scholarly journals The Role of Gardens in Integrated Conservation Practice

2019 ◽  
pp. 177-188
Author(s):  
Audrey Denvir ◽  
Jeannine Cavender-Bares ◽  
Antonio González-Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Plant Conservation ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Conservation Practice ◽  
Integrated Research ◽  
Academic Researchers ◽  
Conservation Plan ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Integrated Conservation

Gardens and horticulturists play an increasingly important role in plant conservation, both in situ and ex situ. Integrated research and conservation of species intends to work across fields to connect science to conservation practice by engaging actors from different sectors, including gardens. The case of integrated conservation of Quercus brandegeei, a microendemic oak species in Baja California Sur, Mexico, is presented as an example of a collaboration between gardens and academic researchers to create a species-specific conservation plan that incorporates horticultural knowledge.

Species-targeted plant conservation: time for conceptual integration

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 232-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergei Volis
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Conservation Biology ◽  
Plant Conservation ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Endangered Plant ◽  
Conceptual Integration ◽  
Rare And Endangered ◽  
Integrated Conservation

To date, there have been only limited attempts to conceptually unify ex situ and in situ approaches as parts of an integrated conservation methodology. This paper is an attempt of such conceptual integration of existing approaches for the efficient conservation of rare and endangered plant species. My integration of available plant conservation biology literature is based on the idea that ecologically significant species genetic variation is of primary importance for plant conservation. This idea is used for providing guidelines about inventory of existing populations, sampling and propagating sampled material, and use of this material in species recovery actions.

scholarly journals Does integrated conservation of terrestrial orchids work?

Lankesteriana ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nigel Swarts ◽  
Andrew Batty ◽  
Stephen Hopper ◽  
Kingsley Dixon
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Plant Conservation ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Evolutionary Processes ◽  
Conservation Practice ◽  
Environmental Threats ◽  
Terrestrial Orchids ◽  
Integrated Conservation

Effective plant conservation involves careful con- sideration and difficult choices when investing limit- ed resources to conservation programs and policies. The conservation practice must integrate the under- standing of existing and future environmental threats, taxonomic distinctiveness, numbers of individuals in populations, reproductive biology, ex situ propagation and the maintenance of evolutionary processes influ- encing population distribution patterns. 

scholarly journals The Development of Plant Conservation in Botanic Gardens and the Current and Future Role of Conservation Genetics for Enhancing Those Conservation Efforts

2019 ◽  
Vol 03 (01) ◽  
pp. 44-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine E. Edwards ◽  
Peter Wyse Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Conservation Genetics ◽  
Plant Conservation ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Botanic Gardens ◽  
Future Role

Botanic gardens play major roles in plant conservation globally. Since the 1980s, the number of botanic gardens worldwide and their involvement in integrating ex situ and in situ plant conservation has increased significantly, with a growing focus on understanding, documenting, and capturing genetic diversity in their living collections. This article outlines why genetic diversity is important for conservation, and explores how botanic gardens can establish and expand the use of molecular techniques to support their plant conservation efforts.

Insights into the Role of In-situ and Ex-situ Hydrogen Peroxide for Enhanced Ferrate(VI) Towards Oxidation of Organic Contaminants

2021 ◽  
pp. 117548
Author(s):  
Mengfan Luo ◽  
Hongyu Zhou ◽  
Peng Zhou ◽  
Leiduo Lai ◽  
Wen Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Ex Situ

The Role of Zoos in Tree Kangaroo Conservation: Connecting Ex Situ and In Situ Conservation Action

2021 ◽  
pp. 329-361
Author(s):  
Karin R. Schwartz ◽  
Onnie Byers ◽  
Philip Miller ◽  
Jacque Blessington ◽  
Brett Smith
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Conservation ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Conservation Action

scholarly journals Application of the MSAP Technique to Evaluate Epigenetic Changes in Plant Conservation

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (20) ◽  
pp. 7459
Author(s):  
María Elena González-Benito ◽  
Miguel Ángel Ibáñez ◽  
Michela Pirredda ◽  
Sara Mira ◽  
Carmen Martín
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
In Situ Conservation ◽  
Plant Conservation ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Regenerated Plants ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Methylation Patterns

Epigenetic variation, and particularly DNA methylation, is involved in plasticity and responses to changes in the environment. Conservation biology studies have focused on the measurement of this variation to establish demographic parameters, diversity levels and population structure to design the appropriate conservation strategies. However, in ex situ conservation approaches, the main objective is to guarantee the characteristics of the conserved material (phenotype and epi-genetic). We review the use of the Methylation Sensitive Amplified Polymorphism (MSAP) technique to detect changes in the DNA methylation patterns of plant material conserved by the main ex situ plant conservation methods: seed banks, in vitro slow growth and cryopreservation. Comparison of DNA methylation patterns before and after conservation is a useful tool to check the fidelity of the regenerated plants, and, at the same time, may be related with other genetic variations that might appear during the conservation process (i.e., somaclonal variation). Analyses of MSAP profiles can be useful in the management of ex situ plant conservation but differs in the approach used in the in situ conservation. Likewise, an easy-to-use methodology is necessary for a rapid interpretation of data, in order to be readily implemented by conservation managers.

scholarly journals Education and training in Brazilian botanical gardens: are we achieving GSPC targets?

