scholarly journals The Major Biological Approaches in the Integrated Pest Management of Onion Thrips, Thrips Tabaci (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wondimagegn Atilaw Woldemelak
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Plant Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Thrips Tabaci ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Onion Thrips ◽  
Nontarget Species ◽  
Polyphagous Insect ◽  
Wilt Virus

AbstractThrips tabaci Lindeman is a cosmopolitan and polyphagous insect pest. It is known worldwide and recorded on more than 300 plant species. T. tabaci is a key pest of onion and several other crops, and its control is vital to the production and profitability of crops. If onion thrips population is not controlled, damage can reduce yield volume and quality. In addition to direct damage to the host plants, T. tabaci has been characterized as an asymptomatic vector of three devastating tospovirus species, such as Tomato spotted wilt virus, Iris yellow spot virus, and Tomato yellow ring virus. For this reason, several synthetic insecticides were used for control. However, these insecticides bring unwanted effects, like pesticide resistance, elimination of nontarget species, environmental pollution, and threats to human health. To solve the negative consequences of insecticides, biopesticides, such as plant secondary metabolites, entomopathogenic viruses, bacteria, fungi, and nematodes, have been recognized as effective alternatives. The use of plant-based insecticides and entomopathogenic control methods gained more attention in integrated pest management. Their strong side is lack of residues, saving beneficial insects and minimizing air and water pollution. Plant-derived compounds and entomopathogenic biological control agents offered a variety of biological modes of actions against onion thrips, such as repellency, feeding deterrence, anti-oviposition, fecundity deterrence, metamorphosis inhibition, and parasiting the host’s body.

scholarly journals Towards integrated pest management of Thrips tabaci in onions

2002 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 188-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.J. Workman ◽  
N.A. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Thrips Tabaci ◽  
Small Field ◽  
Onion Thrips ◽  
Entomogenous Fungi ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Field Plots ◽  
Selective Insecticide

Populations of onion thrips Thrips tabaci and their natural enemies were monitored in small field plots of onions to which standard insecticide (methamidophos endosulfan and chlorpyrophos) selective insecticide (imidacloprid and spinosad) organic (YR015) insecticide or no insecticide treatments were applied The mean number of thrips per plant was kept below 12 in the standard and selective treatments The numbers of thrips in the organic and no insecticide treatments were comparable reaching over 60 thrips per plant This resulted in increased plant damage and shorter leaves High rainfall in 200102 coincided with a reduction in thrips numbers in untreated plots which peaked at 70 thrips per plant compared with nearly 500 thrips per plant in the drier 200001 season Natural enemies observed in the unsprayed and organic treatments included Ceranisius menes Aeolothrips fasciatum Buchananiella whitei syphids and entomogenous fungi None of these natural enemies increased sufficiently to provide effective thrips control No natural enemies were found in the standard or selective insecticide treated plots

scholarly journals Biological parameters of onion thrips, Thrips tabaci Lindeman on onion cultivars

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maher Ahmed Moraiet ◽  
Mohammad Shafiq Ansari ◽  
Rabiya Basri
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Life Tables ◽  
Thrips Tabaci ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Biological Parameters ◽  
Onion Thrips

Abstract Biological parameters of the onion thrips, Thrips tabaci Lindeman were studied on the following onion (Allium cepa L.) cultivars: Nasik Red Plus N-53, Onion Dr-301 (Krishna), Onion White, and Nasik Red, at 25±1°C and 65±5% RH. Significant (p < 0.05) differences were found in the life stages and fertility life tables on different cultivars except in the pupal stages. More information about the biological parameters of T. tabaci on onion cultivars can help in designing Integrated Pest Management programs for onion thrips.

scholarly journals Effects of Different Water Regimes and Spacing on Insect Pest Infestation and Efficacy of Control Measures in Cucumber (Cucumis sativus)

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
A. A. Oso ◽  
G. O. Awe
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Pest Control ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Cultural Control ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Pest Infestation ◽  
And Control

Aim: Information on the influence of water availability during different seasons of rainfed or irrigated agriculture as it relates to insect pest population build-up in crops could assist in the development of integrated pest management. A study was therefore conducted to investigate effects of spacing, pest infestation and control on cucumber under rainfed and irrigated conditions. Place and Duration of Study: At the Teaching and Research Farm, Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria during the 2016/2017 rainy and dry seasons. Methodology: The experiment was laid out using randomized complete block design (RCBD) in a split-plot arrangement in five replications, with spacing (60 x 60 cm, 60 x 90 cm and 60 x 120 cm) as the main plot treatments and the sub-plot treatments were different pest control strategies. The pest control strategies include synthetic insecticide (Lambda-cyhalothrin), botanical insecticide (Anogeissus leiocarpus) and control. Growth parameters and yield attributes were recorded. Insect pest occurrence, their build-up and percentage infestation on cucumber and the efficacy of the management strategies were monitored. Results: The results showed that yield was enhanced in irrigated system with the widest spacing of 60 x 120 cm botanical treatment interaction. Bemisia tabaci was the most prominent insect pest attacking cucumber under irrigated system. Conclusion: Other cultural control practices such as the use of trap crops with little or no financial implication should also be added to botanical pesticides as an integrated pest management tactic for effective management and control of the pest.

