scholarly journals Value-Sensitive Co-Design for Resilient Information Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-164
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Primiero ◽  
Balbir Barn ◽  
Ravinder Barn
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Design Theory ◽  
Formal Model ◽  
Formal Analysis ◽  
Systems Development ◽  
End Users ◽  
Development Project ◽  
End User ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Definition Of

AbstractIn Information Systems development, resilience has often been treated as a non-functional requirement and little or no work is aimed at building resilience in end-users through systems development. The question of how values and resilience (for the end-user) can be incorporated into the design of systems is an on-going research activity in user-centered design. In this paper we evaluate the relation of values and resilience within the context of an ongoing software development project and contribute a formal model of co-design based on a significant extension of Abstract Design Theory. The formal analysis provides a full and clear-cut definition of the co-design space, its objectives and processes. On the basis of both, we provide an abstract definition of resilient system (for the end-user). We conclude that value-sensitive co-design enforces better resilience in end-users.

Organizing End-User Training

2012 ◽  
pp. 335-353
Author(s):  
Harri Oinas-Kukkonen ◽  
Sari Hohtari ◽  
Samuli Pekkola
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Training Model ◽  
Systems Development ◽  
End Users ◽  
End User ◽  
Human Behaviors ◽  
User Training ◽  
Development Cycle ◽  
End User Training

Introducing information systems into organizations initiates a change in human behaviors, which is often perceived as obtrusive and distracting. End-user training may help manage this challenge by getting the users familiar with the system and its functionality. However, end-user training is not easy, nor self-evident, as shown in this paper. This is problematic, particularly when organization-wide standards for how to provide training are missing or when the group of end-users is two-layered, that is, both the customers and the staff must be trained. In this paper, the authors describe a qualitative case study of how the end-user training on an e-Bank was organized, and how the training was delivered to its elderly customers. The training model by Simonsen and Sein (2004) is utilized and extended to cover the systems development cycle. The authors argue that an approach that integrates the end-user training with the systems development improves organizational implementation. As a result, this paper makes practical suggestions about the issues related to organizing end-user training.

Accommodating End-Users' Online Activities with a Campus Portal

2008 ◽  
pp. 611-622
Author(s):  
Tharitpong Fuangvut ◽  
Helen Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Systems Development ◽  
End Users ◽  
Information Systems Development ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Development Methodology ◽  
Online Activities ◽  
Campus Portal ◽  
The University

A major objective of this article is to propose a framework for development of a campus portal accommodating the end-users’ online activities, especially students who are normally considered as a major group of users for the campus portal. By summarising between the literature review in the domain of traditional information systems development methodology and Web-based information systems development methodology and the findings of the research, an appropriate model can finally be concluded and recommended, and is presented in this article. Although this article can be considered as a standalone article, it is recommended that the reader read the article entitled “The Need for a Comprehensive Methodology for Campus Portal Development.” Additionally, the complete version of this research can also be obtained from the digital thesis section of the University of Wollongong Library (http://www. library.uow.edu.au).

Communities of Practice and Critical Social Theory

2011 ◽  
pp. 49-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Communities Of Practice ◽  
Systems Development ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Information Systems Development ◽  
Objective Reality ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Human Participants

In philosophical terms, a key issue of communities of practice (CoPs) can be located within one of the key philosophical debates. The need for CoPs is traceable to the inadequacy in certain contexts of the so-called scientific or problem-solving method, which treats problems as independent of the people engaged on them. Examples of this can be drawn from the management domains of information systems development, project management, planning, and many others. In information systems development, for example, the whole basis of traditional systems analysis and design requires such an approach. In essence, in undertaking problem solving, the world is viewed as though it is made up of hard, tangible objects, which exist independently of human perception and about which knowledge may be accumulated by making the objects themselves the focus of our study. A more human-centered approach would, by contrast, see the world as interpreted through human perceptions: the reason why the problem cannot be solved is precisely because it lacks the objective reality required for problem solving. In taking this perspective, it may or may not be accepted that there exists a real world “out there”, but in any event, the position adopted is that our world can be known only through the perceptions of human participants. This question of objective reality is one with which philosophers have struggled for at least 2,500 years, and an understanding of it is essential to determining the need for, and purpose of, CoPs. The next section therefore discusses some of the philosophical issues relevant to the subjective-objective debate: a search for what, in these terms, it is possible for us to know and how we might know it.