Rodriguésia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 1603-1612
Author(s):  
Tania Maria Cerati
Keyword(s):  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Plant Conservation ◽  
Global Strategy ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
The Public ◽  
Botanical Gardens ◽  
Representative Species ◽  
Education And Awareness

Abstract Engage, educate and raise public awareness of the importance of plant diversity is the means through which plant conservation can be achieved. The Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC) is a programme to halt the loss of plant diversity and recognize botanical gardens as a partners. This paper investigates the implementation of targets 14 and 15 GSPC in Brazilian botanic gardens specially in education and awareness about plant diversity and trained people. A survey was carried out on the institutional websites of 21 gardens registered in the National System of Botanical Gardens Registration to identify actions that follow the guidelines of these two targets. Websites outdated, difficult access and lack online resources for the public shows us that internet tools are poorly used to divulgation. The target 14's activities performed in most gardens are educational visits and environmental interpretation and explore collections in situ and ex situ from representative species of regional flora. Trained people is held in all gardens but some stand out as important research centers and graduate programs. Despite the efforts Brazilian botanical gardens need improve the public communication and develop strategies to measure the targets progress.

In situ Mineralization of Hydroxyapatite for a Molecular Control of Mechanical Responses in Hydroxyapatite-Polymer Composites for Bone Replacement

2001 ◽  
Vol 711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalpana Katti ◽  
Praveen Gujjula ◽  
Arunprakash Ayyarsamy ◽  
Timothy Arens
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Polyacrylic Acid ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Molecular Control ◽  
Mechanical Responses ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Ir Spectroscopic

ABSTRACTIn situ mineralization of hydroxyapatite (HAP) and the role of organics in initial nucleation and growth of HAP is critical for the resulting nano and microstructure of HAP. In situ mineralization of hydroxyapatite (HAP) in the presence of Ca binding polymers such as polyacrylic acid has shown some promise towards improvement of mechanical response of uniaxial compressed HAP/polymer composites to loading. This work represents fundamental studies on the nature of in situ HAP precipitation on resulting microstructure of the composite and bulk mechanical properties. Specifically, an experimental study, evaluating the role of initial stage mineralization of HAP on bulk mechanical responses is conducted. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopic (with micro attenuated total reflectance) techniques are utilized to evaluate the association of polymer (polyacrylic acid) with HAP during mineralization of HAP. In situ HAP exhibits a faster mineralization as compared to the ex situ mineralization samples, This improved kinetics is responsible for altering the resulting micro and nanostructure of the HAP/polymer composite. Small spectral changes are detected in the absorbance spectra of in situ HAP as compared to ex situ samples. Changes in mechanical response to loading included improvement in strain-to-failure and resulting toughness characteristics of the in situ composite. The control and development of molecular-level associations of polymer with HAP is suggested to be critical for the resulting macro properties. Our results may have significant implications for design of nanocomposites for biomedical applications.

scholarly journals Overview on the Role of Advance Genomics in Conservation Biology of Endangered Species

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suliman Khan ◽  
Ghulam Nabi ◽  
Muhammad Wajid Ullah ◽  
Muhammad Yousaf ◽  
Sehrish Manan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Species ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Endangered Plants ◽  
Monitoring Tools ◽  
Sixth Mass Extinction ◽  
Novice Readers ◽  
Hybridization And Introgression

In the recent era, due to tremendous advancement in industrialization, pollution and other anthropogenic activities have created a serious scenario for biota survival. It has been reported that present biota is entering a “sixth” mass extinction, because of chronic exposure to anthropogenic activities. Variousex situandin situmeasures have been adopted for conservation of threatened and endangered plants and animal species; however, these have been limited due to various discrepancies associated with them. Current advancement in molecular technologies, especially, genomics, is playing a very crucial role in biodiversity conservation. Advance genomics helps in identifying the segments of genome responsible for adaptation. It can also improve our understanding about microevolution through a better understanding of selection, mutation, assertive matting, and recombination. Advance genomics helps in identifying genes that are essential for fitness and ultimately for developing modern and fast monitoring tools for endangered biodiversity. This review article focuses on the applications of advanced genomics mainly demographic, adaptive genetic variations, inbreeding, hybridization and introgression, and disease susceptibilities, in the conservation of threatened biota. In short, it provides the fundamentals for novice readers and advancement in genomics for the experts working for the conservation of endangered plant and animal species.

scholarly journals Visualizing and isolating iron-reducing microorganisms at single cell level

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cuifen Gan ◽  
Rongrong Wu ◽  
Yeshen Luo ◽  
Jianhua Song ◽  
Dizhou Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Cell ◽  
Iron Reduction ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Single Cell Level ◽  
Cell Level ◽  
Cell Sorter ◽  
Fluorescent Intensity

AbstractIron-reducing microorganisms (FeRM) play key roles in many natural and engineering processes. Visualizing and isolating FeRM from multispecies samples are essential to understand the in-situ location and geochemical role of FeRM. Here, we visualized FeRM by a “turn-on” Fe2+-specific fluorescent chemodosimeter (FSFC) with high sensitivity, selectivity and stability. This FSFC could selectively identify and locate active FeRM from either pure culture, co-culture of different bacteria or sediment-containing samples. Fluorescent intensity of the FSFC could be used as an indicator of Fe2+ concentration in bacterial cultures. By integrating FSFC with a single cell sorter, we obtained three FSFC-labeled cells from an enriched consortia and all of them were subsequently evidenced to be capable of iron-reduction and two unlabeled cells were evidenced to have no iron-reducing capability, further confirming the feasibility of the FSFC.ImportanceVisualization and isolation of FeRM from samples containing multispecies are commonly needed by researchers from different disciplines, such as environmental microbiology, environmental sciences and geochemistry. However, no available method has been reported. In this study, we provid a solution to visualize FeRM and evaluate their activity even at single cell level. Integrating with single cell sorter, FeRM can also be isolated from samples containing multispecies. This method can be used as a powerful tool to uncover the in-situ or ex-situ role of FeRM and their interactions with ambient microbes or chemicals.

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