Trace element behaviour during interaction between basalt and crustal rocks at 0.5–0.8 GPa: an experimental approach

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvio Mollo ◽  
Valeria Misiti ◽  
Piergiorgio Scarlato
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Diffusion Coefficients ◽  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Contact Layer ◽  
Major And Trace Elements ◽  
Crustal Rocks ◽  
Basaltic Melt ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Diffusive Processes

AbstractWe experimentally investigate the major and trace elements behavior during the interaction between two partially molten crustal rocks (meta-anorthosite and metapelite) and a basaltic melt at 0.5–0.8 GPa. Results show that a hybrid melt is formed at the basalt-crust contact, where plagioclase crystallizes. This contact layer is enriched in trace elements which are incompatible with plagioclase crystals. Under these conditions, the trace element diffusion coefficients are one order of magnitude larger than those expected. Moreover, the HFSE diffusivity in the hybrid melt is surprisingly higher than the REE one. Such a feature is related to the plagioclase crystallization that changes the trace elements liquid-liquid partitioning (i.e. diffusivity) over a transient equilibrium that will persist as long as the crystal growth proceeds.These experiments suggests that the behaviour of the trace elements is strongly dependent on the crystallization at the magma-crust interface. Diffusive processes like those investigated can be invoked to explain some unusual chemical features of contaminated magmatic suites.

scholarly journals Supplemental Material: Forearc magmatic evolution during subduction initiation: Insights from an Early Cretaceous Tibetan ophiolite and comparison with the Izu-Bonin-Mariana forearc

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Gen Dai ◽  
et al.
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Early Cretaceous ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Major And Trace Elements ◽  
Magmatic Evolution ◽  
Isotopic Data ◽  
Subduction Initiation ◽  
Mariana Forearc

Detailed analytical methods in Text S1, major- and trace-element compositions of clinopyroxene, orthopyroxene, and amphibole, whole-rock major and trace elements, Sr-Nd isotopic data, and zircon U-Pb and Lu-Hf data in Tables S1–S7; Figures S1–S5.

Ti diffusion in feldspar

2020 ◽  
Vol 105 (7) ◽  
pp. 1040-1051
Author(s):  
D. J. Cherniak ◽  
E. B. Watson
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Silica Glass ◽  
Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Diffusion ◽  
Calcic Plagioclase ◽  
Crustal Rocks ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Chemical Signatures ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Diffusion Profiles

Abstract Chemical diffusion of Ti has been measured in natural K-feldspar and plagioclase. The sources of diffusant used were TiO2 powders or pre-annealed mixtures of TiO2 and Al2O3. Experiments were run in crimped Pt capsules in air or in sealed silica glass capsules with solid buffers (to buffer at NNO). Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS) was used to measure Ti diffusion profiles. From these measurements, the following Arrhenius relations are obtained for diffusion normal to (001):For oligoclase, over the temperature range 750–1050 °C:DOlig=6.67×10-12exp(-207±31kJ/mol/RT)m2s-1For labradorite, over the temperature range 900–1150 °C:DLab=of4.37×10-14exp(-181±57kJ/mol/RT)m2s-1For K-feldspar, over the temperature range 800–1000 °C:DKsp=3.01×10-6exp(-342±47kJ/mol/RT)m2s-1. Diffusivities for experiments buffered at NNO are similar to those run in air, and the presence of hydrous species appears to have little effect on Ti diffusion. Ti diffusion also shows little evidence of anisotropy. In plagioclase, there appears to be a dependence of Ti diffusion on An content of the feldspar, with Ti diffusing more slowly in more calcic plagioclase. This trend is similar to that observed for other cations in plagioclase, including Sr, Pb, Ba, REE, Si, and Mg. In the case of Ti, an increase of 30% in An content would result in an approximate decrease in diffusivity of an order of magnitude. These data indicate that feldspar should be moderately retentive of Ti chemical signatures, depending on feldspar composition. Ti will be more resistant to diffusional alteration than Sr. For example, Ti zoning on a 50 μm scale in oligoclase would be preserved at 600 °C for durations of ~1 million years, with Sr zoning preserved only for ~70 000 yr at this temperature. These new data for a trace impurity that is relatively slow-diffusing and ubiquitous in feldspars (Hoff and Watson 2018) have the potential to extend the scope and applicability of t-T models for crustal rocks based on measurements of trace elements in feldspars.

scholarly journals Natural Enrichment of Trace Elements in Surface Horizons of Calcareous Soils (La Mancha, Spain)

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Bravo Martín-Consuegra ◽  
Jose A. Amorós Ortíz-Villajos ◽  
Caridad Pérez-de-los-Reyes ◽  
Francisco J. García Navarro ◽  
Rolando Ruedas Luna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
Major And Trace Elements ◽  
Soil Profiles ◽  
Geochemical Characterization ◽  
Average Value ◽  
La Mancha ◽  
Original Rock

