Intercropping Twice of Corn with Cassava to Supply the Feed of Biomass in Eastern Mount Kawi of Malang Indonesia

Abstract Three treatments were tested with four replications at RCBD, namely cassava monoculture, corn twice under cassava intercropping, and corn with corn monoculture where the second corn was planted 5 days after harvested. Planting distance of cassava in monoculture was 100x100 cm, and in intercropping was 200x50 cm, by which corn was planted in 50x30 cm, 1 seed per hole. All plots received dairy cattle manure 5 t ha-1. Fertilizer applied for cassava was Urea 100 kg ha−1, Ponska 200 kg ha−1 and KCl 100 kg ha−1 split into two applications two weeks after cassava planting, then when first of corn was harvested. Corn fertilization was Ponska 150 kg ha−1 + Urea 100 kg ha−1 every 3 months and split into two applications: 1 week and 4 weeks after corn was planted. Cassava and twice corn fertilization was Urea 300 kg ha−1 + Phonska 400 kg ha−1 + KCl 100 kg ha−1. Results showed that cassava monoculture can be improved by inserting of twice corn in between rows. Under sole cropping cassava, the B/C ratio was the highest 1.61, however with incorporating twice of corn the B/C ratio was 1.58. Intercropping cassava and twice of corn resulted in the Land Equivalent Ratio 2.146. By intercropping cassava with corn twice at the end of dry season, there was an opportunity to find corn biomass for dairy cattle. Under intercropping, cassava was able to produce 21.5 t ha−1 of fresh roots, while first and second of corn produced fresh biomass of 34 t ha−1 and 28 t ha−1 respectively.

Download Full-text

Pertumbuhan dan Produktivitas Lahan Tumpang Sari Tanaman Pinang (Areca catechu L.) dan Kopi (Coffea sp.)

Jurnal Media Pertanian ◽

10.33087/jagro.v3i2.64 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 61

Author(s):

Nasamsir Nasamsir ◽

Harianto Harianto

Keyword(s):

Survey Method ◽

Land Productivity ◽

Stem Height ◽

Land Equivalent Ratio ◽

Equivalent Ratio ◽

Effective Combination ◽

Areca Catechu ◽

Coffee Plants ◽

Planting Distance ◽

Descriptive Method

ABSTRAKTumpang sari tanaman pinang dengan tanaman kopi merupakan sebuah kombinasi efektif untuk pemanfaatan lahan. Penanaman kopi dapat dilakukan di antara barisan pinang, sehingga menghasilkan pertumbuhan tanaman dan produktivitas lahan yang optimal. Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Parit Tomo, Kecamatan Betara Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Barat, dengan kondisi lahan gambut, dilaksanakan pada bulan April sampai Mei 2018. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan nilai nisbah kesetaraan lahan (NKL) pada tanaman tumpang sari pinang dengan kopi serta menentukan model tanam tumpang sari pinang dengan kopi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey pada lahan-lahan petani yang ditanami pinang dan kopi monokultur dan pinang ditumpangsarikan dengan kopi. Lokasi penelitian dipilih secara sengaja karena pada lokasi-lokasi tersebut terdapat budidaya tumpang sari pinang dengan kopi. Peubah yang diamati yaitu; jarak tanam (m), tinggi batang (m), lingkar batang (cm), ketebalan daun (mm), warna daun, intensitas cahaya (fc), suhu (0C), dan produktivitas lahan (ton ha-1). Untuk menjawab hipotesis yang diajukan, data yang diperoleh di lapangan dilakukan analisis statistika dengan metode deskriptif dalam bentuk tabulasi dan analisis inferensi dengan uji Z berpasangan dengan taraf ? 0,05%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, nilai nisbah kesetaraan lahan (NKL) > 1 (1,84), menggambarkan bahwa sistem tumpang sari pinang dan kopi lebih menguntungkan dibandingkan sistem tunggal dan model pola tanam tumpang sari yang baik menurut penulis adalah model 2 .Kata kunci :, tumpang sari, jarak tanam, nisbah kesetaraan lahan ABSTRACTIntercropping areca plants with coffee plants is an effective combination for land use. Coffee planting can be done between rows of areca plants, resulting in optimal plants growth and productivity of the land. The research will be conducted in Parit Tomo, Betara, Tanjung Jabung Barat, with the condition of peatland. This research will be conducted from April to Mei 2018. This study aims to determine the value of land equivalent ratio (LER) in the intercropping of areca plants with coffee plants and determine the model of cultivation intercropping of areca plants with coffee plants. This research used survey method on farmers' land planted monoculture and intercropping with areca plants and coffee plant. The location of this study was chosen intentionally because at these locations there is a cultivation of intercropping with areca plants and coffee plants. The observed variables are; planting distance (m), stem height (m), stem circumference (cm), leaf thickness (mm), leaf color, light intencity (fc), temperature (0C), and land productivity (ton ha-1). To answer the proposed hypothesis, the data obtained in the field is done statistical analysis with descriptive method in the form of tabulation and inference analysis with paired sample Z-test ? 0,05%. The results showed that land equivalent ratio (LER) was > 1 (2,39), illustrating that the areca plants with coffee plants intercropping system was more profitable than a monocropping system and intercropping model which was good according to the authors was model 2.Keywords : intercropping, planting distance, land equivalent ratio

