scholarly journals Sentential operators – their interaction (with vectors of time, causality and epistemic relevance) and their constructions

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-212
Author(s):  
František Gahér
Keyword(s):  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Functional Approach ◽  
Complex Sentence ◽  
Semantic Approach ◽  
Specific Content ◽  
Epistemic Goal ◽  
Specific Meaning ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient ◽  
Compound Sentence

AbstractThe paper starts by briefly describing the so‐called truth‐functional approach to sentential operators, typical to logic, as opposed to the more multi‐faceted approach of linguistics. The latter reflects the more complex, substantial relations between the contents of utterances, emphasizing the logico‐semantical relations and functions of sentential operators. However, as an alternative to the pragmatically inclined critique of the truth‐functional approach, the paper proposes two possible directions of explaining the specific content of sentential operators by virtue of which they transcend the role of mere truth functions. Firstly, the paper summarizes our previous investigations into the interactions between sentential operators and (1) the vector of the course of events described by a compound sentence, and (2) the direction of grammatical time captured by a compound sentence. The paper focuses on how this interaction is coordinated with the particular epistemic goal (prediction, explanation etc.) pursued when using the meaning of a complex sentence. Using the concepts of necessary and sufficient conditions, and by characterizing the vectors of condition (the if‐vector), time and relevance (dominance or the epistemic vector), the paper demarcates the rules of correspondence for conditional operators as cases of combinatorics, as described by some linguists. Secondly, based on a distinction between different constructions the same operators as truth‐functions, the paper provides a logico‐semantical explanation of the specific meaning of the else, unless and although connectives, traditionally discussed by linguists. We believe that the extensions proposed here move the camp defending a logico‐semantic approach to sentential operators at least somewhat closer to the camp of linguistic investigation.

Rado's theorem for polymatroids

1975 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin J. H. McDiarmid
Keyword(s):  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Rank Function ◽  
Fundamental Importance ◽  
Matroid Theory ◽  
Continuous Analogue ◽  
Finite Set ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient ◽  
Transversal Theory

The theorem of R. Rado (12) to which I refer by the name ‘Rado's theorem for matroids’ gives necessary and sufficient conditions for a family of subsets of a finite set Y to have a transversal independent in a given matroid on Y. This theorem is of fundamental importance in both transversal theory and matroid theory (see, for example, (11)). In (3) J. Edmonds introduced and studied ‘polymatroids’ as a sort of continuous analogue of a matroid. I start this paper with a brief introduction to polymatroids, emphasizing the role of the ‘ground-set rank function’. The main result is an analogue for polymatroids of Rado's theorem for matroids, which I call not unnaturally ‘Rado's theorem for polymatroids’.

scholarly journals The Oscillation of a Class of the Fractional-Order Delay Differential Equations

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Qianli Lu ◽  
Feng Cen
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equations ◽  
Fractional Order ◽  
Delay Differential Equations ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Constant Coefficients ◽  
Delay Differential ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient

Several oscillation results are proposed including necessary and sufficient conditions for the oscillation of fractional-order delay differential equations with constant coefficients, the sufficient or necessary and sufficient conditions for the oscillation of fractional-order delay differential equations by analysis method, and the sufficient or necessary and sufficient conditions for the oscillation of delay partial differential equation with three different boundary conditions. For this,α-exponential function which is a kind of functions that play the same role of the classical exponential functions of fractional-order derivatives is used.

scholarly journals On holomorphic flows on Stein surfaces: Transversality, dicriticalness and stability

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 1450093
Author(s):  
T. Ito ◽  
B. Scárdua ◽  
Y. Yamagishi
Keyword(s):  
Vector Field ◽  
Periodic Orbit ◽  
Finite Number ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
First Integral ◽  
Holomorphic Vector Field ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient ◽  
Holonomy Map

