a list of Input and Output Indicators that are related to both territory and transport. Indeed, this list of sustainable mobility indicators will allow, on the one hand, in urban planning, a better match of the transport network to the Algerian territory and, on the other hand, the study of the effectiveness and efficiency of the present and future transport network.

Interrelationships between municipal spatial policy strategy and airport operation and development. Lodz Airport case study

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-79
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Nikorowicz-Zatorska
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
The Other ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Spatial Management ◽  
The One ◽  
Surrounding Areas

Abstract The present paper focuses on spatial management regulations in order to carry out investment in the field of airport facilities. The construction, upgrades, and maintenance of airports falls within the area of responsibility of local authorities. This task poses a great challenge in terms of organisation and finances. On the one hand, an active airport is a municipal landmark and drives local economic, social and cultural development, and on the other, the scale of investment often exceeds the capabilities of local authorities. The immediate environment of the airport determines its final use and prosperity. The objective of the paper is to review legislation that affects airports and the surrounding communities. The process of urban planning in Lodz and surrounding areas will be presented as a background to the problem of land use management in the vicinity of the airport. This paper seeks to address the following questions: if and how airports have affected urban planning in Lodz, does the land use around the airport prevent the development of Lodz Airport, and how has the situation changed over the time? It can be assumed that as a result of lack of experience, land resources and size of investments on one hand and legislative dissonance and peculiar practices on the other, aviation infrastructure in Lodz is designed to meet temporary needs and is characterised by achieving short-term goals. Cyclical problems are solved in an intermittent manner and involve all the municipal resources, so there’s little left to secure long-term investments.

scholarly journals The Good, the Bad and the Ugly? The Dynamic Interplay Between Educational Practice, Policy and Research

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Van Geert ◽  
Henderien Steenbeek
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
Educational Practice ◽  
The Other ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
The One ◽  
Dynamic Interplay ◽  
Interacting Components

The notion of complexity — as in “education is a complex system” — has two different meanings. On the one hand, there is the epistemic connotation, with “Complex” meaning “difficult to understand, hard to control”. On the other hand, complex has a technical meaning, referring to systems composed of many interacting components, the interactions of which lead to self organization and emergence. For agents, participating in a complex system such as education, it is important that they can reduce the epistemic complexity of the system, in order to allow them to understand the system, to accomplish their goals and to evaluate the results of their activities. We argue that understanding, accomplishing and evaluation requires the creation of simplex systems, which are praxis-based forms of representing complexity. Agents participating in the complex system may have different kinds of simplex systems governing their understanding and praxis. In this article, we focus on three communities of agents in education — educators, researchers and policymakers — and discuss characteristic features of their simplex systems. In particular, we focus on the simplex system of educational researchers, and we discuss interactions — including conflicts or incompatibilities — between their simplex systems and those of educators and policymakers. By making some of the underlying features of the educational researchers’ simplex systems more explicit – including the underlying notion of causality and the use of variability as a source of knowledge — we hope to contribute to clarifying some of the hidden conflicts between simplex systems of the communities participating in the complex system of education.

Cova da Moura: Citizenship, Neighborship, and Conflicts over Territory in Lisbon’s Periphery, 1974-2014

2020 ◽  
pp. 009614422090440
Author(s):  
Francisco J. Cuberos-Gallardo
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
The Other ◽  
Urban Policies ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Planning Models ◽  
The One

The Cova da Moura neighborhood, located in the suburbs of Lisbon, is currently facing a serious conflict between two approaches to urban planning. On one side, Portuguese state institutions are attempting to regulate an area that emerged forty years ago through illegal occupation by immigrants. On the other side, neighbors are opposing to any urban plans proposed by the Portuguese state and are demanding recognition and urban policies to protect the neighborhood’s cultural uniqueness. The article discusses in detail this conflict, which highlights two opposite territorialization planning models: the one that is built on citizens’ status, using Cartesian criteria, and the other which is based on the notion of neighbor and which relies on the idiosyncrasies of concrete experiences.

Solution or Imitation?

