scholarly journals Literary Discourse as a Cognitive Dialogue About «Language as the House of Spirit»

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-42
Author(s):  
Yu. V. Mironova ◽  
T. I. Sokolskaya
Keyword(s):  
Literary Work ◽  
Modern Human ◽  
Literary Discourse ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Textual Space ◽  
Level 3 ◽  
Spiritual Energy ◽  
Literary Work Of Art ◽  
Level 2 ◽  
Different Levels

The article is focused on the diversity of literary discourse which is viewed through the prism of “the internal life of the text” and is considered as a dialogue within “the life and power” of the language. As an object of interdisciplinary scientific research literary discourse is perceived as a complex metalinguistic phenomenon, which is inherently dialogic in its character and able to generate certain reality in which modern human beings live and act. In the triad “discourse – language – language personality” the median marker is viewed as “the house of being” (M. Heidegger), “the spirit of the nation” (W. Humboldt), which allows for the understanding of flickering ideas standing behind the creativity of a modern poet.This paper provides the interpretation of the linguistic dynamics of textual space as one of the possible methods of understanding “the life and power” of the text, which helps to objectively represent the notion of “language as the house of spirit” and the spirituality of modern poetry.The purpose of the article is to study the discourse of a literary work of art as a cognitive dialogue about “language as the house of spirit” and reveal the dynamics of “the spirit” within “the soul of the text”. It should be underlined that the multidimensional character of literary discourse provides for several levels in studying a literary text:Level 1: “the text and the reality”;Level 2: “the text and the language”;Level 3: “the author and the text”;Level 4: “the reader and the text”.The research is based on the analysis of the poetic essays by Tamara Sokolskaya – “The Honesuckle” and “Poetic Ariozo. G#HF#E”.The methods employed in the paper include modeling and interpretation of the linguistic dynamics of the textual space, contrastive and synergetic analysis of the “life and power” of the text and the method of conceptual analysis.The findings of the research comprise the following the results:1. Literary discourse is specific in its multidimensional character and the variety of expressed ideas, which sets it apart from other types of discourse;2. This multidimensional character of literary discourse reveals the complexity of the spiritual life of the author of the text.3. The synergy in the dynamics of textual units demonstrates spiritual content of modern poetry which exists at different levels of consciousness.4. Literary discourse serves as the material realization of the spiritual energy of a person.5. Literary discourse should be viewed as a cognitive dialogue about “language as the house of spirit” which reveals “the dialectic of the spirit” of the author and the dynamics of “the life and power” of the text as a multicultural language code representing the spiritual energy of the nation.

scholarly journals Morpho-phonological levels and grammaticalization in Karimojong: A review of the evidence

2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-169
Author(s):  
Diane Lesley- Lesley-Neuman
Keyword(s):  
Phonological Processes ◽  
Linguistic Structure ◽  
Surface Irregularities ◽  
Level 3 ◽  
Level 1 ◽  
The Right ◽  
Level 2 ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Phonological Rules ◽  
Verbal Complex

An analysis of the affixation processes and the phonological rules governing [ATR] harmony in Karimojong verbs permits the organization of derivational processes into three levels. On each level specific groups of morphemes are affixed and the resultant derived words undergo defined sets of phonological processes. On Level 1 a feature filling [±ATR] harmony rule applies, in which the [ATR] feature spreads bi-directionally from the principal root vowel across the root and all Level 1 affixes. However, there are also localized disharmonic domains created by phonologized co-articulation effects of consonants and dissimilation rules for vowels. On Level 2, suffixation of Tense-Mood-Aspect (TMA) markers at the right edge of the verbal complex triggers [+ATR] feature spreading leftward across the derived word. On Level 3 affixation does not trigger [ATR] harmony processes, and both affix vowels and the derivational complexes to which they are added retain their [ATR] features. Some Karimojong affixes exhibit behaviors characteristic of two different levels, depending on context; these affixes are proposed to be in transition between levels. The three levels are proposed to result from diachronic evolution, and their relative chronological development can be established by (1) correspondences to landmarks within the cross-linguistically attested agreement system grammaticalization cline, which groups affixes according to ordering universals, and (2) the existence of successive evolutionary cycles of frequentive morphology. A model of the morphology-phonology interface is proposed in which linguistic structure internal to the morpheme channels the spread of [ATR] features. The model provides an explanation for surface irregularities that originated at the time of areal vowel mergers in Nilotic languages (Dimmendaal, 2002).

scholarly journals Literature Review on Fingerprint Level 1 and Level 2 Features Enhancement to Improve Quality of Image