Download Full-text

Keragaan Agronomis dan Kelayakan Usahatani Kedelai yang Dibudidayakan Secara Monokultur dan Polikultur di Sumatera Selatan

Jurnal Lahan Suboptimal ◽

10.33230/jlso.8.2.2019.426 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 159-172

Author(s):

Renny Utami Somantri ◽

Syahri Syahri ◽

Tumarlan Thamrin

Keyword(s):

Economic Analysis ◽

Limiting Factors ◽

Agronomic Performance ◽

Land Equivalent Ratio ◽

Soybean Yield ◽

Equivalent Ratio ◽

Two Systems ◽

Planting Distance ◽

Better Than

Somantri RU, Syahri S, Thamrin T. 2019. Agronomic and economic analysis of soybeans which is grew by monoculture and polyculture systems in South Sumatra. Jurnal Lahan Suboptimal: Journal of Suboptimal Lands. 8(2):159-172. The presence of shade and other limiting factors in the crops of plantation plants will certainly affect the growth and soybean yield were compared by monoculture. The objective of the research was to know of agronomic performance and farming feasibility of soybeans which are cultivated by polyculture and monoculture systems. Soybeans were planted in two systems namely monoculture (soybean) and polyculture (soybean are intercropped with 3 years of rubber trees). Both of Dena 1 and Anjasmoro varieties were cropped in those systems. Soybeans are cropped by using planting machine (ATBJ) which has planting distance 20 cm x 40 cm (1-2 seeds per hole). Plants were fertilized with 50 kg Urea per ha, 150 kg TSP per ha, 150 kg KCl per ha, manure 2,000 kg per ha, and dolomite 1,000 kg per ha. Mower were used for harvesting. The results showed that the growth and soybean yield in monoculture system was better than the polyculture. Yield of Anjasmoro in monoculture was 15.35 ku per ha, whereas the polyculture was 4.72 ku per ha. Meanwhile, the productivity of Dena 1 was 14.80 ku per ha and 7.38 ku per ha in polyculture system. The polyculture had a higher value of the land equivalent ratio than monoculture of rubber trees. Economically, the two planting systems that were examined also deserve to be done by farmers, where the value R/C > 1

Download Full-text

POLIKULTUR TANAMAN KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis quineensis Jacq.) DENGAN TANAMAN JELUTUNG (Dyera polyphylla)

Jurnal Media Pertanian ◽

10.33087/jagro.v4i2.82 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 52

Author(s):

Nasamsir Nasamsir ◽

Usman Usman

Keyword(s):

