scholarly journals Optimization of irrigation cropping pattern by using linear programming: Case study on irrigation area of Parsanga, Madura Island, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pitojo T. Juwono ◽  
Lily Montarcih Limantara ◽  
Fathor Rosiadi
Keyword(s):  
Linear Programming ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Agricultural Product ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Optimization Analysis ◽  
Cropping Patterns ◽  
Irrigation Area ◽  
Maximum Benefit ◽  
Production Benefit

AbstractThe irrigation area of Parsanga is located in Sumenep Regency, Madura Island of Indonesia. This irrigation area is 500 ha and the existing cropping pattern is paddy–paddy–second crop. There is water discharge deficiency due to the existing cropping pattern mainly in the dry season. Thus, this study intends to optimize the cropping pattern for 3 condition so that it can produce the maximum benefit of agricultural product. The first cropping pattern is paddy/second crop–second crop–paddy/second crop; the second proposition is paddy/second crop –paddy/second crop–second crop; and the third proposition is paddy–second crop–paddy/second crop. The optimization analysis is carried out by using the linear programming. The suggested three cropping patterns are not only able to solve the water deficiency; they can also present the more production benefit than the existing condition.

scholarly journals Evaluation of surface water for agricultural irrigation in Lobalain District, Rote Ndao Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 930 (1) ◽  
pp. 012057
Author(s):  
R R Riady ◽  
W Wilopo ◽  
I W Warmada
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Irrigation ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Cropping Patterns ◽  
Irrigation Area ◽  
Rice Productivity

Abstract The average rice productivity of the Rote Ndao Regency is still below the national rice productivity. The cropping pattern’s lack of management and limited water sources can only be planted once a year. This study aims to determine the availability and quality of surface water used for irrigation with the existing rice-corn-fallow cropping pattern. The research was carried out by measuring discharge in the field, surveying the types and cropping patterns, irrigation area research, surface water quality analysis, and hydrological analysis. The results showed that the need for irrigation water for agriculture in the study area with the current cropping pattern was 0.84 lt/second/ha. Therefore, the existing irrigation area of ±3,762.00 Ha requires a water discharge of ±3.159 m3/second. The availability of surface water in the Lobalain District is low, with a discharge of ±1.598 m3/second. Surface water quality shows the percentage of sodium (Na%) dominated by excellent to permissible class, and the sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) excellent. The existing resource of surface water could not support agricultural irrigation. Therefore, it is necessary to find an alternative water source such as groundwater.

Impact of Optimal Cropping Patterns on Incomes in a Punjab District

1976 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-221
Author(s):  
M. Arshad Chaudhry
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Linear Programming ◽  
Short Note ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Small Farms ◽  
Cropping Patterns ◽  
Punjab Province ◽  
Optimal Cropping

To improve farm incomes in developing countries, the foremost question that the farmer must address himself to is: what cropping pattern best uses the fixed resources in order to get the highest returns? During the last decade, the agricultural economists have shown great interest in applying the tools of linear programming to individual farms. Most of the studies conducted elsewhere have shown that, under existing cropping pattern, farm resources were not being utilized optimally on the small farms.[l, 4]. We conducted a survey in the canal-irrigated areas of the Punjab province of Pakistan1 to investigate into the same problem. This short note aims at identifying the opti¬mal cropping pattern and to estimate the increase in farm incomes as a result of a switch towards it on the sampled farms.

scholarly journals Optimization of irrigation water use to increase the benefit of agricultural products

2018 ◽  
Vol 159 ◽  
pp. 01026
Author(s):  
Edy Anto Soentoro ◽  
Erlangga Perwira ◽  
Yadi Suryadi ◽  
Winskayati
Keyword(s):  
Linear Programming ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Irrigation Water Use ◽  
Maximum Benefit ◽  
Planting Method