We study the classification of the pairs (N, X) where N is a Stein surface and X is a ℂ-complete holomorphic vector field with isolated singularities on N. We describe the role of transverse sections in the classification of X and give necessary and sufficient conditions on X in order to have N biholomorphic to ℂ2. As a sample of our results, we prove that N is biholomorphic to ℂ2 if H2(N, ℤ) = 0, X has a finite number of singularities and exhibits a singularity with three separatrices or, equivalently, a singularity with first jet of the form [Formula: see text] where λ1/λ2 ∈ ℚ+. We also study flows with many periodic orbits (i.e. orbits diffeomorphic to ℂ*), in a sense we will make clear, proving they admit a meromorphic first integral or they exhibit some special periodic orbit, whose holonomy map is a non-resonant nonlinearizable diffeomorphism map.

Perceived value, satisfaction and future intentions in sport services

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 566-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Alguacil ◽  
Juan Núñez-Pomar ◽  
Carlos Pérez-Campos ◽  
Vicente Prado-Gascó
Keyword(s):  
Linear Models ◽  
Qualitative Comparative Analysis ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Perceived Value ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Brand Trust ◽  
Predictive Capability ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze the role of brand-related variables as congruence and brand trust on the traditional model formed by perceived quality, perceived value (PV) and satisfaction, in order to compare predictive models for the variables of PV, satisfaction and future intentions of 683 users of sports services. Design/methodology/approach The analysis has been carried out using two different methodologies. First, three models have been proposed to be analyzed by hierarchical regression models, in order to subsequently propose a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to verify the existence or not of necessary and sufficient conditions. Findings The results indicate that both the classic service variables and the elements related to the brand significantly predict PV, satisfaction and future intentions, in some cases with greater predictive weight being given to congruence and trust than the classic service variables. In addition, linear models have been shown to improve their predictive capability by including brand-related variables, especially the future intentions model. After the fsQCA, congruence and trust have proved to be sufficient combinations to achieve high levels of PV and future intentions, while this is not the case for satisfaction. Originality/value The importance of the aspects related to the brand, either on their own or in combination with the classic service variables, is demonstrated, contributing to the literature on brand image in sports services, which is practically non-existent.

scholarly journals Theory of multi-species electrophoresis in the presence of surface conduction

2016 ◽  
Vol 472 (2186) ◽  
pp. 20150661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Supreet Singh Bahga ◽  
Romir Moza ◽  
Mayank Khichar
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Solutions ◽  
Electric Double Layer ◽  
Method Of Characteristics ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Propagation Speed ◽  
Rarefaction Waves ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient ◽  
Electrophoretic Transport ◽  
Surface Conduction

Electrophoresis techniques are characterized by concentration disturbances (or waves) propagating under the effect of an electric field. These techniques are usually performed in microchannels where surface conduction through the electric double layer (EDL) at channel walls is negligible compared with bulk conduction. However, when electrophoresis techniques are integrated in nanochannels, shallow microchannels or charged porous media, surface conduction can alter bulk electrophoretic transport. The existing mathematical models for electrophoretic transport in multi-species electrolytes do not account for the competing effects of surface and bulk conduction. We present a mathematical model of multi-species electrophoretic transport incorporating the effects of surface conduction on bulk ion-transport and provide a methodology to derive analytical solutions using the method of characteristics. Based on the analytical solutions, we elucidate the propagation of nonlinear concentration waves, such as shock and rarefaction waves, and provide the necessary and sufficient conditions for their existence. Our results show that the presence of surface conduction alters the propagation speed of nonlinear concentration waves and the composition of various zones. Importantly, we highlight the role of surface conduction in formation of additional shock and rarefaction waves which are otherwise not present in conventional electrophoresis.

scholarly journals Relationship of Algebraic Theories to Powerset Theories and Fuzzy Topological Theories for Lattice-Valued Mathematics

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 1-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. E. Rodabaugh
Keyword(s):  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Algebraic Theory ◽  
Fuzzy Topology ◽  
New Class ◽  
Algebraic Theories ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Topological Theories ◽  
Fixed Basis

