A Comparison of Soluble Sugar Accumulation in Zygotic and Somatic Pea Embryos

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 313-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamilla Górska-Koplińska ◽  
Anna Źróbek-Sokolnik ◽  
Ryszard J. Górecki ◽  
Lesław Lahuta
Keyword(s):  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Sugar Accumulation

scholarly journals Modifying Carbohydrate Supply to Fruit during Development Changes the Composition and Flavour of Actinidia chinensis var. chinensis ‘Zesy002’ Kiwifruit

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1328
Author(s):  
Danielle Le Lievre ◽  
Rachelle Anderson ◽  
Helen Boldingh ◽  
Janine Cooney ◽  
Richard Seelye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Consumer Acceptance ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
Actinidia Chinensis ◽  
Ripe Fruit ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
Control Fruit ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Metabolite Accumulation

Consumer acceptance of fruit is determined by size, flavour and ripeness. In this study we investigated how altering the carbohydrate supply to Actinidia chinensis var. chinensis ‘Zesy002′ kiwifruit altered the balance between growth and accumulation of metabolites. Canes were phloem girdled and fruit thinned to a leaf-to-fruit ratio (L:F) of either 2 (Low carbohydrate) or 6 (High carbohydrate) at either 38 (Early) or 86 (Late) days after anthesis (DAA) and compared with ungirdled control canes with a L:F of 3. Fruit growth, metabolite accumulation, cytokinin concentrations and maturation were monitored and the sensory attributes of ripe fruit were assessed. The final weight of Early-High and Late-High carbohydrate fruit was 38% and 16% greater compared with control fruit. High carbohydrate fruit had increased starch,soluble sugar and cytokinin concentrations and fruit began to mature earlier and those with a Low carbohydrate had decreased concentrations and matured later compared with control fruit. Control fruit were described by consumers as more acidic and under-ripe compared with those from Early-High carbohydrate canes, but as sweeter than those from Low carbohydrate canes. This study showed that carbohydrate supply can have a major impact on the growth, sugar accumulation and maturity of ‘Zesy002′ fruit sinks.

scholarly journals Studies on the Sugar Accumulation and Carbohydrate Splitting Enzyme Levels in Post Harvested and Cold Stored Potatoes

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 95-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Rezaul Karim ◽  
MMH Khan ◽  
Md Salim Uddin ◽  
NK Sana ◽  
F Nikkon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar

Significant differences were found in sugar content and carbohydrate splitting enzyme activities in tubers of ten indigenous potato varieties at harvesting and after keeping at cold storage. The activities of invertase, amylase, β-galactosidase and cellulase in all varieties were found to be increased by 2-12, 1.2-4, 1.9-4.5, and 1.1-3.7 folds, respectively from harvesting to cold stored potatoes. The amount of starch and sucrose were found to be decreased by 1.15-2.8 and 1.02-1.4 folds, respectively from harvesting to cold stored in all varieties. Total soluble sugar and reducing sugar contents in potatoes were increased by 1.02-1.4 and 4-11 folds, respectively from harvesting to cold stored in all varieties of potatoes. The amount of reducing sugar increased in cold stored potatoes due to the increased activities of carbohydrate splitting enzymes. Key words: Potatoes, Indigenous, Carbohydrate splitting enzymes, Sugars. DOI:10.3329/jbs.v16i0.3748 J. bio-sci. 16: 95-99, 2008

scholarly journals Changes in Soluble Sugar Accumulation and Activities of Sucrose-Metabolizing Enzymes during Fruit Ripening of Jackfruit

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Ying-zhi Li ◽  
Xiao-qiang Duan ◽  
Sheng-hui Liu ◽  
Ying Li ◽  
Xing-hai Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Sugar Metabolism ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
Tropical Region ◽  
Sucrose Synthesis ◽  
Sucrose Hydrolysis ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar ◽  
Changing Patterns ◽  
Ripe Stage

Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) is an important food crop widely grown in the tropical region. However, little is known about sugar metabolism during fruit ripening of jackfruit. Here we examined sugar profiles (sucrose, glucose and fructose) and corresponding enzyme activities (SPS, E.C.2.4.1.14; SuSy, EC 2.4.1.13; IV, EC 3.2.1.26) of four soft type and four firm type varieties of jackfruit during four stages of fruit ripening. We found that during fruit ripening, there was a rapid increase in contents of total soluble sugar and sucrose, whereas increases in glucose and fructose contents were much slower. Ratios of glucose versus fructose varied among different varieties and ripening stages but within the range of 0.9 to 1.2 in the ripe fruits. Five of these varieties exhibited markedly high levels of SuSy activity for sucrose synthesis at early ripening stage, and then decreased towards fully ripe stage. All soft type varieties exhibited a conspicuous peak of AIV activity and had overall higher AIV activities than NIV during ripening. The changing patterns for other enzymes varied among varieties. Our studies support the notion that sucrose was the major sugar species contributing to the fruit sweetness, followed by fructose and glucose. We also demonstrated that AIV and NIV were probably the primary enzymes responsible for sucrose hydrolysis during ripening, while SPS and SuSy were responsible for sucrose synthesis. We propose that during fruit ripening of jackfruit, glucose is released from starch hydrolysis, followed by sucrose hydrolysis leading to increase in both glucose and fructose contents.

scholarly journals Elevated CO2 Alleviates the Effects of Drought on Wheat - Aphid Interaction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haicui Xie ◽  
Fengyu Shi ◽  
Jingshi Li ◽  
miaomai Yu ◽  
Jia Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Effects Of Drought ◽  
Insect Interactions ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Aphid Populations