2019 ◽  
pp. 147-173
Author(s):  
Johannes Lenhard
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
Computer Model ◽  
Numerical Solutions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
John Von Neumann ◽  
Von Neumann ◽  
Norbert Wiener ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter distinguishes two fundamental but opposing conceptions of simulation. The first conception conceives simulations as numerical solutions of equations. The second approach does not involve the concept of solution, but takes simulation as the imitation of the behavior of a complex system by a computer model. This chapter claims that simulation modeling combines both conceptions. Large parts of the sciences involve a compromise (in one way or another) between two diverging forces. Theoretical understanding and epistemic quality stand on the one side; applicability and tractability on the other. What is interesting about simulation is the way in which a balance is achieved—that is, how the conflicting types are combined. The chapter analyzes the relationship between the simulation pioneers John von Neumann, who advocated the solution, and Norbert Wiener, who advocated the imitation concept.

scholarly journals Complementarity of island cross-sea transport links: Bridges, ferries, and mobility in Zhoushan Archipelago, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Grydehøj ◽  
Huan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Research Literature ◽  
Transport Network ◽  
The Other ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Sea Transport ◽  
Local Transport ◽  
The One ◽  
Zhoushan Archipelago ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Vast Network

Islands and archipelagos are exceptionally dependent on the nature of their transport infrastructure, with cross-sea transport links being of fundamental importance for mobility. Traditionally, the island geography research literature has engaged in a binary and oppositional understanding of the relationship between fixed links such as bridges and tunnels on the one hand and waterborne transport such as ferries on the other. The present paper uses the case of Zhoushan Archipelago (Zhejiang Province, China) to challenge this perception of fixed links and waterborne transport as inherently conflictual by showing how these distinct modes of cross-sea transport have complemented one another and fundamentally altered archipelagic mobilities. We show that even transformative transport infrastructures do not necessarily simply replace existing infrastructures but may instead add to the complexity of the local transport network. In Zhoushan Archipelago, a vast network of new and future inter-island and island-mainland road and rail bridges and tunnels are altering local industry and society as well as the relationship between the archipelago and the mainland, yet ferries remain important for transport between islands and between certain islands and the mainland. We argue that it is fruitful to consider the potential complementarity of different kinds of cross-sea transport links.

A few practical remarks on the user-friendliness of online systems

1980 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 277-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Stibic
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language ◽  
Input Data ◽  
Free Choice ◽  
The Other ◽  
User Friendliness ◽  
Output Data ◽  
Online Systems ◽  
Input And Output ◽  
The One ◽  
User Friendly

A list of general properties of a user-friendly online sys tem is presented. Unfortunately, the requirements of experi enced users on the one hand, and of the beginners or inci dental users on the other hand, are contradictory. Synonymous commands, less strictly formalized input data transformed to standardized formats by intelligent input programs, explicit as well as implicit input data, free choice between default or user's own parameters and procedures or macrocommands, can make any system more friendly even for heterogeneous user population. Similarly, flexibility of output (e.g. elo quent natural-language messages for non-experienced users and concise coded and abbreviated output for experts) im proves acceptance of the system by all users. Examples of flexible, free forms of commands, input and output data are given.

MODELING CROWD DYNAMICS FROM A COMPLEX SYSTEM VIEWPOINT

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (supp02) ◽  
pp. 1230004 ◽  
Author(s):  
NICOLA BELLOMO ◽  
BENEDETTO PICCOLI ◽  
ANDREA TOSIN
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Complex System ◽  
The Other ◽  
Living Systems ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Mathematical Structures ◽  
Crowd Dynamics ◽  
Research Perspectives ◽  
The One ◽  
Critical Overview

This paper aims at indicating research perspectives on the mathematical modeling of crowd dynamics, pointing on the one hand to insights into the complexity features of pedestrian flows and on the other hand to a critical overview of the most popular modeling approaches currently adopted in the specialized literature. Particularly, the focus is on scaling problems, namely representation and modeling at microscopic, macroscopic, and mesoscopic scales, which, entangled with the complexity issues of living systems, generate multiscale dynamical effects, such as e.g. self-organization. Mathematical structures suitable to approach such multiscale aspects are proposed, along with a forward look at research developments.