The study of five soil profiles developed on carbonatic sediments of Tertiary Miocene origin has been carried out. The topography of the area was basically flat and the traditional uses of the soils are the cultivation of dry cereals and grapevine. The geochemical characterization of the aforementioned profiles involves a study of the contents of major and trace elements among other pedologic aspects (texture, pH, organic matter, etc.). The results of this study also indicate a superficial enrichment of trace elements due to the leaching of Ca and moderate biological and anthropic activity. We can consider strontium, Sr, as the trace element that characterizes these limy soils (435 mg/kg average content in total soil and 708 mg/kg in the original rock). These contents are similar to the average value in Castilla-La Mancha of 380 mg/kg and are higher than the average in world soils of about 200 mg/kg. High levels of dangerous or pollutant elements (Cd, Hg, Pb, Cu, Zn, or Ni) were not detected. The majority of trace element anomalies are related to calcareous material and the leaching of calcium carbonate (Ca), while the influence of the anthropogenic factor is secondary. Soil quality does not indicate toxicity although surficial enrichment suggests a weak threat from consuming crops.

scholarly journals Supplemental Material: Forearc magmatic evolution during subduction initiation: Insights from an Early Cretaceous Tibetan ophiolite and comparison with the Izu-Bonin-Mariana forearc

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Gen Dai ◽  
et al.
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Early Cretaceous ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Major And Trace Elements ◽  
Magmatic Evolution ◽  
Isotopic Data ◽  
Subduction Initiation ◽  
Mariana Forearc

Detailed analytical methods in Text S1, major- and trace-element compositions of clinopyroxene, orthopyroxene, and amphibole, whole-rock major and trace elements, Sr-Nd isotopic data, and zircon U-Pb and Lu-Hf data in Tables S1–S7.

scholarly journals Passive degassing at Nyiragongo (D.R. Congo) and Etna (Italy) volcanoes

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Calabrese ◽  
Sarah Scaglione ◽  
Silvia Milazzo ◽  
Walter D'Alessandro ◽  
Nicole Bobrowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Major And Trace Elements ◽  
Trace Element Composition ◽  
Bulk Deposition ◽  
Volcanic Plume ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Volcanic Emissions ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
The Impact

<p>Volcanoes are well known as an impressive large natural source of trace elements into the troposphere. Etna (Italy) and Nyiragongo (D.R. Congo) are two stratovolcanoes located in different geological settings, both characterized by persistent passive degassing from their summit craters. Here, we present some results on trace element composition in volcanic plume emissions, atmospheric bulk deposition (rainwater) and their uptake by the surrounding vegetation, with the aim to compare and identify differences and similarities between these two volcanoes. Volcanic emissions were sampled by using active filter-pack for acid gases (sulfur and halogens) and specific teflon filters for particulates (major and trace elements). The impact of the volcanogenic deposition in the surrounding of the crater rims was investigated by using different sampling techniques: bulk rain collectors gauges were used to collect atmospheric bulk deposition, and biomonitoring technique was carried out to collect gases and particulates by using endemic plant species. The estimates of the trace element fluxes confirm that Etna and Nyiragongo are large sources of metals into the atmosphere, especially considering their persistent state of passive degassing. The large amount of emitted trace elements has a strong impact on the close surrounding of both volcanoes. This is clearly reflected by in the chemical composition of rainwater collected at the summit areas both for Etna and Nyiragongo. Moreover, the biomonitoring results highlight that bioaccumulation of trace elements is extremely high in the proximity of the crater rim and decreases with the distance from the active craters.</p>

XVIII.—The Geochemistry of the Charnockite Series of Madras, India

1955 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 725-768 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Howie
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Major And Trace Elements ◽  
Rock Series ◽  
Peninsular India ◽  
Smooth Curves ◽  
Type Area ◽  
Classical Work ◽  
The World

SynopsisSince the classical work of Sir Thomas Holland at the beginning of this century on the charnockite series in Peninsular India there have appeared numerous papers describing rocks from all over the world which have been claimed to belong to this series. The rocks from the type area around Madras have now been re-examined, with particular reference to their chemistry and chemical mineralogy, to provide further evidence for their mode of origin.Following petrographic descriptions, fifteen new analyses of these rocks are presented together with trace element determinations, and these are shown to produce smooth curves on a variation diagram. For several rocks all the constituent minerals have been analysed, and it has thus been possible to discuss the mineralogical location of the various major and trace elements in these rocks. Trace element determinations are presented for the 43 minerals analysed together with those for a further 35 minerals not chemically analysed, and their variation within the mineral species is discussed.The possible modes of origin of these rocks are considered, and from the evidence obtained they are held to represent a plutonic igneous rock series which has undergone recrystallization in the solid state on being subjected to plutonic metamorphism.