Abstract Due to rising concentration of atmospheric CO2, climate change is predicted to intensify episodes of drought, however, our understanding of how combined environmental conditions will influence crop-insect interactions is limited. The direct effects of elevated CO2 and drought stress on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) nutritional quality, insect resistance and their indirect effects on the grain aphid (Sitobion avenae) performance are reported here. Elevated CO2 was able to alleviate low water content in wheat caused by drought stress. Both elevated CO2 and drought promoted soluble sugar accumulation in wheat. However, elevated CO2 decreased and drought increased the amino acid content in wheat. Elevated CO2 induced the down-regulation of jasmonic acid (JA) -dependent defense, but up-regulated the salicylic acid-dependent defense. Drought enhanced abscisic acid accumulation that promoted the JA-dependent defense in wheat. Aphid-induced phytohormone resistance in wheat was not influenced by elevated CO2 and drought. The negative effects of drought on the performance of the aphid population was offset by positive effect of elevated CO2. In conclusion, elevated CO2 can alleviate the effects of drought stress on wheat nutritional quality and resistance, which results in unchanged damage to wheat from aphid populations under future elevated CO2 and drier conditions.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Soluble Sugar Accumulation in Commercially Grown Fragaria chiloensis

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 1647-1648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Nishizawa ◽  
Sayuri Nagasawa ◽  
Yuko Mori ◽  
Yuko Kondo ◽  
Yuka Sasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
Fragaria Chiloensis

Soluble Sugar Accumulation Can Influence Seed Size via AN3–YDA Gene Cascade

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (20) ◽  
pp. 4121-4132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lai-Sheng Meng ◽  
Meng-Ke Xu ◽  
Dan Li ◽  
Ming-Ming Zhou ◽  
Ji-Hong Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Sugar Accumulation

scholarly journals Transcription Factor AREB2 Is Involved in Soluble Sugar Accumulation by Activating Sugar Transporter and Amylase Genes

2017 ◽  
Vol 174 (4) ◽  
pp. 2348-2362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi-Jun Ma ◽  
Mei-Hong Sun ◽  
Jing Lu ◽  
Ya-Jing Liu ◽  
Da-Gang Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
Sugar Transporter ◽  
Amylase Genes

Lipid mobilization, gluconeogenesis and ageing-related processes in dormant walnut kernels during moist chilling and warm incubation

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahereh Nezamdoost ◽  
Fatemeh Tamaskani ◽  
Ahmad Abdolzadeh ◽  
Hamid Reza Sadeghipour
Keyword(s):  
Isocitrate Lyase ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Cold Treatment ◽  
Fatty Acyl ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
Cold Stratification ◽  
Lipid Mobilization ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Lyase Activity

AbstractTo understand the beneficial effects of cold conditions during the alleviation of dormancy of walnut (Juglans regiaL.), lipid mobilization, gluconeogenesis and changes related to ageing were compared in dormant kernels incubated in the cold and under deteriorating warm conditions. Stratifying kernels at 5°C for 30 d enhanced their germination capacity, whereas warm-incubated (27°C) kernels turned rancid after 20 d and had reduced germination. Kernel imbibition was sufficient to bring about lipid mobilization, irrespective of temperature of incubation. Although imbibed kernels displayed high isocitrate lyase activity, starch and soluble sugar accumulation occurred only under cold conditions. Deteriorative 64 kDa fatty acyl-ester hydrolase activity declined in cold-stratified kernels. Cold treatment also led to reduced lipid peroxidation and hydrogen peroxide in kernels. The activity of NADP+-isocitrate dehydrogenase, an NADPH-generating enzyme, declined in warm-incubated kernels. Thus, warm-incubated kernels undergo ageing associated with oxidative stress, but there are beneficial effects of cold stratification in preventing deteriorative ageing-related processes. Imbibition is sufficient to allow lipid mobilization to occur in dormant walnut kernels, although cold stratification accompanied by gluconeogenesis is essential for kernel germination.

Grain, sugar and biomass accumulation in tropical sorghums. I. Trade-offs and effects of phenological plasticity

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvain Gutjahr ◽  
Michel Vaksmann ◽  
Michaël Dingkuhn ◽  
Korothimi Thera ◽  
Gilles Trouche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Sugar Concentration ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Concentration Changes

Grain and sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) differ in their ability to produce either high grain yield or high sugar concentration in the stems. Some cultivars of sorghum may yield both grains and sugar. This paper investigates the trade-offs among biomass, grain and sugar production. Fourteen tropical sorghum genotypes with contrasted sweetness and PP sensitivity were evaluated in the field near Bamako (Mali) at three sowing dates under favourable rainfed conditions. Plant phenology, morphology, dry matter of different organs and stem sugar content were measured at anthesis and grain maturity. A panicle pruning treatment was implemented after anthesis. Late sowing (shorter days) led to a decrease in total leaf number, dry mass and sugar yield even in PP-insensitive genotypes because of an increased phyllochron. Dry matter production and soluble sugar accumulation were strongly correlated with leaf number. Sugar concentration varied little among sowing dates or between anthesis and maturity. This indicates that sugar accumulation happened mainly before anthesis, thus largely escaping from competition with grain filling. This was confirmed by the low impact of panicle pruning on sugar concentration. Changes in sugar concentration from anthesis to maturity were negatively correlated with harvest index but not with grain yield. Physiological trade-offs among sugar, biomass and grain production under favourable rainfall are small in late-maturing and PP-sensitive sweet sorghums cultivated under sudano-sahelian conditions. The results differ from earlier reports that focussed on early maturing, PP-insensitive germplasm. Further research is needed on the interactions of these traits with agricultural practices and drought.

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