Shortage of irrigation water supply in dry season prevents many farmers from growing their crops, and the annual benefit from agricultural products will decrease as much as the area of irrigation fields which have lack of water. The objective of this study is to determine the maximum benefit from agricultural products based on water availability, by determining the appropriate cropping pattern and maximum planting areas through linear programming. The case-study location is at Leuwi Kuya Irrigation Region. Planting schedule is selected based on minimum water shortage from simulation of 6 alternative planting schedules. Then, the best pattern of cropping (planting method and the total area) is determined using linear programming. Optimization is carried out in 3 scenarios with various planting methods (conventional and SRI), minimum irrigation water demand (class-area system), and schedule for beginning of the 3-growing seasons annually. Result of this study is the optimal area of the irrigated region that can be planted based on the water availability. The maximum benefit is 89 billion rupiahs, using SRI planting method and distribution of three groups of irrigation fields in water supply schedule.

scholarly journals Studi Peningkatan Intensitas Luas Dan Pola Tanam Pada Daerah Irigasi Krueng Jreue

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-149
Author(s):  
Faisal Faisal ◽  
Alfiansyah Yulianu ◽  
Ella Mailianda
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Cropping Intensity ◽  
Cropping Patterns ◽  
Irrigation Area ◽  
Discharge Water ◽  
Cropping Season ◽  
Rice Area ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Crop Area

Krueng Jreue irrigation area is one of the oldest irrigation in Aceh Besar district, located in the District of Indrapuri, was inaugurated in 1972 by President Soeharto. Rice area irrigated by this irrigation is 4277.6 ha. Jreue Krueng irrigated areas have rice-rice cropping intensity of plants ranging from 158% to 156%. The intensity of these plants are still below the expected crop intensity, is equal to 200%. To increase the intensity of these plants, it is necessary to study the increased intensity of Krueng Jreue tanamana irrigation area by selecting the appropriate alternative cropping patterns according to the water balance. This study aims to determine the amount of discharge mainstay available on the weir, know the size of the crop water requirement for each alternative, determine optimal crop area that can be irrigated by water that is available, and conduct studies on water balance based cropping planned. Expected to describe the water balance of alternative cropping patterns were obtained. The method used in this research including data collection and data analysis to determine the mainstay discharge, water irrigation, cropping pattern and cropping intensity. The study results obtained by the intensity of the plants can reach 200% by the water supply system using the technical rotation irrigation area is divided into two groups. The first type, cropping season from October period to 2. The second class of the cropping season from November to 2.

scholarly journals Studi Optimasi Pola Tanam Daerah Irigasi Gong Gang Kecamatan Parang Kabupaten Magetan

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Ernawan Setyono ◽  
Safik Mucharom
Keyword(s):  
Linear Programming ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Water Requirements ◽  
Cropping Intensity ◽  
Cropping Patterns ◽  
Optimization Study ◽  
Planting Season

Along with the increasing population growth, the need for food also increased. To meet that need for optimization studies of the factors that influence spatial patterns of planting in order to increase the volume of food production. Determination of the cropping pattern that will be used after the first known dependable flow and water requirements. Through the design cropping pattern is expected cropping intensity can be enhanced and existing water sources can be used optimally. linear programming used in this optimization study using QM for Windows 4 software. The most optimal results from the optimization that has been done is an alternative was began on November  cropping patterns : rice-palawija-sugarcane season crops beginning 1st week of November, profits amounted to Rp 106.729.700.000 to the area that can be cultivated for the planting season I: Rice = 1990 ha, palawija = 307 ha sugarcane = 89 ha, planting season II: Rice = 1990 ha, palawija = 307 ha sugarcane = 89 ha, and planting season III:  Rice = 258,2753 ha Palawija = 2038,725 ha, sugarcane = 89 ha

scholarly journals Climate change and socio-ecological transformation in high mountains: an empirical study of Garhwal Himalaya

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishwambhar Prasad Sati
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Garhwal Himalaya ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Land Capability ◽  
Cropping Patterns ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Secondary Sources