Oil Palm ◽

Optimal Growth ◽

Survey Method ◽

Land Productivity ◽

Stem Height ◽

Leaf Color ◽

Land Equivalent Ratio ◽

Equivalent Ratio ◽

Planting Distance ◽

Descriptive Method

Oil palm planting can be done between rows of jelutung plants, resulting in optimal growth and productivity of the land. The research will be conducted in Betara and Bram Itam Kanan , Tanjung Jabung Barat, with the condition of peatland will be conducted from Mei to Juny 2019. This study aims to determine the value of land equivalent ratio (LER) in the intercropping of oil palm with jelutung plants. This research used survey method on farmers' land planted monoculture and intercropping with oil palm and jelutung plant. The location of this study was chosen intentionally because at these locations there is a cultivation of intercropping with oil palm and jelutung plants. The observed variables are; planting distance (m), stem height (m), stem circumference (cm), leaf color, age of production (years), productivity of the oil palm and jelutung plants in intercropping (ton), and land productivity. To answer the proposed hypothesis, the data obtained in the field is done statistical analysis with Z test and descriptive method in the form of tabulation. The results showed that the production of oil palm and Jelutung monoculture system cropping were more than polyculture system cropping, but based on the calculation of the value of land equivalent ratio (LER), that value was > 1 (1.4).

Download Full-text

Effect of planting arrangements on productivity of cotton + mungbean intercropping systems

Bangladesh Agronomy Journal ◽

10.3329/baj.v17i1.23671 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 11-22 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

MF AI Tabib ◽

MA Karim ◽

MM Haque ◽

QA Khaliq ◽

ARM Solaiman

Keyword(s):

System Performance ◽

Growing Season ◽

Seed Cotton ◽

Gross Margin ◽

Economic Return ◽

Land Equivalent Ratio ◽

Single Row ◽

Equivalent Ratio ◽

Sole Cropping ◽

Equivalent Yield

An experiment was conducted at the Cotton Research Farm, Sreepur, Gazipur during 2009-10 growing season to maximize the benefit of cotton + mungbean intercropping system through appropriate planting arrangement of component crops in the system. Performance of eight different planting arrangements, such as 1, 2, 3 and 4 rows of mungbean in between single row of cotton and 4, 5, 6 and 7 rows of mungbean in between paired row cotton ware compared against their sole cropping. Intercropping and mungbean density reduced individual yield of cotton and mungbean compared to their sole cropping but increased equivalent yield of both cotton and mungbean. The highest seed cotton (2951 kg ha-1) and mungbean (3373 kg ha-1) equivalent yield was recorded from the paired row cotton +4-row mungbean. The land equivalent ratio of the same combination indicated 31% yield advantage over sole cropping. The same plating arrangement also recorded the highest gross return (Tk. 118039 ha-1), gross margin (Tk. 60220 ha-1) and BCR (2.04). Thus, the panting arrangement of paired row cotton and 4 rows of mungbean could be grown for higher productivity and economic return in the system.Bangladesh Agron. J. 2014, 17(1): 11-22

Download Full-text

Land Equivalent Ratio of Cowpea–Sorghum Relay Intercrop as Affected by Different Cattle Manure Application Rates Under Smallholder Farming System

Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems ◽

10.3389/fsufs.2021.778144 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 ◽

Author(s):

Cosmas Parwada ◽

Trust Antony Chinyama

Keyword(s):

Soil Fertility ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Competitive Ability ◽

Cattle Manure ◽

Manure Application ◽

Available N ◽

Land Equivalent Ratio ◽

Equivalent Ratio ◽

Application Rates ◽

Relay Intercrop

Poor soil fertility is a major challenge to crop production in the communal farming areas of Zimbabwe. Intercropping legumes and cereals is a common soil fertility management technology among the farmers. A 3-year field experiment was conducted to evaluate cowpea–sorghum relay intercropping advantages in response to different cattle manure application rates. A 3 × 4 factorial experiment laid in a completely randomized block design (CRBD) with three replicates was conducted. The treatments were three cropping systems (sorghum sole, cowpea sole, and cowpea–sorghum intercrop) and four cattle manure application rates (0, 50, 75, and 100%). Crop growth rate (CGR), grain yield, harvest index (HI), relative competitive ability of each crop, and land equivalent ratio (LER) were measured. Analysis of variance and non-linear regression analyses were done to determine the yield benefits of cowpea–sorghum intercrop and estimate the relative competitive ability, respectively. Application of >75% cattle manure in a cowpea–sorghum intercrop enhanced the sorghum grain yield (75%) and HI (125%) of unmanured cowpea–sorghum plots. Cowpeas had higher CGR (159.6, 166.7 and 149.5 g m−2 day−1 at 7, 21, and 35 days after planting, respectively) at >75% cattle manure application rates on both intercrop and sole cropping than sorghum but with lower grain yield (1.4 t ha−1). Intraspecific competitive stress in sorghum was reduced at a high (>75%) quantity of manure applied. The effects of the intraspecific competition in cowpea were stronger (0.693) on grain yield than biomass at >75% manure application rates. The LER was >1 in all the treatments and was highest (2.73) under the cowpea–sorghum relay intercrop without cattle manure. Cattle manure application at 75% in a cowpea–sorghum intercrop enhanced the grain yield in sorghum and vegetative growth in cowpeas. It is therefore recommended to use the >75% cattle manure application rate in the intercrop if one wants higher grain in sorghum and high biomass in cowpeas possibly for fodder. Further studies are recommended to quantify the rate of increase in available N under the cowpea–sorghum relay intercrop with >75% cattle manure application rates.