Il territorio delle organizzazioni criminali

TERRITORIO ◽  
2009 ◽  
pp. 115-118
Author(s):  
Marco Cremaschi
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Good Citizenship ◽  
Political Challenge ◽  
Urban Planning And Development ◽  
Local Policies ◽  
The One

- The criminal occupation of areas has not yet been studied by those responsible for urban planning and development. However, this is not just a question of an ethical and political challenge, criminal power and its territorial rationale pose theoretical problems and an interpretative question. If we consider forms of mafia control, the opposing positions of state and civil society seem sterile and the presumption that the latter should be called upon make up for the failings of the former appears especially excessive. Criminal presence can be interpreted as one of the forms of ‘rulelessness', regulatory redundancy, which regards institutions and society. Therefore, the entire experience of local policies centred on enhancing the value of social capital is called into question. On the one hand it becomes possible to discuss the ‘dark side' of social capital and on the other a return to legality and regulation (including urban planning regulation) appears necessary. However, an examination of the policies and urban planning policies in particular, indicates that it is far from obvious to expect that respect for rules and good citizenship practices go hand in hand.

Politiche e piani per la modernizzazione del Cairo

TERRITORIO ◽  
2009 ◽  
pp. 73-84
Author(s):  
Luca Salvetti
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Urban Models ◽  
The One ◽  
Past Experiences ◽  
Comprehensive Study ◽  
Planning Policies

- The Egyptian capital immediately appears as a case full of indications for a more comprehensive study on the alternating recourse to what might be defined as the ‘theoretical plan', as opposed to the prevailing priorities dictated by the contingencies of ‘realpolitik'. At the same time, one distinguishing feature of urban planning policies for Cairo in the second half of the twentieth century is their ambivalence. On the one hand there is the literal presentation of urban models drawn from a sort of ‘European catalogue' of past experiences. On the other hand, there is a pull towards a more profound implementation of those same schemes. Five zoom-ins on Cairo.

scholarly journals Discursos da sustentabilidade urbana

1999 ◽  
pp. 79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henri Acselrad
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Growth ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Environmental Politics ◽  
Urban Sustainability ◽  
The Other ◽  
Urban Structures ◽  
The One

A noção de sustentabilidade remete antes à lógica das práticas, em que efeitos práticos considerados desejáveis são levados a acontecer, do que ao campo do conhecimento científico, em que os conceitos são construídos para explicar o real. Aplicada ao espaço urbano, a noção de sustentabilidade tem acionado diversas representações para a gestão das cidades, desde a administração de riscos e incertezas ao incremento da “resiliência” – a capacidade adaptativa – das estruturas urbanas. O que parece organizar analiticamente o discurso da “sustentabilidade urbana” seria sua distribuição em dois campos: de um lado, aquele que privilegia uma representação técnica das cidades pela articulação da noção de sustentabilidade urbana aos “modos de gestão dos fluxos de energia e materiais associados ao crescimento urbano”; de outro, aquele que define a insustentabilidade das cidades pela queda da produtividade dos investimentos urbanos, ou seja, pela “incapacidade destes últimos acompanharem o ritmo de crescimento das demandas sociais”, o que coloca em jogo, conseqüentemente, o espaço urbano como território político. Palavras-chave: sustentabilidade; planejamento urbano; política ambiental."Discourses on Urban Sustainability" Abstract : The idea of sustainability recalls the logic of practice, where practical effects viewed as desirable are made to happen, rather than the field of scientific knowledge, where concepts are constructed to explain reality. When applied to urban space, the idea of sustainability has generated different representations and perspectives for managing cities, from the administration of risks and uncertainties to the increase of "resilience" – the adaptive capacity – of urban structures. What seems to organize analytically the discourse of "urban sustainability" is its division into two fields: on the one hand privileging a technical representation of cities by combining the notion of urban sustainability with the "modes of management of the flows of energy and materials associated with urban growth"; on the other hand defining the unsustainability of cities by the drop in productivity of urban investments, that is, by the "incapacity of the latter to keep up with the rate of growth of social demands", which consequently places urban space in jeopardy as a political territory. Keywords: sustainability, urban planning, environmental politics.

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