scholarly journals Managing Onion Thrips can Limit Bacterial Stalk and Leaf Necrosis in Michigan Onion Fields

Plant Disease ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (5) ◽  
pp. 938-943 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. Grode ◽  
E. Brisco-McCann ◽  
P. Wiriyajitsonboom ◽  
M. K. Hausbeck ◽  
Z. Szendrei
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Thrips Tabaci ◽  
Onion Thrips ◽  
Leaf Necrosis ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Thrips Population ◽  
Reduce Disease Severity

Onion thrips (Thrips tabaci) is a major insect pest of onion and it has been identified as a likely vector of Pantoea agglomerans (bacterial stalk and leaf necrosis), a relatively new pathogen to Michigan’s onion industry. Our objective was to develop an integrated insect and disease management program by examining the efficacy of bactericides and insecticides alone and in combination to limit bacterial stalk and leaf necrosis caused by P. agglomerans. We also examined the association of onion thrips and disease incidence in the field, because thrips are known to transmit this pathogen. In the pesticide trial, insecticides reduced both thrips abundance and bacterial stalk and leaf necrosis incidence whereas bactericides alone did not reduce disease severity. Positive correlations among thrips population density, numbers of thrips positive for P. agglomerans, and bacterial stalk and leaf necrosis incidence in onion fields were determined. This study suggests that onion thrips feeding can facilitate the development of bacterial stalk and leaf necrosis in Michigan’s commercial onion fields, and results from the pesticide trials indicate that thrips feeding damage is positively correlated with disease incidence. Therefore, in order to reduce bacterial stalk and leaf necrosis incidence in onion, management efforts should include reducing onion thrips populations through the use of insecticides and other cultural practices.

scholarly journals Ten years of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) at the Kunsthistorisches Museum in Wien

2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascal Querner ◽  
Michaela Morelli ◽  
Elke Oberthaler ◽  
Monica Strolz ◽  
Katja Schmitz Von Ledebur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Fine Arts ◽  
Pest Monitoring ◽  
Monitoring Programs ◽  
Starch Paste ◽  
Stegobium Paniceum ◽  
Tineola Bisselliella

The Kunsthistorisches Museum Wien is one of the largest fine arts collections worldwide, comprising the Kunsthistorisches Museum, the Austrian Theater Museum, the Museum of Ethnology, all placed in Vienna, and Schlo&szlig; Ambras in Tirol. We present results from up to 10 years of insect pest monitoring in different collections and the implementation of an Integrated Pest Management (IPM) concept. The Kunsthistorisches Museum was the first museum in Vienna to introduce such a concept. We also present specific insect pest problems such as a biscuit beetle (<em>Stegobium paniceum</em>) infestation of paintings lined with starch paste backings (linings) or the webbing clothes moth (<em>Tineola bisselliella</em>) infestation at the Museum of Carriages, both repeatedly occurring problems in the museum. With the help of the insect pest monitoring programs, these and other problems were found and the infested objects treated, usually with anoxia (nitrogen).

Cotton Insect Pest Control

1989 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 169-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Matthews
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Pest Control ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Insect Pest Control ◽  
Great Economic Importance

Despite competition from other natural and man-made fibres cotton remains the world's most important textile, of great economic importance in many of the countries in which it is grown. It is prone to a number of pests which reduce yield and the control of these presents many problems. While integrated pest management can solve many of these, some use of insecticides cannot be avoided.

scholarly journals Monitoring onion crops for onion thrips Thrips tabaci

2006 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 69-74
Author(s):  
N.A. Martin ◽  
P.J. Workman ◽  
D. Hedderley
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Thrips Tabaci ◽  
Sampling Strategies ◽  
Onion Thrips ◽  
Before And After

Onion thrips Thrips tabaci (Thysanoptera Thripidae) is the main insect pest on New Zealand onions The onion industry recommends monitoring 50 or 100 plants in 10 or 20 groups of 5 plants and applying a cluster of insecticides when populations reach 01 thrips/plant The robustness of these guidelines was tested by monitoring six crops before and after the first cluster of insecticides Two people each recorded the numbers of adult and larval thrips in each crop on each occasion using the following strategies (1) 100 randomly stratified plants (2) 20 groups of five plants randomly selected from 1 m2 and (3) 20 groups of five adjacent plants giving a total of 300 plants sampled When sampling 100 plants estimates of thrips/plant were similar for each of the three sampling strategies However to obtain a particular level of precision fewer plants could be sampled using stratified randomly selected plants than groups of five plants

scholarly journals Distribution et dégâts associés au thrips de l’oignon, Thrips tabaci L. (Thysanoptera : Thripidae) en fonction de la zone agro-climatique au Burkina Faso