Determination of Sulfur, Ash, and trace Element Content of Coal, Coke, and Fly Using Multielement Tube-Excied X-ray Fluorescence Analsis

1976 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 431-436
Author(s):  
J. A. Cooper ◽  
B. D. Wheeler ◽  
G. J. Wolfe ◽  
D. M. Bartell ◽  
D. B. Schlafke
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Trace Element Content ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
Major And Trace Elements ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
X Ray

A procedure using tube excited energy dispersive x-ray fluorescence analysis with interelement corrections has been developed for multielement analysis of major and trace elements and ash content of coal, coke, and fly ash. The procedure uses pressed pellets and an exponential correction for interelement effects. The average deviations ranged from about 0.0003% for V at an average concentration of about .003% to 0.1% for S at an average concentration of 4%. About 25 elements were measured and 100 second minimum detectable concentrations ranged from about one part per million for elements near arsenic to about one tenth of one percent for sodium.

scholarly journals Melt-rock interaction in the lower crust based on silicate melt inclusions in mafic garnet granulite xenoliths, Bakony–Balaton Highland

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Blanka Németh ◽  
Kálmán Török ◽  
Enikő Bali ◽  
Zoltán Zajacz ◽  
László Fodor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Lower Crust ◽  
Melt Inclusions ◽  
Wall Rock ◽  
Major And Trace Elements ◽  
Silicate Melt ◽  
Alkaline Basalt ◽  
Garnet Granulite ◽  
Granulite Xenoliths

Major and trace element composition of silicate melt inclusions (SMI) and their rock-forming minerals were studied in mafic garnet granulite xenoliths from the Bakony–Balaton Highland Volcanic Field (Western-Hungary). Primary SMIs occur in clinopyroxene and plagioclase in the plagioclase-rich domains of mafic garnet granulites and in ilmenite in the vicinity of these domains in the wall rock. Based on major and trace elements, we demonstrated that the SMIs have no connection with the xenolith-hosting alkaline basalt as they have rhyodacitic composition with a distinct REE pattern, negative Sr anomaly, and HFSE depletion. The trace element characteristics suggest that the clinopyroxene hosted SMIs are the closest representation of the original melt percolated in the lower crust. In contrast, the plagioclase and ilmenite hosted SMIs are products of interaction between the silicic melt and the wall rock garnet granulite. A further product of this interaction is the clinopyroxene–ilmenite±plagioclase symplectite. Textural observations and mass ­balance calculations reveal that the reaction between titanite and the silicate melt led to the formation of these assemblages. We propose that a tectonic mélange of metapelites and (MOR-related) metabasalts partially melted at 0.3–0.5 GPa to form a dacitic–rhyodacitic melt leaving behind a garnet-free, plagioclase+clinopyroxene+orthopyroxene+ilmenite residuum. The composition of the SMIs (both major and trace elements) is similar to those from the middle Miocene calc-alkaline magmas, widely known from the northern Pannonian Basin (Börzsöny and Visegrád Mts., Cserhát and Mátra volcanic areas and Central Slovakian VF), but the SMIs are probably the result of a later, local process. The study of these SMIs also highlights how crustal contamination changes magma compositions during asthenospheric Miocene ascent.

Major and trace elements geochemistry of basalts and trachyphonolites from Huahine Island, Society archipelago (French Polynesia)

2006 ◽  
Vol 177 (4) ◽  
pp. 179-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luc Harnois ◽  
Ross K. Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Basaltic Magma ◽  
French Polynesia ◽  
Major And Trace Elements ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Trace Element Data ◽  
Chemical Variability ◽  
Basaltic Melt ◽  
Heterogeneous Source

Abstract Basalts and trachyphonolites from Huahine Island (Society archipelago) have been analyzed for major elements and several trace elements (including rare earth elements). Eight basalts from the nearby Bora Bora Island were also analyzed for comparison. Ni-MgO, Ni-Ba, and Ni-Rb modeling indicates that the abundances of these elements in Huahine basalts cannot be entirely the result of crystallization and/or accumulation of olivine and reflect a variability already present in a heterogeneous source, a conclusion supported by Pb and Ce data. The chemical variability of Huahine basalts, with respect to several trace elements, can be explained by contamination of the differentiating basaltic melt by a sedimentary reservoir. The same trace element data also suggest that Huahine trachyphonolites can be derived from basaltic magma by assimilation-fractional crystallization or from partial melting of a hawaiite.

scholarly journals Supplemental Material: Forearc magmatic evolution during subduction initiation: Insights from an Early Cretaceous Tibetan ophiolite and comparison with the Izu-Bonin-Mariana forearc

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Gen Dai ◽  
et al.
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Early Cretaceous ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Major And Trace Elements ◽  
Magmatic Evolution ◽  
Isotopic Data ◽  
Subduction Initiation ◽  
Mariana Forearc

Detailed analytical methods in Text S1, major- and trace-element compositions of clinopyroxene, orthopyroxene, and amphibole, whole-rock major and trace elements, Sr-Nd isotopic data, and zircon U-Pb and Lu-Hf data in Tables S1–S7; Figures S1–S5.

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