Download Full-text

Minimizing Nitrate-nitrogen Leaching by Parallel Multiple Cropping in Long-duration Row Crops

Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1017/s0014479700013399 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 37-42 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

R. L. Yadav

Keyword(s):

Nitrate Nitrogen ◽

Cropping Systems ◽

Nitrate Content ◽

Multiple Cropping ◽

Row Crops ◽

Land Equivalent Ratio ◽

Equivalent Ratio ◽

Nitrate N ◽

Long Duration ◽

Sole Cropping

SUMMARYThe nitrate–N profile of soil was studied in sole and parallel multiple-cropping systems of pigeonpea and maize and of sugarcane and blackgram. In sole cropping there was more nitrate–N in the deeper horizons because of leaching from the inter-row spaces of row crops, whereas the nitrate content was drastically reduced in parallel cropping at more than 30 cm deep as N in the inter-row spaces was better utilized by the crops. The yield of two crops, when combined, was more in parallel cropping than the sum of crops grown separately, and the Land Equivalent Ratio was higher in parallel-cropping systems than in sole cropping.

Download Full-text

Performance of Mixed Cropping of Lentil with Cowpea Under Variable Seeding Ratios

Bangladesh Agronomy Journal ◽

10.3329/baj.v21i1.39391 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 125-129

Author(s):

ISM Farhad ◽

E Jahan ◽

MA Rahman ◽

MG Azam ◽

TA Mujahidi

Keyword(s):

Cost Ratio ◽

Mixed Cropping ◽

Land Equivalent Ratio ◽

Net Return ◽

Equivalent Ratio ◽

Benefit Cost Ratio ◽

Mixed Crop ◽

Sole Cropping ◽

Benefit Cost ◽

Equivalent Yield

The field experiment was carried out at South Lemua, MLT site, Feni (AEZ 19) during Rabi season of 2015-16 to evaluate the performance of lentil as mixed crop with cowpea under variable seeding ratio. The treatment combinations used for the experiment were T1= Sole Lentil (100 %) @ 40 kg seed ha-1, T2 =Sole Cowpea (100%) @ 45kg seed ha-1, T3 = Lentil (100%) + Cowpea (10 %), T4 = Lentil (100 %) + Cowpea (20 %) and T5 = Lentil (100 %) + Cowpea (30 %). Lentil var. BARIMashur-6 and cowpea variety BARI Felon-1 were used in this study. The yield of lentil decreased with the increase of cowpea population in the mixed cropping situation. All the mixed cropping combinations showed higher lentil equivalent yield (LEY), land equivalent ratio (LER), net return and benefit cost ratio (BCR) than sole cropping. The highest lentil equivalent yield (1438 kg ha-1) and maximum land equivalent ratio (1.24) were observed in T4 treatment. Cost and return analysis showed that the highest net return (Tk. 77,890 ha-1) was found in T4 treatment while sole cowpea gave the lowest net return (Tk. 7530 ha-1). The highest benefit cost ratio (3.09) was recorded from lentil (100 %) + cowpea (20 %) whereas the minimum (1.21) from sole cowpea. Bangladesh Agron. J. 2018, 21(1): 125-129

Download Full-text