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 2037-2048
Author(s):  
Abdoulaye Savadogo ◽  
Boniface Babo Bakouan ◽  
Mathieu Wendnéyidé Sawadogo ◽  
Karim Nébié ◽  
Rémy Dabiré ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Average Density ◽  
Thrips Tabaci ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Onion Thrips ◽  
Average Annual Temperature ◽  
Average Annual Rainfall ◽  
Plateau Central

L’oignon est le premier légume produit au Burkina Faso. Thrips tabaci constitue son principal insecte ravageur. Ce travail avait pour objectif  d’évaluer la distribution, l’incidence et la sévérité des attaques de T. tabaci sur l’oignon. L’étude a été réalisée dans trois bassins de production  représentatifs de deux zones agroécologiques du Burkina Faso : la zone sahélienne caractérisée par une pluviosité moyenne annuelle inférieure à 600 mm et une température moyenne annuelle de 35 °C ; contre une pluviosité moyenne annuelle comprise entre 600 et 900 mm et une  température moyenne annuelle de 33 °C pour la zone nord soudanienne Nous avons réalisé des prospections dans 45 parcelles paysannes dans les zones de production ciblées. Des plantes d’oignon ont été prélevées dans trois quadrats posés sur une des diagonales de chaque parcelle, et les thrips trouvés sur chaque plante de chaque quadrat comptés. Tous les plants à l’intérieur du quadrat ont été donc observés. La densité moyenne la plus élevée (216 ±385 thrips au m2) a été observée dans la région du Nord tandis que l’incidence moyenne la plus élevée (95,91±8,92%) a été observée dans la Boucle du Mouhoun. La plus faible sévérité (19,29±13,27%) a été enregistrée dans le Plateau central. Cette étude est un premier pas vers le développement de stratégies alternatives de lutte contre les parasites dans le cadre de systèmes de production végétale durables à l’aide de bonnes pratiques agricoles et de l’utilisation des pesticides biologiques.Mots clés : Oignon, Thrips tabaci, incidence, sévérité, répartition, Burkina Faso.   English Title: Distribution and damage associated with the onion thrips, Thrips tabaci L. (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) according to the agro-climatic zone in Burkina FasoOnion is the first vegetable produced in Burkina Faso. Thrips tabaci is its main insect pest. We assessed the distribution, incidence and severity of T. tabaci attacks on onion in three-production areas representative of two agroecological zones of Burkina Faso: the the Sahelian zone characterized by an average annual rainfall of less than 600 mm and an average annual temperature of 35 °C; compared to an average annual rainfall of between 600 and 900 mm and an average annual temperature of 33 °C for the northern Sudanian zone. We carried out surveys in 45 farmer plots in the targeted production zones. Thus, onion plants were taken from three quadrats placed on one of the diagonals of each plot, and the thrips found on each plant were counted. All plants within the quadrat were therefore observed. The highest average density (216±385 thrips per m²) was observed in the North while the highest average incidence (95.91±8.92%) was observed in the Boucle du Mouhoun. The lowest severity (19.29±13.27%) was recorded in the Plateau central region. This study is a first step towards the development of alternative pest control strategies within sustainable crop production systems using good agricultural practices and the use of biopesticides.Keywords: Onion, Thrips tabaci, incidence, severity, distribution, Burkina Faso.

scholarly journals Screening of Genotypes against Major Sucking Insect- Pests of Mothbean [Vigna aconitifolia] in Arid Region

2021 ◽  
pp. 80-88
Author(s):  
K. L. Naga ◽  
A. R. Naqvi ◽  
B. L. Naga ◽  
H. L. Deshwal ◽  
L. Jhumar
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Management Programme ◽  
Natural Resistance ◽  
Vigna Aconitifolia ◽  
Randomized Block Design

Aim: Some genotypes of mothbean were screened for their comparative preference against jassids, whiteflies and thrips. Materials and Methods: The experiment was laid out during Kharif season in Randomized Block Design with three Replications. Ten genotypes (viz., RMO-225, RMO-40, RMO-423, RMO-435, RMO-257, RMO-25, RMO-141, RMO-20-36, RMO-04-01-28 and RMO-28-80) were screened against major sucking insect pests which were replicated thrice. Observations: The observations were recorded after two weeks of sowing at weekly intervals after two weeks of sowing. The pest populations were recorded on five randomly selected and tagged plants per plot in early hours when insect have minimum activity. Results: The data revealed that none of the genotypes ware found free from sucking insect pest attack. On the basis of peak population, the genotypes RMO-25 and RMO-141 were categorized as least preferred to jassids, whiteflies and thrips, whereas, RMO-435, RMO-225 and RMO-04-01-28 as highly preferred to jassids and whiteflies and RMO-435, RMO-225 and RMO-257 as highly resistant to thrips. Conclusion: It is well known that certain genotypes of crops are less attacked by a specific insect-pest than others because of natural resistance. In the integrated pest management programme, growing of varieties (RMO-25 and RMO-141) with less preference to sucking insect-pests is one of the most important tools without additional cost.

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