This paper deals with a broad question—to what extent is topology algebraic—using two specific questions: (1) what are the algebraic conditions on the underlying membership lattices which insure that categories for topology and fuzzy topology are indeed topological categories; and (2) what are the algebraic conditions which insure that algebraic theories in the sense of Manes are a foundation for the powerset theories generating topological categories for topology and fuzzy topology? This paper answers the first question by generalizing the Höhle-Šostak foundations for fixed-basis lattice-valued topology and the Rodabaugh foundations for variable-basis lattice-valued topology using semi-quantales; and it answers the second question by giving necessary and sufficient conditions under which certain theories—the very ones generating powerset theories generating (fuzzy) topological theories in the sense of this paper—are algebraic theories, and these conditions use unital quantales. The algebraic conditions answering the second question are much stronger than those answering the first question. The syntactic benefits of having an algebraic theory as a foundation for the powerset theory underlying a (fuzzy) topological theory are explored; the relationship between these two specific questions is discussed; the role of pseudo-adjoints is identified in variable-basis powerset theories which are algebraically generated; the relationships between topological theories in the sense of Adámek-Herrlich-Strecker and topological theories in the sense of this paper are fully resolved; lower-image operators introduced for fixed-basis mathematics are completely described in terms of standard image operators; certain algebraic theories are given which determine powerset theories determining a new class of variable-basis categories for topology and fuzzy topology using new preimage operators; and the theories of this paper are undergirded throughout by several extensive inventories of examples.

SPROUSE'S WHAT-YOU-MAY-CALL-ITS: FUNDAMENTAL INSIGHT OR MONUMENTAL MISTAKE?

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudipta Basu ◽  
Gregory B. Waymire
Keyword(s):  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Security Analysis ◽  
Financial Analysts ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
Accounting Systems ◽  
Fundamental Insight ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient

We critically evaluate Sprouse's 1966 Journal of Accountancy article, which prodded the FASB towards a balance-sheet approach. We highlight three errors in this article. First, Sprouse confuses necessary and sufficient conditions by arguing that good accounting systems must satisfy the balance-sheet equation. Second, Sprouse's insinuation that financial analysts rely on balance-sheet analysis is contradicted by contemporary and current security-analysis textbooks, analysts' written reports, and interviews with analysts. Third, and most crucially, Sprouse does not recognize that the primary role of accounting systems is to help managers discover and exploit profitable exchange opportunities, without which firms cannot survive.

On Bounded and Compact Composition Operators in Polydiscs

1990 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 869-889 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Jafari
Keyword(s):  
Carleson Measure ◽  
Composition Operators ◽  
Bergman Spaces ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Extensive Study ◽  
Weighted Bergman Spaces ◽  
Carleson Measures ◽  
Angular Derivatives ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient

Recently MacCluer and Shapiro [6] have characterized the compact composition operators in Hardy and weighted Bergman spaces of the disc, and MacCluer [5] has made an extensive study of these opertors in the unit ball of Cn. Angular derivatives and Carleson measures have played an essential role in these studies. In this article we study composition operators in poly discs and characterize those operators which are bounded or compact in Hardy and weighted Bergman spaces. In addition to Carleson measure theorems resembling those of [5], [6], we give necessary and sufficient conditions satisfied by the maps inducing bounded or compact composition operators. We conclude by considering the role of angular derivatives on the compactness question explicitly.

scholarly journals Extensions of orthomorphisms

1980 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. W. Wickstead
Keyword(s):  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Riesz Space ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Linear Operators ◽  
Sufficient Condition ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient

AbstractWe consider, on an Archimedean Riesz space, the spaces of all linear operators lying between two multiples of the identity (for the order), those leaving all ideals invariant and the order bounded orthomorphisms. We find, if E is uniformly complete, necessary and sufficient conditions for all such operators defined on sublattices of E to extend to the whole of E. Examples are given to show the role of uniform completeness. For the space of all orthomorphisms we give a sufficient condition on E for such an extension to exist.

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