AbstractMountain regions are highly vulnerable to climate change, as they are ecologically fragile, tectonically and seismically active, and geologically sensitive. The main objectives of this study are to examine socio-ecological transformations and to illustrate the major driving forces - climate change, education and waves of modern civilization - in the Garhwal Himalaya. Data on socio-ecological systems and their patterns of change were accumulated from primary and secondary sources and through participatory rural appraisal. We present a case study where household level surveys were conducted in two villages. A total of 37 households were surveyed. Additionally, marginal farmers and extension workers were interviewed. Questions on population, migration, cropping pattern and livestock were answered by the head of the surveyed households. Population size was decreasing due to out-migration. The whole Garhwal region experienced 15.3% out-migration, while migration from the two villages was observed at 50% during the period 1990-2014. Similarly, changes in land use and cropping patterns and in the livestock population were observed. There was a decrease in the extent of land under cereals (24%) and fruits (79%), a decrease in fruit production (75%), and a decrease in the number of livestock (76%). Climate change was observed as a major driver of the decrease in production and productivity of cereals and fruits, leading to land abandonment. Education, on the other hand, was a major driver of out-migration. Further, extreme events through climate change happened more frequently and changed the landscape. This study reveals that an increase in infrastructural facilities to create jobs and sustainable land management can control out-migration and can enhance land capability.

scholarly journals Economic and Environmental Impacts of Cropping Pattern Elements Using Systems Dynamics

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1020-1032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoumeh Hashemi ◽  
Hamed Mazandarani Zadeh ◽  
Peyman Daneshkare Arasteh ◽  
Mehdi Zarghami
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
System Dynamics ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Extreme Condition ◽  
Groundwater Depletion ◽  
Systems Dynamics ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Agricultural Water Management ◽  
Cropping Patterns

Tragedies arising from poor water resources management and planning are significantly more relevant than climate change and frequent natural droughts, especially in arid and semi-arid areas. Nearly 92% of total water is allocated to the agricultural sector in Iran. In this situation, cultivation patterns play an important role in agricultural water management. Evaluating the effect of each crop would help the stakeholders make a rational decision in choosing appropriate cropping patterns to avoid groundwater depletion as well as maintain their livelihoods. The Qazvin plain in Iran, whose aquifer has had a drawdown of nearly 20m during the last 15 years, was used in this case study. It has been modeled using system dynamics, which includes two subsystems: hydrology, for calculating groundwater level, and economy, for defining farmer’s income in the years from 1997 to 2011. The system dynamics, which included 17 crops, was developed after calibration by simple genetic algorithm and verification under extreme condition tests. To identify the economic and environmental effect of each of the crops, the system dynamics was run 18 times, removing crops one by one. It has been found that wheat plays an important role in causing a negative water balance but does not affect the farmers’ incomes as significantly as grapes. Two indicators, which included sustainable water resources and water exploitation, were employed to assess the scenarios as well. According to the results, no scenarios are fully sustainable for maintaining a steady aquifer, but scenario 1, which removed wheat from the cropping pattern, is the most sustainable and puts the least pressure on the aquifer. 

scholarly journals ANALISIS PENDAPATAN USAHATANI SAYURAN DENGAN POLA TANAM TUMPANGSARI (Studi Kasus di Desa Gunung Lewat Kecamatan Suka Merindu Kabupaten Lahat) Analysis Of Vegetable Farming Income Production With Overlapping Planting Pattern (Case Study In Gunung Lewat Village Sub-district Sukamerindu Lahat District)

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 128
Author(s):  
Dimi Saputra ◽  
Harniatun Iswarini ◽  
Sisvaberti Afriyatna
Keyword(s):  
Tomato Leaf ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Profit Rate ◽  
Average Income ◽  
Planting Pattern ◽  
Cropping Patterns ◽  
Vegetable Farming ◽  
Intercropping Pattern