2017 ◽  
pp. 8-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna Prasad K. ◽  
P. S. Aithal
Keyword(s):  
Recognition System ◽  
Fingerprint Recognition ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Global Features ◽  
Basic Premise ◽  
Level 3 ◽  
Level 1 ◽  
The One ◽  
Level 2

Biometrics is the one most popular property in human distinguishing proof based on physical or behavioral features. The different physiological characteristics are Fingerprint, DNA, Face, hand, retina, ear features, and odor, where as behavioral characteristics or features are typing rhythm, gait, gesture, and voice with the basic premise that all are unique and all human beings are identified by these intrinsic traits. In the physiological traits, Fingerprint is most commonly utilized the biometric feature in diverse fields for identification and verification purpose. Fingerprint features can be separated into three noteworthy classifications in view of the granularity at which they are removed as level 1, level 2, and level 3 features. Level 1 feature contains macro details, which are easily extractable and include orientation filed, ridge frequency filed and pattern configuration. Only these global features or Level 1 features are not sufficient to uniquely identify or recognize, but if these features are used along with level 2 or level 3 features, that can make the fingerprint recognition system more robust and secure. Level1 features are used for image enhancement and orientation purpose. In this paper, we made a survey of existing literature on Level 1 features and try to analyze other researcher's contribution to this field.

scholarly journals Postmodernist Play within Different Text Levels in There But For The by Ali Smith

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 232-241
Author(s):  
G. I. Lushnikova ◽  
T. Iu. Osadchaia
Keyword(s):  
Literary Work ◽  
Literary Discourse ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Modern Fiction ◽  
Discourse Strategies ◽  
Narrative Temporality ◽  
Play Elements ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Internal Speech ◽  
Different Levels

Postmodern play is one of the important characteristics of modern fiction; it often acts as a text-forming element of the literary work. Literary play is manifested within different text levels and literary discourse strategies: the narrative, composition, imagery, diction, narrative temporality and modality, the technique of metanarrative. The present paper features the poetics of play within different text levels and literary discourse strategies in the novel by contemporary Scottish writer Ali Smith "There But For The". At the level of the novel’s narrative, the play manifests itself in the confusion of reality and fantasy, imagination and actual memory in the characters' internal speech. At the level of composition, the author plays with the readers, giving them an opportunity to find some "key" that will connect the four chapters of the novel and the prologue; the characters and connections between them are sometimes also a mystery. Within the literary strategy of temporality, the following play elements are presented: the contrast between serious reasoning about Time and humorous comments and thematically related pieces of poetry; nonlinear narration; description of events which take place in different time periods in a short context. Within the literary strategy of modality, we can trace the author’s play with the reader and the effect of defeated expectancy. The technique of metanarrative also contains elements of the play: the literary and stylistic means used in the novel are explained both in a serious and a joking manner. The diction of the novel is characterized by usage of stylistic devices of different language levels, their function being that of the play: oxymoron, zeugma, chiasm, holophrasis, different types of morphological repetition, and pun. The results of the study suggest that the introduction of elements of a play into the novel at its different levels makes a sharp contrast with the existential themes of the work. Such a contrast greatly enhances the impact of this novel on the reader and requires further study. 

The Problematic Status of the Literary Work of Art in Contemporary Aesthetics

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-144
Author(s):  
Ioana-Eliza Deac
Keyword(s):  
Literary Work ◽  
Work Of Art ◽  
Dual Nature ◽  
Shared Set ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Literary Work Of Art ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Physical Manifestation ◽  
Different Levels

Developing a system that would reunite all the arts and account for their similarities and differences on the basis of a shared set of criteria was one of the main objectives of the aesthetic discipline, whose roots run deep into romantic philosophy. The diversity of modernist experiments poses a number of challenges to such systematisation and invites theoreticians to start anew. To illustrate some of the main difficulties arising from this situation, particularly in the case of the literary work of art, this article will focus on Gérard Genette’s two volume work L’œuvre de l’art (1994, 1997). Genette’s main purpose is to offer a conceptual framework for the description of the work of art that would find a place in the system for its material mode of existence. His objective is achieved at the expense of the coherence of the model since the structure of what he terms allographic and autographic works proves to be asymmetrical. Thus, the autographic works are presented as having a dual nature: transcendental and immanent (that is, physical), while the allographic works comprise three different levels: transcendence – immanence (understood as ideal) – and (physical) manifestation. After confronting Genette’s premises with the conclusions of several disciplines which study the same object of immanence from a different perspective, this paper will propose a revised and more coherent version of his system.

