scholarly journals ENERGY DIPLOMACY OF TURKEY

2016 ◽  
pp. 101-110
Author(s):  
V. Ozdemir ◽  
I. A. Guliyev
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Gas Pipeline ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Turkish Republic ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Natural Gas Pipeline ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Energy Diplomacy

The article deals with current issues of energy diplomacy of Turkey. The authors describe the main positive and negative results of Turkey's foreign energy policy in terms of the implementation of major energy projects. Geopolitical processes in the world, the conflict of interests of various countries in the political arena are important factors that affect the crude oil and natural gas pipeline projects. Particular attention is paid to the problems and prospects of cooperation between the Turkish Republic and the Russian Federation in the fuel and energy complex. The authors describe the interaction betweeen Russia and Turkey in the energy sector, including geo-economic interests of the countries in the Russian-Turkish gas dialogue. Turkey made efforts to position as an alternative gas supply route, taking advantage of concern about increasing Europe's dependence on Russian exports. Last years Turkey has set itself the important task - to turn from transit country into a regional gas hub. Ukrainian crisis increased the geostrategic importance of the Black Sea region to Russia, as well as strengthened the ambition of the Turkish side. The authors also highlight the prospects of the natural gas pipeline project from Russia via the Black Sea to Turkey and to the Turkish-Greek border, which named "Turkish stream". This project was frozen in terms of military and political processes at the end of 2015 in Syria.

Revived Russian-Turkish gas project is less ambitious

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Third Party ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Natural Gas Pipeline ◽  
Original Plan ◽  
Gas Market ◽  
Vladimir Putin ◽  
The Eu

Subject The decision to restart the TurkStream natural gas pipeline from Russia to Turkey. Significance The agreement on August 9 between Russian and Turkish Presidents Vladimir Putin and Recep Tayyip Erdogan to resume the TurkStream project relaunches their partnership in the energy sector. This had been frozen as a result of Turkey's shooting down of Russian Su-24 jet last November. Impacts Turkey could start importing up to 15.75 bcm additional natural gas under the Black Sea by 2019. Such a reduced amount compared with the original plan would seem to allow room in the Turkish gas market for rival suppliers. TurkStream could be extended into the EU only if the European Commission and Gazprom compromise on third-party access to the pipeline.

scholarly journals Natural gas transport system in the extended region of the Black Sea in the current geopolitical, geo-and geo-economics context

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-92
Author(s):  
Alin-Nicușor Calopereanu ◽  
Eugen Prioteasa ◽  
Ileana Vălimăreanu Mircioi
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Natural Gas Transport ◽  
Alternative Sources

Abstract Energy security as an integral part of economic security is seen by the involved actors from two perspectives: alternative sources and alternative energy routes, respectively as the interdependence between consumers and suppliers at all levels of the cycle of production, transport, distribution. The present article aims to present the existing realities of the transport routes of natural gas from the Extended Black Sea Region, and a brief analysis on the main projects outlined in this area in the context of contemporary challenges to global security. The methods used in elaboration of this article are documenting, analysis and synthesis.

Obsidian Exchange Networks in Prehistoric Anatolia: New Data from the Black Sea Region

Paléorient ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-182
Author(s):  
Bleda S. Düring ◽  
Bernard Gratuze
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Exchange Networks ◽  
Black Sea Region

The referendum as an institution in the Black Sea Region: Does it signal the rise or collapse of democracy?

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 161-185
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Podolak
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Direct Democracy ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Moral Issues ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Democratic Systems ◽  
Important State ◽  
Constitutional Changes

Views on the institution of direct democracy have changed during the period of democratic transition. The various advantages and positive effects of direct democracy have been confirmed by the practice of some democratic countries. Its educational and political activation value for society was also noted, without which civil society cannot form. The referendum is especially treated as the purest form of correlation between the views of society and the decisions of its representatives. In a situation where two representative bodies are present – the parliament and the president – a referendum is considered a means of resolving disputes between them in important state affairs. The referendum is nowadays becoming more than just a binding or consultative opinion on a legislative act, especially a constitution. First and foremost, it is important to see the extension of the type and scope of issues that are subject to direct voting. Apart from the traditional, i.e., constitutional changes, polarising issues that raise considerable emotion have become the subject of referenda. Problems of this type include, in particular, moral issues, membership in international organisations, and so-called ‘New Policy’. This article presents the role and importance of the referendum as an institution shaping the democratic systems of the Black Sea Region.

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