ABSTRACT This study aimedto find how much income farmers from vegetable farming with various cropping patterns and to know which one intercropping pattern is more profitabble. This research has conducted in Gunung Lewat Villages trough districts Suka Merindu.  This research has conducted on March until May 2017.  This  research used survey method.  For sampling used census method, where in this study there are 14 farmers respondents.  Data collection methodsused in this research is observation with interview directly to responder which have been determined by using tool quisioner which have been prepared before.  Data processing used is the data obtained from the field first in the group and then processed by tabulation. From the results of the study showed planting pattern developed by farmers in Gunung Lewat Village very varied with the pattern of planting most is Cropping pattern  mustard-tomato-chili as much as 6 people or 42,84 percent and the least cultivation pattern in which the tomato, tomato-leaf, tomato-cabbage, tomato-chilli-bean long-leek, and tomato-aubergine as much as 1 person or 7,15 percent, while the pattern of planting tomato-chilli that is as many as 3 people or 21,41 percent. The largest average income of farmers is Rp 75.703.500 Lg / Th or Rp 1.849.962.500 Ha / Th while the smallest average income is Rp 4.817.500 Lg / Th or Rp 58.150.000 Ha / Th. The highest profit rate of the average farmers of respondents is 8,71 / Lg / Th or 4,12 / Ha / Th, while the lowest average profit rate of farmers of respondents is 1,82 / Lg / Th or 1,13 / Ha / Th with a favorable cultivation pattern of chili-tomato-leek planting pattern with a profit rate of 8,71 / Lg / Th or 4,12 Ha / Th.

scholarly journals Using Fuzzy Time Series (FTS) and Linear Programming for Production Planning and Planting Pattern Scheduling Red Onion

2019 ◽  
Vol 125 ◽  
pp. 23007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aries Dwi Indriyanti ◽  
Dedy Rahman Prehanto ◽  
Ginanjar Setyo Permadi ◽  
Chamdan Mashuri ◽  
Tanhella Zein Vitadiar
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Linear Programming ◽  
Production Planning ◽  
Fuzzy Time Series ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Cropping Patterns ◽  
Data Production

This study discusses the production planning system and scheduling shallots planting patterns using fuzzy time series and linear programming methods. In this study fuzzy time series to predict the number of requests and the results of predictions from fuzzy time series methods become one of the variables in the calculation of linear programming. Using supporting variables, demand data, production data, employment data, land area data, production profit data, data on the number of seedlings and planting time data are indicators used in processing the system. The system provides recommendations for cropping patterns and the number of seeds that must be planted in one period. The age of harvesting onions is ± 3-4 months from the planting process, the number of planting seeds is adjusted to the number of requests that have been predicted by using fuzzy time series and cropping pattern calculation process is carried out using linear programming. The results of this system are recommendations for farmers to plant seedlings, planting schedules, and harvest schedules to meet market demand.

scholarly journals Optimization of Planting Structure for Irrigation Area with Biannual Cropping Patterns in Xinjiang Oasis in China

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Liu ◽  
Zhenhua Wang
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Planting Pattern ◽  
Cropping Patterns ◽  
Irrigation Area ◽  
P 75 ◽  
Water Resources Utilization

Light and heat resources are ample in Xinjiang plain oasis region. Planting structure is single in irrigation area, which leads to severe seasonal water shortages due to high concentration of water utilization. Therefore, how to make full use of light and heat resources to develop oasis agriculture without expanding planting scale has become the focus of research. The biannual cropping patterns are possible solutions to the problem. Manas River Irrigation area, which is located on the northern slope of Tianshan Mountain in Xinjiang in China is regarded as a typical case study to analyze the suitable planting structure and planting scale for biannual cropping pattern. The effects of optimizing planting patterns on alleviating the contradiction between water supply and water need，and the efficiency of water resources utilization was also studied. The results of the study show that：(1) the suitable planting scales of Manas River irrigation area in wet year (P = 25%), normal year (P = 50%), and low flow year (P = 75%) are about 72.66%, 78.73% and 83.91% of the current planting scale. (2) After the planting structure was optimized, the water use process in the irrigation area extends from May to August at present to April to November. The water use ratio at the peak period of water use decreased from 0.847 to 0.601, and the water use peak was significantly dispersed. (3) Economic benefits per cubic metre of water of the biannual cropping patterns increased from 8.65 yuan·m−3 at present to 9.45 yuan·m−3, 10.31 yuan·m−3 and 11.43 yuan·m−3 in wet year (P = 25%), in normal year (P = 50%) and low flow year (P = 75%) respectively, which proved that replanting crops could improve the efficiency of water resources utilization in irrigated areas. Therefore, the optimal planting pattern can be implemented to improve the utilization efficiency of soil and water resources in irrigation area in the arid oasis with single planting pattern with excessive concentration of water use peak and serious water shortage.

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