Cognitive Developmental Stages Emerging from Levels of Learning

1978 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graeme S. Halford
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Processing Capacity ◽  
External Objects ◽  
Level 3 ◽  
Level 1 ◽  
Processing Factors ◽  
Level 2 ◽  
Representation Level ◽  
Different Levels

It is proposed that the environment can be cognized at four different levels: Level 0, without symbolic representation; Level 1, in which symbols are related to external objects and events, and to other symbols, in one-to-one fashion; Level 2, in which symbols are related to one another so as to form systems, and are related to external objects and events as systems; Level 3, in which symbols are related to sets of environment elements at the level of compositions of systems. Recognition of inconsistency requires more information for higher level systems than for lower level systems. Therefore, the highest attainable level of cognitive functioning will depend on information-processing capacity in a predictable way. Two experiments are reported in which level of system and age of children were found to interact in the predicted fashion. It is proposed that cognitive development stages can be accounted for in terms of information-processing factors which limit the highest level of cognitive system with children can attain at any given age.

scholarly journals A CT study of the femoral and sciatic nerve periacetabular moving in different hip positions

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yagmur Isin ◽  
Onur Hapa ◽  
Yavuz Selim Kara ◽  
Ali Ihsan Kilic ◽  
Ali Balcı
Keyword(s):  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Periacetabular Osteotomy ◽  
Femoral Nerve ◽  
Neutral Position ◽  
Bony Landmarks ◽  
Level 3 ◽  
Hip Flexion ◽  
Level 2 ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract Background Femoral and sciatic nerves could be damaged during various stages of the periacetabular osteotomy. Changing the position of the hip could be the most effective way of preventing nerve injuries. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the distances of the nerves to various bony landmarks with different hip positions in computerized pelvic scanograms of healthy adults. Materials and methods Fifteen healthy male adults (30 hips) (age 30 ± 6) were included. Scans were performed at three different hip positions measured by goniometer (neutral “N,” flexion (30–45°) + abduction (30–45°) + external rotation (20°) “F” and neutral+ abduction (30–45°) + external rotation (20°) (Nabext) at three different levels (sourcil “1,” the middle of the femoral head “2,” and lower border of triradiate cartilage “3.” Results At the sourcil level, the femoral nerve was found to be the furthest distance from the anterior acetabulum in the neutral position compared to flexion or neutral plus abduction, external rotation (p < 0.001). For the sciatic nerve, at level 2, hip flexion resulted in a greater distance than in the neutral position (p = 0.001). For level 3, hip flexion caused a decrease in the distance of the sciatic nerve to the acetabulum compared to both neutral positions (N or Nabex) (p = 0.001). Conclusions During a pubic cut of the osteotomy, the femoral nerve moves closer to the anterior acetabulum wall with hip flexion or abduction plus external rotation. During an ischial cut, the sciatic nerve gets closer to the ischium with hip flexion while it moves away from the bone during retroacetabular cut. Level-III Study

scholarly journals Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Siswa dalam Pemecahan Masalah dengan Konteks Covid-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-30
Author(s):  
Julia Ayu Wulandari ◽  
Tatag Yuli Eko Siswono
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Creative Thinking ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Mathematics Problems ◽  
Level 3 ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Level 1 ◽  
Math Problems ◽  
Level 2 ◽  
Different Levels

This study aims to describe the creative thinking abilities of students based on their level of creative thinking in solving math problems in the context of covid 19. Data collection was carried out by providing a test for solving mathematics problems in the context of Covid 19. Data analysis techniques were data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. Data analysis is to see how the student is solving problems with what ideas can be given. The research subjects were four students with different levels of creative thinking, then interviewed how the students completed these problems. The results showed that the subject at level 0 (not creative) only gave one answer and one way of solving the problem. Subjects with creative thinking level 1 (less creative), able to produce two different answers, and able to present data in two ways of presenting data, but only one is correct. Then the subject with level 2 (creative enough), can give one answer correctly and two ways of presenting the data correctly. While the subject with level 3 (creative) thinking can produce two different answers correctly and two ways of presenting data correctly.

scholarly journals Kognition og narrativitet

2006 ◽  
Vol 34 (101) ◽  
pp. 108-121
Author(s):  
Peer F. Bundgård
Keyword(s):  
Visual Perception ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Work Of Art ◽  
Literary Work Of Art

Det narrative skema som grundlæggende kognitivt skema Cognition and narrativityThis paper aims at establishing the origin of the narrative schema in the perception of intentional movements. The distinction between mechanical and intentional movements is vital for human beings, and the narrative schema, which is underpinned by this distinction, is therefore claimed to be a basic cognitive principle of intelligibility. This is the reason why the narrative schema is by no means confined to the domain of the literary work of art or telling in general. It is rather a major principle for the combination of partial significations in many other domains. The paper explores the role traditionally assigned to the narrative schema within continental semiotics, and through an interpretation of Heider & Simmel’s study on apparent behavior it establishes the cognitive import of the narrative schema and its origin in visual perception; finally it gives examples of the meaning-organizing import of the narrative schema.