Architecture and Implementation Issues

2002 ◽  
pp. 16-57
Author(s):  
Ajantha Dahanayake
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Object Representation ◽  
Formal Model ◽  
Systems Design ◽  
Service Description ◽  
Formal Approach ◽  
Problem Situations ◽  
Service Object ◽  
Automated Support ◽  
Definition Of

Historically the focus is on the theory of how problem-specific systems design tools can be supported by a Computer Aided Method Engineering (CAME) environment based on service object representation. To arrive at an implementation model, the conceptual model of the service object representation must be formalized. This theory is feasible when there is adequate computer support. Many researchers have emphasized strongly that requirement specification languages should have a rigorous formal basis; however, this need for formality has not been generally acknowledged in the field of information systems development. Most organizations and research groups tend to define their own methods using techniques advocated within such methods that often have no formal foundation. Discussions of modeling techniques are based on numerous examples, mostly using diagrams and notational conventions, to provide a popular style for the definition of new concepts and their behavior. In a CAME environment however, which gives the freedom to specify a modeling technique from scratch, it is difficult to avoid deficiencies such as inconsistency, lack of structure, over specification, incompleteness, ambiguity, and redundancy without using a formal approach. In automated support a formal model is used to provide stable specifications for implementation. In fact, an implementation can be seen as another, enormously detailed formal description, usually in an imperative programming language. To implement this sophisticated automated support, formal specifications of the CAME service description with adequate formal reasoning were derived earlier. In this chapter the concentration is on using representation formalism to construct a problem-specific CAME environment. Such an automated support environment must be provided for the information systems design stage in particular for the required UpperCASE tools according to the methods chosen for the problem situations. The vision is that CAME environments must function as a service-based, object-oriented MetaCASE environment that offers the services required for modeling tools, and using a mechanism to interpret the required modeling knowledge and changing the visual representation to the required form using a graphic object binding mechanism. Further, this environment must offer a mechanism for the populations of models specified according to such UpperCASE tools.

S3

2003 ◽  
pp. 133-143
Author(s):  
Georg Disterer
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Training Session ◽  
End Users ◽  
The Internet ◽  
End User ◽  
User Training ◽  
Teaching Curriculum ◽  
End User Training ◽  
Set Up

Many elderly people (age of 60+) are keen on getting familiar with the Internet. At the same time, end-user training gets more and more important for IT management. Therefore, we implemented a graduate Information Systems course, where students have to design, organize, manage, and run a training session, where elderly people can see and try using the Internet. The students learned to design a teaching curriculum and teaching materials, to set up and maintain the technical infrastructure, to organize end-user training, and, most importantly, to teach and to train end-users.

Semantic web: golden era of information

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.8) ◽  
pp. 436
Author(s):  
Prakhar Agarwal ◽  
Shivani Jain
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Web ◽  
Information Search ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Structured Data ◽  
Common Language ◽  
End User ◽  
Ontology Language ◽  
Shared Language ◽  
Definition Of

Semantic Web is the extension of existing web that allows well defined expressions for the meaning of information which can be understood by computers and people both. In this paper we are doing study on semantic and is our review paper. Semantic web is a recommended development project by W3C (World Wide Web Consortium) which focuses on the enhancing of information search by keeping the facts in structured form using eXtensible Mark-up Language (XML) and marked in such a way that it can be understand by the system. To make the development of semantic web promising, new international standard is developed for exchanging of ontologies called OWL Web Ontology language. In XML we just provide tag of the model and store data in the hierarchy without its meaning, that’s why the computer cannot be able to process the data but in Semantic Web user can provide with a definition so that the computer can better recognize its meaning and provide with the better displaying of information. A crux of semantic web is that it works on the definition of the ontologies. Ontologies are responsible for re-usability and sharing of information. Semantic Web provides with a shared language which has stored data in the non-ending linking of distinct databases which provides data related to the real world objects. RDF is a common language for semantic web and is responsible for the collection of data on web and assembles different database from diverse sources and SPARQL is there for linking of databases for unifying documents. Thus, semantic web is the well-structured data web that relates all the data that present on the web and understands them to provide the exact display requested by the end user.

An End-User Oriented Visual Programming Language

2014 ◽  
Vol 513-517 ◽  
pp. 2141-2144
Author(s):  
Ying Jia ◽  
Be Jun Shen ◽  
Tian Yu Yu ◽  
Jian Gang Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Visual Programming ◽  
End Users ◽  
Research Field ◽  
End User ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Web Information ◽  
Develop Software ◽  
Web Information Systems

With the promotion of IT applications and the rise of Web 2.0, mass users' individual requirements continue to emerge. How to quickly meet increasing development and maintenance requirements has been a critical problem of software development. Is it possible for end-users to develop software? This paper chooses Web information systems as the research field, studies the end-user programming technology, and designs an end-user oriented visual domain-specific language VUDSL for university Web information systems. VUDSL programming tools are also implemented, to support end-users without the knowledge of software engineering to develop target information systems by visual programming.

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