scholarly journals SOS Games as an Alternative Game for Warming Up in Sports

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-188
Author(s):  
Touvan Juni Samodra ◽  
Uray Gustian ◽  
Astiati Astiati
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Movement Activity ◽  
School Students ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Level 3 ◽  
Level 1 ◽  
Level 2 ◽  
Different Levels

This study aimed to test the SOS game used as a means to warm up. SOS games were usually played on paper. The trial game consists of 3 different levels. This game could be used as a movement activity to warm up. With some modifications, this game was tested. The trial was conducted on junior high school students, totaling 40 students. The data was obtained by measuring the pulse. Pulse was measured by counting the pulse in the neck for 10 seconds. The calculation result is multiplied by 6 to determine the number of pulses per minute—data analysis by comparing the measurement results with heating criteria based on age. The results showed that the first trial had a pulse rate of 142. Based on trial with 40 samples each at level 1, 140 level 2, 143, and level 3, 143 beats per minute. All of these pulses were in the exercise pulse. So it can be recommended that this game be used for heating purposes.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Perbedaan Metode Transplantasi Terhadap Laju Pertumbuhan Karang Acropora aspera Pada Artificial Patch Reef Di Pulau Panjang, Jepara

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Bintang Prayoga ◽  
Munasik Munasik ◽  
Irwani Irwani
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Patch Reef ◽  
Artificial Reefs ◽  
Research Use ◽  
Level 3 ◽  
Level 2 ◽  
Different Levels

Artificial Patch Reef (APR) adalah salah satu terumbu karang buatan yang dirancang dengan bentuk melingkar modular berbentuk piramida dan memiliki 4 tingkatan atau kedalaman yang berbeda. Penelitian ini menggunakan Acropora aspera sebagai karang yang akan ditransplan pada APR karena saat ini populasi dari Acropora sangat terdegradasi dan terus menurun. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan April hingga Juli 2018 di perairan Pulau Panjang Jepara. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui laju pertumbuhan Acropora aspera dengan variasi metode yaitu ditransplan secara vertikal dan horizontal. Kedua metode memiliki keuntungan masing-masing dengan metode vertikal memiliki peluang pertumbuhan yang lebih cepat karena pertumbuhan pada karang selalu menuju ke arah datangnya sinar matahari, keuntungan dari posisi penanaman secara horizontal adalah posisi yang optimal karena hasilnya karang tetap dapat tumbuh pada dua sisi dan dapat tumbuh ke segala arah. Selain itu penelitian ini menggunakan 3 kedalaman yang berbeda. Pertumbuhan tertinggi pada perbedaan metode terjadi pada metode vertikal dengan laju pertumbuhan sebesar 0,35 cm/bulan sedangkan pada metode horizontal didapat hasil sebesar 0,27 cm/bulan. Untuk laju pertumbuhan pada perbedaan kedalaman atau tingkatan didapatkan laju pertumbuhan untuk tingkat 2 sebesar 0,24 cm/bulan, tingkat 3 sebesar 0,34 cm/bulan dan tingkat 4 sebesar 0,35 cm/bulan. Analisis statistik ANOVA  menunjukkan pada tingkatan dan metode diperoleh nilai Sig. 0,00  yang berarti H1 diterima, berarti ada perbedaan signifikan antar metode dan antar tingkatan. Artificial Patch Reef (APR) is one of the artificial reefs that is designed with a circular pyramidal modular shape and has 4 different gradations or depths. This study used Acropora aspera as the coral to be transplanted in the APR because currently the population of Acropora is highly degraded and continues to decrease. This research was conducted from April to July 2018 on the Panjang Island, Jepara. This research use Acropora aspera with a variety of methods that transplanted vertically and horizontally. Both methods have advantages. Vertical method has chance to growth faster than horizontal method. In the direction that comes from sunlight, the benefits of planting horizontally are optimal because they produce corals that can grow on both sides and can grow to all direction. In addition, this study uses 3 different levels. The highest method obtained in the vertical method with a growth rate of 0.35 cm / month in the horizontal method results obtained at 0.27 cm / month. For the growth rate at the growth rate or growth rate for level 2 of 0.24 cm / month, level 3 is 0.34 cm / month and level 4 is 0.35 cm / month. Statistical analysis of ANOVA determines at the level and method obtains the Sig. 0,00 which means H1 is accepted, meaning there are significant differences between methods and between levels.

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